Objective:To improve the understanding of craniocerebral diseases and aeromedical assessment from the perspective of imaging by analyzing the results of craniocerebral MRI examination of military flying personnel.Methods:The results of craniocerebral MRI examination were retrospectively analyzed among the military flying personnel who underwent annual physical examination in Air Force Healthcare Center for Special Services Hangzhou from September of 2020 to December of 2021. They were divided into 20-29 years group, 30-39 years group, 40-49 years group, 50-59 years group according to the age, and they were divided into fighter pilots, bomb-transporter pilots, helicopter pilots, air combat/technical personnel according to the aircraft type and post. The detection of craniocerebral MRI examination results of the flying personnel in different age groups and aircraft type and post groups were compared. The influence of abnormal results on the conclusion of aeromedical assessment was analyzed. The α level of statistical analysis was set at 0.05, and the difference was statistically significant with P< α/statistical count for pairwise comparison among groups. Results:Among the craniocerebral MRI examination results of 975 military flying personnel, 473 cases were with no obvious abnormality, 194 were anatomical variation of Willis circle, 27 were congenital brain malformation, 54 were cerebrovascular disease, 279 were white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), 22 were tumor and tumor-like lesions, 26 were arachnoid cyst, 29 were empty sella, 7 were intracranial calcinosis and 2 were craniocerebral trauma. The proportion of no obvious abnormality in 20-29 years group and 30-39 years group were higher than those in other age groups; the detection rates of WMHs in 40-49 years group and 50-59 years group was higher than those in the other age groups; the detection rates of cerebrovascular diseases and empty sella in 50-59 years group were higher than those in the other age groups, and the differences were significant (all P< α/6=0.008). The proportion of no obvious abnormality in fighter pilots and helicopter pilots were higher than those in others; the detection rate of WMHs in air combat/technical personnel was higher than that in others; the detection rate of arachnoid cyst in bomb-transporter pilots was higher than that in fighter pilots, and the differences were significant (all P< α/6=0.008). Most of the abnormal results detected by craniocerebral MRI examination had no significant impact on the conclusion of aeromedical assessment, and those with greater impact were cerebrovascular disease, tumor and tumor-like lesions (both P< α/351=0.001). Conclusions:The MRI examination not only preliminarily explains the basic characteristics of the distribution of craniocerebral diseases among military flying personnel of different ages, aircraft types and posts from the perspective of imaging, but also provides the basis for dynamic follow-up and accurate aeromedical assessment.

Objective:To improve the understanding of craniocerebral diseases and aeromedical assessment from the perspective of imaging by analyzing the results of craniocerebral MRI examination of military flying personnel.Methods:The results of craniocerebral MRI examination were retrospectively analyzed among the military flying personnel who underwent annual physical examination in Air Force Healthcare Center for Special Services Hangzhou from September of 2020 to December of 2021. They were divided into 20-29 years group, 30-39 years group, 40-49 years group, 50-59 years group according to the age, and they were divided into fighter pilots, bomb-transporter pilots, helicopter pilots, air combat/technical personnel according to the aircraft type and post. The detection of craniocerebral MRI examination results of the flying personnel in different age groups and aircraft type and post groups were compared. The influence of abnormal results on the conclusion of aeromedical assessment was analyzed. The α level of statistical analysis was set at 0.05, and the difference was statistically significant with P< α/statistical count for pairwise comparison among groups. Results:Among the craniocerebral MRI examination results of 975 military flying personnel, 473 cases were with no obvious abnormality, 194 were anatomical variation of Willis circle, 27 were congenital brain malformation, 54 were cerebrovascular disease, 279 were white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), 22 were tumor and tumor-like lesions, 26 were arachnoid cyst, 29 were empty sella, 7 were intracranial calcinosis and 2 were craniocerebral trauma. The proportion of no obvious abnormality in 20-29 years group and 30-39 years group were higher than those in other age groups; the detection rates of WMHs in 40-49 years group and 50-59 years group was higher than those in the other age groups; the detection rates of cerebrovascular diseases and empty sella in 50-59 years group were higher than those in the other age groups, and the differences were significant (all P< α/6=0.008). The proportion of no obvious abnormality in fighter pilots and helicopter pilots were higher than those in others; the detection rate of WMHs in air combat/technical personnel was higher than that in others; the detection rate of arachnoid cyst in bomb-transporter pilots was higher than that in fighter pilots, and the differences were significant (all P< α/6=0.008). Most of the abnormal results detected by craniocerebral MRI examination had no significant impact on the conclusion of aeromedical assessment, and those with greater impact were cerebrovascular disease, tumor and tumor-like lesions (both P< α/351=0.001). Conclusions:The MRI examination not only preliminarily explains the basic characteristics of the distribution of craniocerebral diseases among military flying personnel of different ages, aircraft types and posts from the perspective of imaging, but also provides the basis for dynamic follow-up and accurate aeromedical assessment.

The CD19-targeting bispecific T-cell engager blinatumomab has shown remarkable efficacy in patients with relapsed/refractory B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. However, several studies showed that blinatumomab has a short plasma half-life due to its low molecular weight, and thus its clinical use is limited. Furthermore, multiple trials have shown that approximately 30% of blinatumomab-relapsed cases are characterized by CD19 negative leukemic cells. Here, we design and characterize two novel antibodies, A-319 and A-2019. Blinatumomab and A-319 are CD3/CD19 bispecific antibodies with different molecular sizes and structures, and A-2019 is a novel CD3/CD19/CD20 trispecific antibody with an additional anti-CD20 function. Our in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo experiments demonstrated that A-319 and A-2019 are potent antitumor agents and capable of recruiting CD3 positive T cells, enhancing T-cell function, mediating B-cell depletion, and eventually inhibiting tumor growth in Raji xenograft models. The two molecules are complementary in terms of efficacy and specificity profile. The activity of A-319 demonstrated superior to that of A-2019, whereas A-2019 has an additional capability to target CD20 in cells missing CD19, suggesting its potential function against CD19 weak or negative CD20 positive leukemic cells.
Antigens, CD19/therapeutic use* ; Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology* ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/drug therapy* ; T-Lymphocytes

Objective:To explore the influential factors of lumbar inter-vertebral disc degeneration and provide the references on flying personnel′s recruitment, physical checkup for transformation and medical identification.Methods:Lumbar MRI images and relevant data of 458 flying personnel who underwent medical identification in the Second Area of Air Force Healthcare Center for Special Services Hangzhou from March 2018 to May 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Two thousand two hundred and ninety lumbar inter-vertebral discs of 458 flying personnel were semi quantitatively scored according to the Pfirrmann standard. The sum of five inter-vertebral disc scores of each flying personnel was taken as the lumbar inter-vertebral disc degenerative factor (LIVDDF). This factor was taken as the dependent variable ( y), and the age ( x1), height ( x2), weight ( x3), and flying hours ( x4) of flying personnel were taken as independent variables for linear regression analysis. The subgroup analysis was carried out based on the grouping of aircraft type and flight post. Results:The range of LIVDDF was 5-18, with an average of 10.87±2.83. Total analysis showed that age and weight were the influential factors of lumbar inter-vertebral disc degeneration in flying personnel. The regression equation was y=1.029+0.182 x1+0.038 x3 ( r=0.68, P<0.01). Subgroup analysis on the different aircraft types showed that the influential factor was age in the fighter subgroup. The regression equation was y=2.569+0.225 x1 ( r=0.59, P<0.01). Age and height were the influential factors in the trans-bomber aircraft subgroup. The regression equation was y=-8.848+0.186 x1+7.160 x2( r=0.69, P<0.01). Flying hours was the influential factor in the helicopter subgroup. The regression equation was y=7.823+0.001 x4 ( r=0.65, P<0.01). Subgroup analysis on different flight post showed that the influential factors were age in flying personnel. The regression equation was y=3.176+0.207 x1 ( r=0.65, P<0.01). Age and weight were the influential factors in crew members. The regression equation was y=-0.113+0.171 x1+0.056 x3( r=0.74, P<0.01). Conclusions:Age and weight are the main influential factors of lumbar inter-vertebral disc degeneration in flying personnel, but these factors show different influence on aircraft type and flight post. Due to the small sample size in this study, aviation related factors are not fully included. So other influential factors of lumbar inter-vertebral disc degeneration of flying personnel may exist.

Objective:To explore the influential factors of lumbar inter-vertebral disc degeneration and provide the references on flying personnel′s recruitment, physical checkup for transformation and medical identification.Methods:Lumbar MRI images and relevant data of 458 flying personnel who underwent medical identification in the Second Area of Air Force Healthcare Center for Special Services Hangzhou from March 2018 to May 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Two thousand two hundred and ninety lumbar inter-vertebral discs of 458 flying personnel were semi quantitatively scored according to the Pfirrmann standard. The sum of five inter-vertebral disc scores of each flying personnel was taken as the lumbar inter-vertebral disc degenerative factor (LIVDDF). This factor was taken as the dependent variable ( y), and the age ( x1), height ( x2), weight ( x3), and flying hours ( x4) of flying personnel were taken as independent variables for linear regression analysis. The subgroup analysis was carried out based on the grouping of aircraft type and flight post. Results:The range of LIVDDF was 5-18, with an average of 10.87±2.83. Total analysis showed that age and weight were the influential factors of lumbar inter-vertebral disc degeneration in flying personnel. The regression equation was y=1.029+0.182 x1+0.038 x3 ( r=0.68, P<0.01). Subgroup analysis on the different aircraft types showed that the influential factor was age in the fighter subgroup. The regression equation was y=2.569+0.225 x1 ( r=0.59, P<0.01). Age and height were the influential factors in the trans-bomber aircraft subgroup. The regression equation was y=-8.848+0.186 x1+7.160 x2( r=0.69, P<0.01). Flying hours was the influential factor in the helicopter subgroup. The regression equation was y=7.823+0.001 x4 ( r=0.65, P<0.01). Subgroup analysis on different flight post showed that the influential factors were age in flying personnel. The regression equation was y=3.176+0.207 x1 ( r=0.65, P<0.01). Age and weight were the influential factors in crew members. The regression equation was y=-0.113+0.171 x1+0.056 x3( r=0.74, P<0.01). Conclusions:Age and weight are the main influential factors of lumbar inter-vertebral disc degeneration in flying personnel, but these factors show different influence on aircraft type and flight post. Due to the small sample size in this study, aviation related factors are not fully included. So other influential factors of lumbar inter-vertebral disc degeneration of flying personnel may exist.

Stem cells transfer normal functional mitochondria to injured lung cells and reconstruct their function, which is one of the important mechanisms of stem cells in the treatment of lung injury. Mitochondrial translocation is mediated by intercellular gap junction (GJCs), which is unidirectional. This paper reviewed the research of stem cells for the treatment of lung injury mitochondrial transfer mechanism, to understand the clinical significance of lung mitochondria in physiological and pathological roles of mitochondria and transfer mechanisms of stem cells for the treatment of various types of lung injury.