Objective: To explore the relationship between beverage dependence and sleep quality among college students, providing empirical evidence for improving their sleep quality. Methods: From December 2024 to January 2025, a convenience sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey among 3 974 college students from four universities in Anhui Province. The Beverage Addiction Scale for College Students (BASCS) was used to assess beverage dependence, and the Self rating Scale of Sleep(SRSS) was used to evaluate sleep quality. A multivariate Logistic regression model was employed to analyze the relationship between beverage dependence and sleep quality, and a restricted cubic spline model was used to examine the dose response relationship between the two. Results: The positive rate of beverage dependence symptoms among college students was 7.6%, with positive rates of 9.6%, 13.8%, and 7.4% for the withdrawal symptoms, health effects, and dependence symptoms dimensions, respectively. The detection rate of sleep disorders was 23.6%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for covariates such as grade, gender, and body mass index, compared with the no beverage dependence group, students with positive beverage dependence symptoms had a higher risk of sleep disorders( OR =3.71, 95% CI =2.87-4.80, P <0.01). The OR (95% CI ) for sleep disorders among students with positive symptoms in the withdrawal symptoms, health effects, and dependence symptoms dimensions were 2.80(2.22-3.53), 2.38(1.95-2.91), and 2.45(1.89-3.18)(all P <0.01). Further analysis using a restricted cubic spline model revealed that the overall beverage dependence score and its three dimensional scores were approximately linearly related to the risk of sleep disorders among college students (all nonlinear P >0.05). Conclusions Beverage dependence is associated with sleep quality among college students. Schools should take multiple approaches, such as health education on beverage awareness, to improve students sleep quality.

Bone remodeling and bone regeneration are essential for preserving skeletal integrity and maintaining mineral homeostasis.T cells,as key members of adaptive immunity,play a pivotal role in bone remodeling and bone regeneration by producing a range of cytokines and growth factors.In the physiological state,T cells are involved in the maintenance of bone homeostasis through interactions with mesenchymal stem cells,osteoblasts,and osteoclasts.In pathological states,T cells participate in the pathological process of different types of osteoporosis through interaction with estrogen,glucocorticoids,and parathyroid hormone.During fracture healing for post-injury repair,T cells play different roles during the inflammatory hematoma phase,the bone callus formation phase and the bone remodeling phase.Targeting T cells thus emerges as a potential strategy for regulating bone homeostasis.This article reviews the research progress on related mechanisms of T cells immunity involved in bone remodeling and bone regeneration,with a view to providing a scientific basis for targeting T cells to regulate bone remodeling and bone regeneration.

Objective:To analyze the effect of transtracheal pressure (TTP) on the application of a speaking valve in critically ill patients after tracheostomy.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted of 50 patients wearing a speaking valve after tracheostomy. Patients who had been wearing a speaking valve for 30min or more were the tolerance group, while those with less than 30min were the intolerance group. Transtracheal pressure was monitored during resting breathing, forced expiration and speaking. Linear regression models were evaluated to isolate the factors best predicting tolerance. The changes in respiratory muscle contraction before and after wearing a speaking valvs were evaluated using ultrasound. The patients′ satisfaction with wearing a speaking valve was also recorded.Results:TTP during speaking significantly predicted tolerance. The baseline values of diaphragmatic thickening fraction and physical functioning also positively predicted tolerance. Acute physiology and chronic health (APACHE II) score was a significant negative predictor. After wearing the speaking valve, the average contraction of the rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique and transverse abdominis muscles increased significantly. Both groups expressed high satisfaction with the speaking valves.Conclusions:Transtracheal pressure during speaking can help predict the tolerance for wearing a speaking valve among critically ill patients after a tracheostomy. Baseline diaphragmatic thickening fraction, physical functioning and APACHE II score can predict the duration of speaking valve tolerance.

Objective To explore the influencing factors of the collateral circulation formation in patients with acute cerebral infarction.Methods Three hundred and fifty-two patients with acute cerebral infarction were included in this study,the clinical date of their head and neck 256 slice spiral CT angiography (CTA)examination was analyzed.According to the formation of collateral circulation in the head and neck CTA imaging results,it is divided into the collateral circulation group and the non-collateral circulation group.The clinical data of the two groups were compared.The influencing factors of the formation of collateral circulation in patients with acute cerebral infarction were analyzed by single factor analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results (1)In 352 cases of acute cerebral infarction,197 cases(56.0%)had collaterals,155 cases (44.0%)had none collateral.(2)Single factor analysis showed that age(t=-2.860,P=0.004),hypertension combined with diabetes(χ2 = 10.709,P= 0.001),history of TIA(χ2 = 4.626,P= 0.034),low density lipoprotein(t=-2.176,P=0.030),high homocysteine(t=2.885,P=0.004),cerebral vascular stenosis(Z=-5.936,P=0.000),posterior circular lesions(χ2=8.548,P=0.004)were the influencing factors in the formation of collateral circulation.(3)Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that old age(OR=1.031;95%CI=1.008-1.054;P=0.007),hypertension combined with diabetes(OR= 2.009;95%CI=1.159-3.482;P=0.013),high homocysteine(OR=1.023;95%CI,1.005-1.041;P=0.014),circular lesions(OR=1.727;95%CI=1.063-2.804;P=0.027)were relatively independent risk factors in acute cerebral infarction patients with none circulation,the degree of cerebral vascular stenosis(OR=0.507;95%CI=0.389-0.661;P=0.000),low density lipoprotein(OR=0.723;95%CI=0.532-0.982;P=0.038)served as protective factor.Conclusion Old age,hypertension combined with diabetes,high homocysteine and posterior circulation lesions are risk factors for the formation of collateral circulation in patients with acute cerebral infarction,cerebral vascular stenosis degree and low density lipoprotein can promote the formation of collateral circulation.

Objective To explore the effect of comprehensive nursing intervention on ICGR15, psychological ability and self-care ability of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated by transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization.Methods A total of 140 patients received transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization in our hospital were divided into control group (n=70) and experimental group (n=70) according to the different nursing methods.The control group received routine nursing care and the experimental group received comprehensive nursing intervention.The ICGR15 level, psychological ability and self-care ability of two groups were observed and compared.The postoperative complications were recorded.Results After nursing, the ICGR15 level in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.01).The psychological ability and self-care ability of the experimental group were better than that of the control group(P<0.01).The total complication rate of the experimental group was 12.86% (9/70), which was significantly lower than 34.29%(24/70) of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.01).Conclusion Comprehensive nursing intervention can effectively reduce the damage of liver reserve function and the incidence of complications, and improve the patient''s psychological and self-care ability.So it is worthy of clinical promotion.

Objective To explore the effect of comprehensive nursing intervention on ICGR15, psychological ability and self-care ability of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated by transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization.Methods A total of 140 patients received transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization in our hospital were divided into control group (n=70) and experimental group (n=70) according to the different nursing methods.The control group received routine nursing care and the experimental group received comprehensive nursing intervention.The ICGR15 level, psychological ability and self-care ability of two groups were observed and compared.The postoperative complications were recorded.Results After nursing, the ICGR15 level in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.01).The psychological ability and self-care ability of the experimental group were better than that of the control group(P<0.01).The total complication rate of the experimental group was 12.86% (9/70), which was significantly lower than 34.29%(24/70) of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.01).Conclusion Comprehensive nursing intervention can effectively reduce the damage of liver reserve function and the incidence of complications, and improve the patient''s psychological and self-care ability.So it is worthy of clinical promotion.

Objective To observe the effects of autophagy on the expression of synaptic plasticity related protein, growth-associated pro-tein-43 (GAP-43) and microtubule associated protein-2 (MAP-2), in CA1 area of hippocampus of vascular dementia rats. Methods Nine-ty-six healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham group, vascular dementia model group (VD group), autophagy in-hibitor 3-methyl adenine preconditioning group (3-MA group) and autophagy agonist rapamycin preconditioning group (Rap group). Each group was divided randomly into subgroups of one week, two weeks, four weeks and eight weeks after modeling, six rats in each group. The vascular dementia rat model was established with modified Pulsineli's four-vessel occlusion. The expression of GAP-43 and MAP-2 in CA1 area of hippocampus were detected with immunohistochemistry. Results Compared with the sham group, the expression of GAP-43 protein increased, and the expression of MAP-2 protein decreased at every time point in VD group (P<0.01). Compared with VD group, the expres-sion of both GAP-43 and MAP-2 increased in 3-MA group (P<0.05), and decreased in Rap group (P<0.05). Conclusion Autophagy may in-hibit the expression of synaptic plasticity related protein, GAP-43 and MAP-2, in CA1 area of hippocampus in vascular dementia rats, indi-cating inhibition of autophagy may promote synaptic remodeling.

Objective To analyze the prevalence and clinical features of cytomegalovirus (CMV)infection in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods Patients with SLE in Peking University Third Hospital from 2013 to 2015 and age and sex matched healthy controls were enrolled.All patients were detected for CMV antibody,CMV DNA and CMV PP65 in the blood.The prevalence of CMV infection and the clinical characteristics were analyzed using Chi-square test.Results Altogether 349 SLE patients and 209 healthy controls were enrolled.In SLE group,the positive rate of CMV IgG was 90.3％ (315/349),which was similar to that of the control group,while the positive rate of CMV IgM was 8.0％ (28/349),which wassignificantly higher than controls 1.4％(3/209) (x2=10.811,P=0.001),and the active CMV infection rate was 69.1％(241/349).Those in the active phase of SLE were more likely to have active CMV infection when compared with those in remission [75.4％(93/256) vs 51.6％(48/93),x2=18.049,P＜0.01].The percentage [43.2％(104/241)] of severe patients in those with active CMV infection was much higher than that in those without CMV infection 9.2％(10/108) (x2=38.953,P＜0.01).Those SLE patients had active CMV infection were clinically more severe and the most common clinical manifestation were proteinuria/hemoturia,cytopenia and fever.Conclusion In SLE patients,the positive rate of CMV IgM is significantly higher than healthy control and the prevalence of active CMV infection is high,especially in those at active disease.Those with active CMV infection are clinically more severe but have no features of active CMV infection,which indicates that the CMV infection might be a trigger of SLE activity.

Objective To investigate the clinical and radiographic features of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with cervical subluxations.Methods The clinical, laboratory and imaging data of 68 RA patients who were hospitalized to our hospital because of cervical syndrome were retrospectively reviewed.The patients were divided into two groups depend based on whether cervical spine subluxations presented or not.Mann-Whitney U test, t test and Person correlation, x2 test were used for statistical analysis.Results This study confirmed the high frequency (11.6％, 39/335) of radiological cervical subluxations in RA patients.The nNeck pain was a common symptom, accounting for 87％ (34/39).Other symptoms included limb numbness 59％ (23/39).The rate of positive C-reactive protein (CRP) in the subluxation group was both significantly higher than that of the non-subluxation group [89％(24/27) vs 59％(16/27),x2=6.17, P＜0.01].Anterior atlantoaxial subluxation (AAS) was the most common form, accounting for 95％(37/39) of all cervical subluxations,followed by vertical subluxation (VS), accounting for 18％ (7/39).Subaxial subluxation (SAS) of the lower cervical vertebrae was less common (5.1％).The ratio of bone destruction, spinal stenosis, spinal cord compression in image findings of the subluxation group was significantly higher than that of the non-subluxation group (x2=7.96, x2=6.12, x2=4.89, P＜0.05).But more hyperostosis and osteosclerosis feature of the non-subluxation group could be observed more hyperostosis and osteosclerosis feature (x2=6.21, P＜0.05).PADI correlated with ADI (r=-0.588, P=0.015).Conclusion This study confirms the high frequency of radiological cervical involvement in patients with RA.AAS is the most common form of cervical involvement and may occur either independently or concomitantly with cranial settling and subaxial subluxation.

[Abstract ] Objective The purpose of this study was to observe the effects of dl-3n-butylphthalide (NBP) sodium chloride injection post-processing on the expressions of X-inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) and Bcl-2/adenovirus E1B19kDa interacting protein 3 (BNIP3) in the hippocampus CA1 neurons of focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion (IR) rats, and to investigate the brain-protection mechanisms of NBP. Methods A total of65 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups of equal number, sham op-eration, IR, and low-,medium -and high-dose NBP, according to the random number table. The IR models were established by modified ligation of the middle cerebral artery.The animals in the NBP groups received intra-abdominal injection of NBP at 2, 4, and 6 mg/kg, re-spectively.All the rats were sacrificed at 24 hours after modeling,neurological scores obtained by Zea Longa, the volume of infarction measured by TTC staining, the number of apoptotic cells counted by TUNEL, and the expressions of XIAP and BNIP3 detected by immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR. Results The neural function defect scores were markedly lower in low-, medium-and high-dose NBP groups than in IR model rats (P<0.05), with statis-tically significant differences among the three dose groups (P<0.05).The volume of infarction was remarkably higher in the low-dose than in the medium-and high-dose NBP groups (P<0.05).The number of apoptotic cells in the hippocampus CA1 neurons was de-creased in the NBP groups as compared with the IR models (P<0.05).The XIAP-and BNIP3-positive cells were significantly in-creased in the IR model rats as compared with the sham operation group ([22.31 ±0.94] and [60.13 ±2.59]/HP vs [3.07 ±1.43] and [5.78 ±0.44]/HP, P<0.05).In comparison with the IR models, the NBP-treated rats showed a progressively increased number of XIAP-positive cells in low-, medium-, and high-dose groups ([28.70 ±1.18], [32.79 ±0.88], and [37.01 ±1.24]/HP) (P<0.05) but a decreased number of BNIP3-positive cells in the three dose groups ([52.07 ±1.02], [40.30 ±2.00], and [31.04 ± 0.43]/HP) (P<0.05).Similarly, the expression of XIAP mRNA was up-regulated while that of BNIP3 mRNA down-regulated in the NBP treatment groups as compared with the IR model rats, both in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). Conclusion NBP post-processing has a neuroprotective effect on IR rats, which is associated with its impact on the expressions of XIAP and BNIP3.