To analyze all-cause mortality among hepatitis C cases aged ≥18 years in Yuxi City from 2005 to 2023 and explore the interactions of factors influencing survival time. Baseline and follow-up data for hepatitis C cases reported during this period were extracted from the Chinese National Notifiable Disease Reporting System. Survival time and related factors were assessed using the Cox proportional hazards model. Kaplan-Meier cumulative mortality risk curves were generated for treated and untreated hepatitis C cases, and interactions among subgroups of various influencing factors were examined. A total of 5 110 hepatitis C cases aged ≥18 years were reported from 2005 to 2023, encompassing 35 349.25 person-years of observation with the follow-up time duration M ( Q1, Q3) was 6.17 (2.33, 11.08) person-years. There were 763 all-cause deaths, corresponding to a mortality density of 2.16 per 100 person-years. Survival analysis showed a statistically significant difference in cumulative mortality between the treated and untreated groups (Log-rank χ2=122.033, P<0.001), with a lower risk of death observed among treated patients. Additive model analysis showed that there was a synergistic interaction between treatment status and age group, with relative excess of interaction, attributable proportions of interaction, and synergy index of 6.16 (95 %CI: 2.70-9.61), 1.83 (95 %CI: 1.46-2.30), and 0.42 (95 %CI: 0.31-0.53), respectively; and between treatment status and gender. There was a synergistic interaction between treatment status and sex, with relative excess of interaction, attributable proportions of interaction, and synergy index of 2.63 (95 %CI: 1.14-4.13), 1.56 (95 %CI: 1.19-2.06), and 0.32 (95 %CI: 0.17-0.46), respectively. The cause of death composition were 38.53% (249 cases) attributed to hepatitis C-related causes.The leading non-hepatitis C-related causes of death were cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, pulmonary diseases, malignancies, drug overdose, and injuries. In conclusion, hepatitis C cases ≥18 years of age in Yuxi City had a lower cumulative mortality rate when treated than when untreated. Treatment status interacted with age and gender on patient survival, respectively. Changes in patients with concomitant cardiovascular diseases, pulmonary diseases and malignancies should be focused.

Objective To investigate the situation of HIV infection and epidemiological characteristics among voluntary blood donors and pre-transfusion patients in Yuxi prefecture between 2010 and 2021.Methods Da-te collected with the HIV/AIDS Case Reporting Cards and original record of blood station,HIV antibody positive rate,the demographic characteristics,and epidemiological data of blood donors and pre-transfusion patients,were analyzed accordingly,the related date were statistically analyzed.Results The HIV antibody positive ratio were 5.56? and 2.01? among pre-transfusion patients and voluntary blood donors(P<0.001),showing an downward trend year after year.The HIV-positive detection rate among blood donors aged<25 years was significantly higher at 3.72‰ compared to 1.60‰ for those aged≥25 years(P=0.003).Among HIV-positive blood recipients,the proportion of individuals aged 15-24 years(34.62%)was markedly higher than that among blood donors(1.96%),whereas no donors were aged≥50 years compared to 23.53%of recipients(P<0.001).Farmers showed a significantly higher HIV detection rate(3.18‰)than students(2.66‰)and other occupations(1.60‰)(P=0.041).Similarly,individuals with high school education or below showed a higher detection rate(2.52‰)than those with high school education or above(1.45‰)(P=0.045).Among HIV-positive cases,blood donors had a higher proportion of HIV-infected individuals(84.62%)versus AIDS cases(15.38%),whereas the recipients showed the opposite trend:41.18%HIV-infected versus 58.82%AIDS cases(P<0.001).Conclusion In recent years,the HIV positive detection rate in Yuxi area has shown a downward trend,but the occurrence of HIV in Yuxi area is characterized by youthfulness and low education.Among them,HIV infected individuals through same-sex contact account for an important reason for HIV infection.

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have provided compelling evidence that exposure to brominated flame retardants (BFRs) can adversely affect human health. We aim to explore the potential impact of BFRs on adiposity and central obesity. METHODS: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) cycles conducted between 2009 and 2014 was used to study the connections between variables. After filtering, we analyzed a sample of 4,110 adults aged 20 years and above. Our goal was to examine the potential association between BFRs and consequences and investigate the part played by oxidative stress and inflammatory markers as intermediaries. To achieve this, we used advanced statistical methods such as weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, quantile-based g-computation (QGC), and the Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR). RESULTS: The findings showed that among the examined chemicals, exposure to PBDE85 (weight: 41%), PBDE100 (24%), and PBB153 (23%) may be the dominant contributors to general obesity risk. Upon controlling for all variables that could impact the results, it was found that the QGC outcomes indicated a positive correlation between exposure to mixtures of brominated flame retardants and the occurrence of abdominal obesity (OR = 1.187, 95% CI: 1.056-1.334, p = 0.004). Significant contributions were made by PBDE85 (52%), PBB153 (27%), and PBDE100 (21%). Mediation analysis shows that lymphatic cells (LC) and albumin (ALB) partially mediate the link between brominated flame retardants and obesity. The results of BKMR are generally consistent with those of WQS and QGC. CONCLUSION At a population level, our research has revealed a noteworthy correlation between BFRs and obesity. However, further investigation is required through prospective cohort studies and in-depth mechanistic exploratory studies.
Humans ; Flame Retardants/adverse effects* ; Oxidative Stress/drug effects* ; Adult ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Inflammation/epidemiology* ; Obesity/chemically induced* ; Biomarkers/blood* ; Nutrition Surveys ; Mediation Analysis ; Young Adult ; United States/epidemiology* ; Environmental Exposure/adverse effects* ; Aged ; Environmental Pollutants/adverse effects* ; Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers/adverse effects*

To analyze all-cause mortality among hepatitis C cases aged ≥18 years in Yuxi City from 2005 to 2023 and explore the interactions of factors influencing survival time. Baseline and follow-up data for hepatitis C cases reported during this period were extracted from the Chinese National Notifiable Disease Reporting System. Survival time and related factors were assessed using the Cox proportional hazards model. Kaplan-Meier cumulative mortality risk curves were generated for treated and untreated hepatitis C cases, and interactions among subgroups of various influencing factors were examined. A total of 5 110 hepatitis C cases aged ≥18 years were reported from 2005 to 2023, encompassing 35 349.25 person-years of observation with the follow-up time duration M ( Q1, Q3) was 6.17 (2.33, 11.08) person-years. There were 763 all-cause deaths, corresponding to a mortality density of 2.16 per 100 person-years. Survival analysis showed a statistically significant difference in cumulative mortality between the treated and untreated groups (Log-rank χ2=122.033, P<0.001), with a lower risk of death observed among treated patients. Additive model analysis showed that there was a synergistic interaction between treatment status and age group, with relative excess of interaction, attributable proportions of interaction, and synergy index of 6.16 (95 %CI: 2.70-9.61), 1.83 (95 %CI: 1.46-2.30), and 0.42 (95 %CI: 0.31-0.53), respectively; and between treatment status and gender. There was a synergistic interaction between treatment status and sex, with relative excess of interaction, attributable proportions of interaction, and synergy index of 2.63 (95 %CI: 1.14-4.13), 1.56 (95 %CI: 1.19-2.06), and 0.32 (95 %CI: 0.17-0.46), respectively. The cause of death composition were 38.53% (249 cases) attributed to hepatitis C-related causes.The leading non-hepatitis C-related causes of death were cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, pulmonary diseases, malignancies, drug overdose, and injuries. In conclusion, hepatitis C cases ≥18 years of age in Yuxi City had a lower cumulative mortality rate when treated than when untreated. Treatment status interacted with age and gender on patient survival, respectively. Changes in patients with concomitant cardiovascular diseases, pulmonary diseases and malignancies should be focused.

Objective:To investigate the construction of fluorinated human serum albumin (F-HSA) nanoparticles loaded with epirubicin (EPI) EPI@F-HSA and its potential in urothelium penetration after bladder perfusion in female C57 mice.Methods:From January 2023 to December 2023, HSA and EPI were selected as raw materials to synthesize albumin nanoparticles loaded with EPI (EPI@HSA) based on the principles of biomineralization. EPI@F-HSA was synthesized through an amide reaction. The molecular descriptor of hydrated particles were measured by dynamic light scattering and potentiometric analyzer, and the release curve of EPI in vitro was plotted at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 h. The inhibitory effect of EPI@HSA and EPI@F-HSA nanoparticles on MB49 tumor cell activity was determined by MTT assay. The fluorescence distribution of EPI in mouse bladder sections after drug infusion was recorded by confocal microscope and the difference of fluorescence density of EPI was examined by Tukey post-hoc test to reflect the urothelium permeability.Results:The average hydrated particle sizes of EPI@HSA and EPI@F-HSA were 28.2 nm and 32.7 nm, respectively, and the polydispersity index (PDI) were 0.102 and 0.154. The cumulative EPI release of EPI@HSA and EPI@F-HSA nanoparticles within 12 h were 60.5% and 58.2% respectively in pH 5.0 buffer solution, and were 32.8% and 27.1% in pH 7.4 buffer solution. The median inhibitory concentrations of EPI@HSA and EPI@F-HSA nanoparticles on MB49 bladder cancer cells were 1.848 μmol/L and 1.650 μmol/L respectively. After perfusion with EPI, EPI@HSA, and EPI@F-HSA, the fluorescence intensities of EPI in the bladder wall were 2.63±0.43, 3.22±0.20 and 8.71±0.70, respectively, and the EPI fluorescence intensity of EPI@F-HSA was significantly higher than that of EPI@HSA ( P<0.01) and free EPI ( P<0.01). Conclusions:The fluorinated albumin nanoparticles had uniform particle size, good stability, significant inhibition of tumor cell activity and osmotic potential in urothelium, which had the potential to improve the anti-tumor efficacy and were expected to become a new drug delivery system targeting bladder cancer.

Objective:To investigate the construction of fluorinated human serum albumin (F-HSA) nanoparticles loaded with epirubicin (EPI) EPI@F-HSA and its potential in urothelium penetration after bladder perfusion in female C57 mice.Methods:From January 2023 to December 2023, HSA and EPI were selected as raw materials to synthesize albumin nanoparticles loaded with EPI (EPI@HSA) based on the principles of biomineralization. EPI@F-HSA was synthesized through an amide reaction. The molecular descriptor of hydrated particles were measured by dynamic light scattering and potentiometric analyzer, and the release curve of EPI in vitro was plotted at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 h. The inhibitory effect of EPI@HSA and EPI@F-HSA nanoparticles on MB49 tumor cell activity was determined by MTT assay. The fluorescence distribution of EPI in mouse bladder sections after drug infusion was recorded by confocal microscope and the difference of fluorescence density of EPI was examined by Tukey post-hoc test to reflect the urothelium permeability.Results:The average hydrated particle sizes of EPI@HSA and EPI@F-HSA were 28.2 nm and 32.7 nm, respectively, and the polydispersity index (PDI) were 0.102 and 0.154. The cumulative EPI release of EPI@HSA and EPI@F-HSA nanoparticles within 12 h were 60.5% and 58.2% respectively in pH 5.0 buffer solution, and were 32.8% and 27.1% in pH 7.4 buffer solution. The median inhibitory concentrations of EPI@HSA and EPI@F-HSA nanoparticles on MB49 bladder cancer cells were 1.848 μmol/L and 1.650 μmol/L respectively. After perfusion with EPI, EPI@HSA, and EPI@F-HSA, the fluorescence intensities of EPI in the bladder wall were 2.63±0.43, 3.22±0.20 and 8.71±0.70, respectively, and the EPI fluorescence intensity of EPI@F-HSA was significantly higher than that of EPI@HSA ( P<0.01) and free EPI ( P<0.01). Conclusions:The fluorinated albumin nanoparticles had uniform particle size, good stability, significant inhibition of tumor cell activity and osmotic potential in urothelium, which had the potential to improve the anti-tumor efficacy and were expected to become a new drug delivery system targeting bladder cancer.

Objective To explore the expression pattern of Micall2a gene during the early development of zebrafish embryos and the effect of this gene on zebrafish vascular development.MethodsWhole embryo in situ hybridization was used to detect Micall2a expression levels at different stages of early embryo development of Tg (fli:GFP) transgenic (labeled with green fluorescent protein) and wild type zebrafish (AB). Micall2a gene expression was downregulated by microinjection of a morpholine antisense oligonucleotide, and real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to detect mRNA expression of the gene at different developmental stages of zebrafish embryos. Laser confocal microscopy was used to observe and analyze vascular phenotypic changes in zebrafish after the downregulation of Micall2a. ResultsMicall2a was expressed in the brain, heart, and vascular system of zebrafish embryos at the 24th, 36th, and 48th hours post fertilization. The mRNA level of Micall2a increased after microinjection of morpholine antisense oligonucleotides, inhibiting vascular development in zebrafish embryos, resulting in internode angiogenesis defects in zebrafish. ConclusionDownregulation of Micall2a expression inhibits the development of blood vessels in zebrafish.

Sarcopenia is observed to have age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass, muscle strength and physical performance, which can be an effective prognostic indicator for postoperative complications and poor survival outcomes in tumor patients. Sarcopenia could reflect tumor-host interactions and has the advantages in accuracy and generality compared with traditional predictors. This paper reviews the research progress of sarcopenia in predicting the prognosis of genitourinary tumors.

Objective:To investigate whether knee osteoarthritis has an impact on the patient′s depression and whether it′s progression will affect the patient′s depression, and to provide a reference for clinical work.Methods:Patients diagnosed with osteoarthritis in Dalian Central Hospital from 2016 to 2019 were divided into 4 groups according to Kellgren-Lawrence staging, and the patients were scored on WOMAC scale, AKSS clinical scale, and AKSS. The score of the scale and the score of the HAMD scale were collected and statistically analyzed using SPSS 17.0.Results:χ2 test was used to show that there was no difference in the gender composition of patients in different stages ( P<0.05). The AKSS clinical scale score, AKSS functional scale score, WOMAC scale score and HAMD scale score were statistically analyzed for each stage. The results showed that the average AKSS clinical scores of patients in each stage were as follows: stage Ⅰ: (90.01 ± 8.41) points; stage Ⅱ: (79.98 ± 10.93) points; stage Ⅲ: (71.78 ± 13.64) points; stage Ⅳ: (54.18 ± 12.58) points. The AKSS functional scores were as follows, stage Ⅰ: 100 points; stage Ⅱ: 80 points; stage Ⅲ: 70 points; stage Ⅳ: 45 points; the average WOMAC scale scores of patients in each stage were as follows, stage Ⅰ: (28.69 ± 19.22) points ; stage Ⅱ: (49.43 ± 22.69) points; stage Ⅲ (70.13 ± 24.84) points; stage Ⅳ: (107.79 ± 24.39) points. The average HAMD scale scores of patients in each stage were as follows, stage Ⅰ: (4.89 ± 3.42) points; stage Ⅱ: (7.65 ± 4.20) points; Stage Ⅲ: (9.05 ± 5.03) points; stage Ⅳ: (12.35 ± 5.41) points. The analysis showed that there were significant statistical differences in the scale scores between each period ( P<0.05). There was a correlation between the patient′s depression status and the patient′s age, pain, and joint function, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). Conclusions:There is a significant correlation between depression and pain and function in patients with knee osteoarthritis. The progress of the osteoarthritis course will aggravate the patient′s depression state. Conversely, the patient′s depression state can also aggravate the symptoms of osteoarthritis patients and affect the clinical efficacy of the patients.

Objective To evaluate the value of ATP content of CD4+ T lymphocytes in the diagnosis of infection and its correlation with drug concentrations in renal transplant recipients.Methods 45 renal transplant recipients were reviewed from May 2010 to October 2011.There were 33males and 12 females,aged from 21 to 58 years old.The recipients were divided into non-infection group (n =34) and infection group (n =11) according to their clinical manifestation.11 cases of infection were diagnosed by the chest X-ray,CT imaging manifestations and etiological examination,among them 5 cases were pulmonary infection,4 cases were upper respiratory infection,1 case was urinary tract infection and 1 case was perineal abscess.23 healthy volunteers were enrolled as the control group.They were detected ATP content of CD4+T lymphocytes by Immuknow method.Thetrough concentrations of the FK506 and CsA were detected by microparticle enzyme immunoassay and fluorescence polarization immunoassay,respectively.The hs-CRP concentration was detected by immunoturbidimetry.Results The ATP content of CD4+ T lymphocytes of the control group,non infection group and the infection group were (295±74) μg/L,(35± 189) μg/L and (212± 155) μg/L respectively.The levels of ATP of infection group were obviously lower than the control group and non-infection group.There were statistically differences (P ＜0.05).24 recipients were followed up dynamicly.There were 4 cases whose ATP value was lower than the postoperative average levels in 5 infection recipients.The hs-CRP concentration of infection group were (12.4±4.8) mg/L,obviously higher than the non infection group's (3.3 ± 4.7) mg/L and the control group' s (0.5 ± 0.5) mg/L.There were statistically differences (P＜0.05).The ATP content of CD4+ T lymphocytes were no significant associated with drug trough concentrations (P＞0.05).Conclusions Low ATP level after renal transplantation is a risk factor for infection recipients.Immuknow cell function assay can make up for the inadequacy of the drug concentration monitoring,reduce the risk of infection,and guide clinical immunosuppressive adjustment.