After continuous development and improvement, lung transplantation has become the preferred means to treat a variety of benign end-stage lung diseases. However, the field of lung transplantation still faces many challenges, including shortage of donor resources, preservation and maintenance of donor lungs, and postoperative complications. Lung tissue samples removed after lung transplantation are excellent clinical resources for the study of benign end-stage lung disease and perioperative complications of lung transplantation. However, at present, the collection, storage and utilization of tissue samples after lung transplantation are limited to a single study, and unified technical specifications have not been formed. Based on the construction plan of the biobank for lung transplantation in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, this study reviewed the practical experience in the collection, storage and utilization of lung transplant tissue samples in the aspects of ethical review, staffing, collection process, storage method, quality control and efficient utilization, in order to provide references for lung transplant related research.

Supercooling preservation technology, as a groundbreaking innovation in the field of organ preservation, significantly reduces the metabolic rate of cells and inhibits ice crystal formation by placing organs in a low-temperature environment near or below the freezing point. This technology extends the preservation time of organs and maintains their biological activity. Compared with the traditional low-temperature preservation at 4 °C, supercooling preservation effectively avoids cell damage and the accumulation of metabolic products, demonstrating significant advantages in the preservation of cells, tissues and organs. In recent years, important progress has been made in the optimization of cryoprotectants, the application of antifreeze proteins, the improvement of vitrification technology, and the development of nanotechnology-based rewarming techniques. These advancements provide new pathways to address the challenges of toxicity, ice crystal formation and uneven rewarming rates during supercooling preservation. This review summarizes the basic principles of supercooling preservation, the application of key technologies, and their practical effects in organ transplantation. It also analyzes the challenges of toxicity and rewarming efficiency, aiming to provide theoretical support and research directions for the future optimization of organ low-temperature preservation technology and its clinical application.

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of different right lung volume reduction techniques when the donor lung is oversized and mismatched with the recipient. Methods Clinical data of 10 recipients who underwent right lung volume reduction lung transplantation at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from October 2022 to June 2024 were collected, including gender, age, primary disease type, and type of transplantation. A retrospective analysis was performed on postoperative complications within 90 days, duration of mechanical ventilation, hospital stay, and survival status to explore the impact of different volume reduction techniques on the survival rate of lung transplant recipients. Results A total of 10 right lung volume reduction recipients were included in this study, with 2 cases of upper lobe reduction, 7 cases of middle lobe reduction, and 1 case of lower lobe reduction. Three recipients developed airway complications (one each with upper, middle, and lower lobe reduction). The 30-day survival rate was 90% and the 1-year survival rate was 70%. One recipient with upper lobe reduction died of septic shock during the perioperative period, one with lower lobe reduction died of airway anastomotic fistula 2 months after surgery, and one with middle lobe reduction died of renal insufficiency 1 year after surgery. All 7 recipients with middle lobe reduction successfully passed the perioperative period, with one case of airway anastomotic stenosis (1/7). The average duration of mechanical ventilation was 71 hours, and the average hospital stay was 26 days. The 30-day survival rate was 7/7, and the 1-year survival rate was 6/7. Conclusions Middle lobe reduction in right lung transplantation surgery has the advantages of low incidence of airway complications, good safety, and minimal loss of lung function, and may be a better right lung volume reduction option with potential for application.

Surgery is a classic traditional method for the treatment of early-stage esophageal cancer, and it is also recognized as an effective first-choice method in the medical community. With the development of endoscopic technology, esophagus-preserving comprehensive treatment of esophageal cancer has almost the same or even better effects in some aspects in the treatment of early esophageal cancer than surgery. Many clinical guidelines have also recommended it as the first-choice treatment for early esophageal cancer. The room for surgical treatment of esophageal cancer has been further compressed. This article discusses the comprehensive treatment model of esophageal cancer from the perspective of thoracic surgery, aiming to find a new position of thoracic surgery in the treatment of esophageal cancer.

Objective:The extensive development of anatomical pulnonary segmentectomy requires thoracic surgeons to be familiar with the anatomical variations of the lung segment. The purpose of this study is to analyze the anatomical patterns of the right upper lobe lung segment using three-dimensional reconstruction, and to count rare variant types.Methods:From October 2017 to March 2020, 101 patients with small pulmonary nodules who were undergo segmental resection in our center were subjected to preoperative three-dimensional reconstruction of the lung structure, and the reconstruction data was retained for the statistics and analysis of the anatomical structure in the right upper lung lobe.Results:The right upper lobe bronchus is the most common with three branches(77/101), followed by two branches(16/101) and four branches(7/101). The two branches(70/101) of the right upper lobe pulmonary artery are the most common, followed by single branch(19/101) and three branches(11/101). In rare cases, four branches(1/101 cases) can be seen. The two branches(63/101) of the right upper pulmonary vein were the most common, followed by three branches(32/101) and single branch(6/101). In addition, a total of 12 rare mutations were counted. There were 2 variants in the bronchus, totaling 2 cases; 4 rare variants in the pulmonary artery, 13 cases total; 6 rare variants in the pulmonary vein, 10 cases total.Conclusion:The lung anatomy is complex and has many variations. The surgeon should fully grasp the anatomical structure of the lung segment of the patient's operating area before surgery, the data in this article will be a valuable reference for thoracic surgeons to carry out the upper right lobe segmentectomy.

Objective: To evaluate the application of panning axial turnover in placement of surgical positions before thoracic surgery. Methods: From June 2017 to September 2017, altogether 140 patients who underwent thoracic surgery were enrolled in and randomly divided into two groups: the observation group and the control group. The control group was treated with traditional turnover method, while the observation group were treated with axial turnover. Results: No significant changes were found in blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory rate (P>0.05) after turning over. There was no significant difference between the observation group and the control group about turn over time, (7.06±0.78)s vs. (7.01±0.81)s (P>0.05). The subjective evaluation results of the medical staff in the observation group were significantly better than those of the control group (Z=-7.111, P<0.01) and the shift rate of double-lumen endotracheal tube in the observation group was 3.7% (2/54), which was significantly lower than 21.6% (11/51) of the control group (χ²=6.158, P<0.05). Conclusions The panning axial turnover properly guided the turn-over work with the principle of human body mechanics, which was more labor-saving and requires less operators. Besides, the panning axial turnover effectively reduced the double-lumen tracheal intubation shift rate. It′s worthy of clinical promotion.