BACKGROUND: Neuroticism has been associated with numerous health outcomes. However, most research has focused on a single specific disorder and has produced controversial results, particularly regarding mortality risk. Here, we aimed to examine the association of neuroticism with morbidity and mortality and to elucidate how neuroticism affects trajectories from a healthy state, to one or more neuroticism-related disorders, and subsequent mortality risk. METHODS: We included 483,916 participants from the UK Biobank at baseline (2006-2010). Neuroticism was measured using the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. Three clusters were constructed, including worry, depressed affect, and sensitivity to environmental stress and adversity (SESA). Cox proportional hazards regression and multistate models were used. Linear regression was used to examine the association between neuroticism and immune parameters and neuroimaging measures. RESULTS: High neuroticism was associated with 37 non-overlapping diseases, including increased risk of infectious, cardiometabolic, neuropsychiatric, digestive, and respiratory diseases, and decreased risk of cancer. After adjustment for sociodemographic variables, physical measures, healthy behaviors, and baseline diagnoses, moderate-to-high neuroticism was associated with a decreased risk of all-cause mortality. In multistate models, high neuroticism was associated with an increased risk of transitions from a healthy state to a first neuroticism-related disease (hazard ratio [HR] [95% confidence interval (CI)] = 1.09 [1.05-1.13], P  <0.001) and subsequent transitions to multimorbidity (1.08 [1.02-1.14], P  = 0.005), but was associated with a decreased risk of transitions from multimorbidity to death (0.90 [0.84-0.97], P for trend = 0.006). The leading neuroticism cluster showing a detrimental role in the health-illness transition was depressed affect, which correlated with higher amygdala volume and lower insula volume. The protective effect of neuroticism against mortality was mainly contributed by the SESA cluster, which, unlike the other two clusters, did not affect the balance between innate and adaptive immunity. CONCLUSION This study provides new insights into the differential role of neuroticism in health outcomes and into new perspectives for establishing mortality prevention programs for patients with multimorbidity.
Humans ; Neuroticism/physiology* ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Adult ; Risk Factors

Objective:To investigate the cognitive function and its influencing factors among residents in Qingdao city.Methods:The 5 311 research subjects over 65 years old were selected from Qingdao by simple random sampling and stratified sampling. All subjects were investigated by AD8 dementia early screening questionnaire and community screening instrument dementia (CSI-D) to evaluate the prevalence of cognitive decline in this study.The score of AD8 dementia early screening questionnaire ≥2 points or the score of CSI-D ≤7 points was considered to be cognitive decline. Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-square test, Fisher exact probability method, univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis and Bootstrap verification were performed using SPSS 26.0 software. Results:Among 5 311 subjects, 1 899 subjects had normal cognitive function (35.76%) and 3 412 subjects had cognitive decline (64.24%). The age of the cognitive decline group was significantly higher than that of the normal group ( P<0.01). There were significant differences in gender, educational level, rural residents, marital status, chronic medical history, hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis, cerebrovascular disease, intervertebral disc disease, ischemic heart disease, monthly household income and alcohol consumption between the two groups (all P<0.05). Univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that female ( β=0.313, OR=1.367, 95% CI=1.221-1.530), age ( β=0.052, OR=1.053, 95% CI=1.043-1.063), rural residents ( β=0.850, OR=2.340, 95% CI=2.042-2.682), widowed ( β=0.557, OR=1.745, 95% CI=1.500-2.029), chronic medical history ( β=0.290, OR=1.336, 95% CI=1.191-1.498), hypertension ( β=0.134, OR=1.143, 95% CI=1.020-1.281), rheumatoid arthritis ( β=0.458, OR=1.581, 95% CI=1.222-2.046), cerebrovascular disease ( β=0.584, OR=1.794, 95% CI=1.352-2.380), intervertebral disc disease ( β=0.578, OR=1.782, 95% CI=1.370-2.319), ischemic heart disease ( β=0.501, OR=1.651, 95% CI=1.272-2.143) were the risk factors for cognitive decline. Higher education level, higher monthly household income and abstinence ( β=-0.244, OR=0.783, 95% CI=0.619-0.992) were protective factors for cognitive decline. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age ( β=0.035, OR=1.036, 95% CI=1.025-1.047), rural residents ( β=0.215, OR=1.239, 95% CI=1.047-1.468), chronic medical history ( β=0.191, OR=1.210, 95% CI=1.067-1.372), cerebrovascular disease ( β=0.480, OR=1.616, 95% CI=1.195-2.187), intervertebral disc disease ( β=0.456, OR=1.578, 95% CI=1.190-2.094) were risk factors for Alzheimer's disease. Higher education level and higher monthly household income were protective factors for Alzheimer's disease. Conclusion:The elderly with chronic diseases, low income and low education level may be at the high risk of cognitive function decline, which should be paid attention to in early screening and intervention.

We report a case of spinocerebellar ataxia type 8(SCA8)presenting with multisystem atrophic phenotype.The patient was a 57-year-old male with a 4-year course of illness with dizziness and ataxia as the first symptoms,followed by autonomic dysfunction and rapid eye movement sleep disorder.Neurological examination reveals autonomic dysfunction,nystagmus,dysarthria,ataxia,brain stem and cerebellar symmetrical atrophy and"hot cross bun"sign on MRI.The diagnosis of SCA8 was confirmed by the genetic testing which showed an abnormally high number of CTA/CTG repeats in the two alleles of the ATXN8OS.The patient responded well to symptomatic treatment such as ataxia and autonomic dysfunction.SCA8 is a rare movement disorder with high clinical heterogeneity.This report suggests that SCA8 can also present with autonomic dysfunction,ataxia,pontine"hot cross bun"sign and other characteristics similar to multisystem atrophy phenotype.Thus,it is necessary for clinicians to avoid misdiagnosis or missing the diagnosis of SCA8 presenting with multiple system atrophy cerebral type in clinical work.

Objective:To describe the characteristics and change trends of incidence, mortality and disease burden of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in Qingdao from 2014 to 2020.Methods:We analyzed the incidence data of AMI retrieved from Qingdao Chronic Diseases Surveillance System. The average annual percent change (AAPC) of morbidity and mortality of AMI were evaluated by using Joinpoint log-linear regression model. Disability adjusted life year (DALY) was used to estimate disease burden of AMI in Qingdao.Results:A total of 70 491 AMI cases and 50 832 deaths of AMI occurred in Qingdao from 2014 to 2020. The age-standardized morbidity and mortality were 54.71/100 000 and 36.55/100 000, respectively. During 2014-2020, the AAPC of age-standardized morbidity was 2.86% (95% CI: 0.42%-5.35%), and 4.30% (95% CI: 1.24%-7.45%) in men and 0.78% (95% CI: -0.89%-2.47%) in women, respectively. The log-linear regression model showed that age-standardized morbidity in age groups 30-39, 40-49 years increased rapidly, with the AAPCs of 8.92% (95% CI: 2.23%-16.06%) and 6.32% (95% CI: 3.30%-9.44%), respectively. The trend was also observed in age groups 30-39, 40-49 and 50-59 years in men, with the AAPCs of 11.25% (95% CI: 3.54%-19.54%), 6.73% (95% CI: 2.63%-10.99%) and 6.72% (95% CI: 2.98%-10.60%), respectively. There was no significant change in age-standardized mortality. The DALY rate increased from 7.49/1 000 in 2014 to 8.61/1 000 in 2020, with the AAPC of 1.97% (95% CI: 0.36%-3.60%). Conclusions:The age-standardized morbidity of AMI in men increased in Qingdao, especially in those aged 30-49 years, while age-standardized mortality rate of AMI was relatively stable from 2014 to 2020. The burden of disease of AMI increased in both men and women.

Spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) is a group of highly heterogeneous autosomal dominant genetic disease, including many subtypes. SCA11 is a rare subtype of SCA, and is caused by mutant TTBK2 gene. A case of SCA11 was reported in this article. Whole exome sequencing showed that there was a c.1284dupA frameshift mutation in TTBK2 gene. Literature review found that only 6 pedigrees of SCA11 have been reported, but the mutation site of this case is a novel identified mutation that has not been reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database.

The results of studies on the association between tea consumption and Parkinson’s disease (PD) have been inconsistent. Therefore, the aim of this study was to perform an updated meta-analysis to better resolve any association between tea consumption and PD. We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library– from their commencement to November 2016 – for qualified studies that evaluated the associations between tea drinking and risk of PD. A total of nine case–control studies and three prospective cohort studies were included. The meta-analysis showed that tea consumption was associated with a reduced risk of developing PD(OR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.69–0.98) when case–control studies and prospective cohort trials were considered together. Subgroup analysis on the category of tea consumption and risk of PD showed that black tea was not associated with PD (OR: 0.89; 95% CI, 0.64–1.24; I2 =0.0%), but other kinds of tea was associated with a reduced risk of developing PD (OR: 0.67; 95% CI, 0.48–0.95; I2 =0.0%). Subgroup analysis on the dose of tea consumption and PD risk showed that drinking more than one cup of tea daily was associated with a reduced risk of developing PD in case–control studies (OR: 0.38; 95% CI, 0.22–0.66; I2 =0.0%). No indication of publication bias was found. In conclusion, the current evidence showed that tea consumption was associated with a reduced risk of developing PD. The results of our subgroup analysis suggested that people who drinking more than one cup of non-black tea daily might have a reduced risk of developing PD

Objective To investigate the influence of the variations of an epidemic focus on hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) so as to provide a basis for effective control of HFRS.Methods HFRS epidemic data from the rapid development of urbanization of Huangdao District and the general development of Jiaonan City were collected and analyzed retrospectively from 1979 to 2014.And the HFRS cases,incidences,host animals and Hantavirus surveillances were compared.Results The three epidemic peaks occurred from 1979 to 2014 in Huangdao District and Jiaonan City,they were in the mid-1980s (1983-1987),the late 1990s (1995-1999) and around 2012 (2010-2014),and 954,80,37 and 2 506,614,432 cases were reported,respectively,in Huangdao District and Jiaonan City.The three peak years were 1986,1999 and 2012.And the annual incidences of Huangdao District were 385.73/100 000,15.64/100 000 and 2.51/100 000,respectively.The annual incidences of Jiaonan City were 67.07/100 000,28.68/100 000 and 14.68/100 000,respectively.The three peaks obviously appeared double peaks [the autumn and winter (from Oct.to Dec.) and the spring (from Jan.to Feb.)] in Jiaonan City.And the first peaks in Huangdao District was in the autumn and winter (from Oct.to Dec.) and the spring (from Jan.to Feb.),the second and the third were only in the autumn and winter (from Oct.to Dec.).Eight kinds of host animals were detected in Jiaonan City from 2005 to 2014.They were house mouse [27.53％ (1 108/4 024)],brown rat [25.50％ (1 026/ 4 024)],striped field mouse [14.84％ (597/4 024)],black rat [10.74％ (432/4 024)],hamsters [11.01％ (443/4 024)],shrew [8.72％ (351/4 024)],back grain hamster [1.02％ (41/4 024)] and club rat [0.65％ (26/4 024)].Two kinds of host animals were detected in Huangdao District.They were house mouse [57.14％ (16/28)] and brown rat [42.86％ (12/28)].The capture rates in Jiaonan City were higher than those of Huangdao District.The capture rate in 2012 was 8.04％ (855/10 638) and the capture rates in Huangdao District were all lower than 0.84％.The total detection rate in Jiaonan City was 2.81％ (113/4 024).And there was no positive detection for ten years in Huangdao District.Conclusions HFRS epidemic intensities have receded gradually in Huangdao District and Jiaonan City.The epidemic in Huangdao District obviously presents a low epidemic condition after the first peak.The few kinds and low densities of host animals are resulting in the sustainable condition.The evolution of epidemic patterns of HFRS is related to the change of epidemic sources by the differences in urbanization between the two places.

ObjectiveTo investigate the pain relieving degree and the comprehensive efficacy of pricking-cupping bloodletting plus microwave therapy in treating intractable tennis elbow.MethodSeventy-two patients meeting the inclusion criteria were randomly allocated, using a random number table, to a treatment group (pricking-cupping bloodletting plus microwave therapy,n=36) and a control group (electroacupuncture plus microwave therapy,n=36). The pain relieving degree and the overall therapeutic effect were assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and theCriteria of Syndrome Diagnosis and Therapeutic Effect in Traditional Chinese Medicinein the patients after treatment.ResultThe pain relieving degree and the overall therapeutic effect were more remarkable in the treatment group than in the control group (P<0.05).ConclusionPricking-cupping bloodletting plus microwave therapy can effectively heighten the pain relieving degree and the overall therapeutic effect in treating patients with intractable tennis elbow.

Objective To discuss the diagnosis and treatment of renal pelvic carcinoma associated with renal stone.Methods A total of 13 patients,aged from 49 to 73 years old and averaged 59years old.The history of renal stone was 16 years.13 patients accepted B ultrasound check and 1 was found soft tissue occupying.8 patients accepted IVU check and none was found soft tissue occupying.7 patients accepted CT scan and 4 were found soft tissue occupying.The fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) examination was done for 2 patients and both were positive.6 patients were found lesions at renal pelvis mucous membrane during the operation of percutaneous nephrolithotripsy,4 accepted radical operations of renal pelvic carcinoma and 2 patients accepted radical nephrectomy according to the biopsy pathology.4 were found soft tissue occupying before operation and accepted radical operation of renal pelvic carcinoma ultimately.1 patient suffered gross hematuria and renal insufficiency accepted the renal pelvic carcinoma vaporization under the ureteroscope.Results The pathology showed that 7 cases were transitional cell carcinoma,4 were transitional cell carcinoma combined squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) metaplasia and 2 were squamous cell carcinoma.6 of 8 patients' stone chemical composition were infection stone and 2 were calcic blended stone.3 patients were followed up 1 to 2 years and survival with no tumor recurrence.The tumor recurred 10 months of the patient accepted the operation of renal pelvic carcinoma vaporization and accepted vaporization again.1 patient bsuffered SCC and local lymph node metastasis.He died 13 months post-operation.Conclusions For the patient who had long history of stone,combining infection with symptoms of severe hematuria and postoperation hematuria,the possibility of renal pelvic carcinoma should be considered.CT scan and urine FISH may help for diagnosis.The biopsy should routinely perform for the doubtful mucosa lesion during the cavity stone operation.Early and timely diagnosis and operation is the key for the patients with pelvic carcinoma associated with renal stone.

Objective To review the safety and efficacy of upper-pole access percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Methods From May 2008 to May 2010,237 cases ( 135 males and 102 females with mean age of 42 yrs) of renal or proximal ureteral calculi treated with upper-pole access PCNL were reviewed.The indications included calculus larger than 1.5 cm or impacted proximal ureteral calculi in 94 cases,calculus≥2 cm or impacted renal pelvic calculi in 26 cases,staghorn or multiple calculi in 68 cases,complex lower calyx calculi in 13 cases,upper calyx calculi not amenable to ESWL or URS in 12 cases,calculi within upper calyx diverticulum in 3 cases,combined UPJ obstruction or upper ureteral stenosis in 8 cases,morbidly obese patients in 3 cases,calculi within horseshoe kidneys in 6 cases,calculi within transplanted kidneys or ureters in 4 cases.Of the 237 cases,175 tracts (73.8％) were above the 12th rib,46were above the 11th rib,12 were below the 12th rib,4 were in the lower abdomen for renal transplant patients. Results The overall stone clearance rate with upper-pole access PCNL monotherapy was 74.3％.Additional punctures were required in 55 cases and combined ESWL in 6 cases.Total stone clearance rate at 3 months after operation was 88.2％.16 patients (6.8％) had a pleural injury.Thoracentesis was required in 8 patients,closed thoracic drainage in 5 patients,conservative treatment in 3 patients.After nephrostomy tube removed,pleural irritation symptom appeared in 12 cases (5.1％) who required symptomatic treatment.No patient had injury to the lung or other viscera.Significant bleeding requiring blood transfusion was olserved in 5 patients,while selective renal arterial embolization was required in 2 cases. Conclusions Upper-pole access offers optimal visibility,convenience for the movement of rigid nephroscope and high stone-free rate.It should be attempted in selected cages of upper ureteral calculi and complex renal calculi.