Objective: To understand the impact of childhood trauma on psychological distress among upper grade elemetary school students, and to explore the mediating role of leisure activities in the relationship, so as to provide a basis for developing mental health intervention strategies. Methods: From August to November 2024, a combination of convenience sampling and stratified cluster random sampling was employed to recruit 1 373 fourth to sixth grade students from four primary schools in Harbin. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire(CTQ), a self designed leisure activity scale (including active and passive leisure activities), and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) were used to assess childhood trauma experiences, leisure activities, and levels of psychological distress. Spearman correlation analysis and linear regression analysis were conducted to explore the relationships among childhood trauma, leisure types, leisure time, and psychological distress. Based on the mediation analysis framework proposed by Hayes (Model 4), the mediating role of leisure types in the relationship between childhood trauma and psychological distress was examined. Results: Totally 19.1% of the upper elemetary school students exhibited psychological distress, while 30.2% had experienced childhood trauma. During school days, 64.6% of the students were reported of having leisure time concentrated between 1 and 5 hours per day, whereas 67.4% reported leisure time exceeding 5 hours per day on weekends. After controlling for potential demographic confounders such as gender, grade, ethnicity, household registration, being an only child, parents educational level, co residence, and whether parents are first time married,linear regression analysis showed that childhood trauma experience had positive predictive effect on psychological distress in upper primary school students( β =0.20, P <0.01). Leisure time showed no statistically significant association with psychological distress, both on school days ( β =-0.58 to -0.56) and weekends ( β =0.26- 0.98 )(all P >0.05). Active leisure activities were negatively associated with psychological distress ( β =-0.20), while passive leisure activities were positively associated with psychological distress ( β =0.29)(both P <0.01). Leisure type partially mediated the relationship between childhood trauma and psychological distress, accounting for 11.7% of the indirect effect. Conclusion Childhood trauma experiences positively predict psychological distress in upper elementary school students, and affect psychological distress through active leisure and passive leisure.

Objective: To explore the impact of sleep quality, experience of childhood maltreatment, and their interaction on depressive symptoms among middle school students, so as to provide the reference for early intervention of depressive symptoms among middle school students. Methods: From September to December 2023, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 231 students from two secondary schools in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province by a convenient sampling method. The survey included general demographic information, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire Short Form, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Short Version of Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. The Chi square test was used to analyze the differences in depressive symptom, sleep quality and childhood maltreatment among students with different demographic characteristics. Correlation analysis was conducted using Logistic regression, and interaction analysis was performed by both additive and multiplicative interaction models. Results: The detection rate of depressive symptoms among middle school students was 22.7%, and the rate for high school students (35.2%) was significantly higher than that for middle school students (17.0%) ( χ 2=50.35, P <0.01). The detection rates of depressive symptoms among middle school students with a history of childhood maltreatment and poor sleep quality were 45.8% and 44.0%, respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that compared to students without a history of childhood maltreatment, students with a history of childhood maltreatment had a higher risk of depressive symptoms ( OR =4.49，95% CI =3.31~ 6.09 , P <0.01);students with poor sleep quality had a higher risk of depressive symptoms than students with good sleep quality ( OR = 5.99，95% CI =4.37~8.22, P <0.01).The interaction results showed that the presence of childhood maltreatment and poor sleep quality had an additive interaction on the occurrence of depression in middle school students. Compared with students without childhood maltreatment and having good sleep quality, students with childhood maltreatment and poor sleep quality had a 22.49 times higher risk of developing depression ( OR =22.49，95% CI =14.22~35.59, P <0.01). Conclusion Depressive symptoms among middle school students are associated with childhood maltreatment and poor sleep quality, and there is an additive interaction between childhood maltreatment and poor sleep quality on the impact of depressive symptoms.

The sterile electrode acupuncture needle for single use is an innovative product that combines traditional acupuncture with modern electronic technology, and it has obtained Class Ⅱ medical device registration certificate. This acupuncture device consists of a needle body and a handle. The diameter of the needle body ranges from 0.16 mm to 0.55 mm, and the length from 7 mm to 150 mm. The spiral spray technology is adopted to modify the micron-level insulating coat on stainless steel needle body. The needle holder is connected to the electroacupuncture device (conductive), the micro-film insulated needle body (non-conductive) and the membrane-free needle tip (conductive) can provide a precise electrical stimulation for different tissue layers of acupoints (such as deep nerves and fascia). The intradermal stimulation test, cytotoxicity test and hypersensitivity reaction test have showed a favorable biocompatibility, laying a solid and reliable safety for clinical application. This acupuncture device is suitable for the in-depth invasive stimulation at the sites of human body surface in combination with electroacupuncture equipment in medical institutions.
Humans ; Needles ; Acupuncture Therapy/instrumentation* ; Electrodes ; Equipment Design ; Electroacupuncture/instrumentation* ; Acupuncture Points ; Animals

Due to the wide variety and varying quality of medical wound dressings, as well as the current lack of unified national or industry standards for regulation, this paper proposes a research strategy for establishing a quality evaluation system for medical wound dressings‌. By developing a technical roadmap, this strategy clarifies the process flow and key points in the quality evaluation process, establishes evaluation methods for various types of medical wound dressings, and addresses important issues such as how to determine key performance indicators based on product characteristics and how to research and validate test methods for key items. This provides a detailed and feasible research strategy and evaluation method for medical wound dressing manufacturers, testing institutions, and regulatory authorities. It reduces the difficulty and cost of quality evaluation for medical wound dressings and has certain significance in standardizing and improving their quality level, ensuring their safety and effectiveness, and serving the quality and safety regulation of medical devices.‌.
Bandages/standards* ; Quality Control ; Humans ; Wounds and Injuries/therapy*

Objective To construct a diagnostic and prognostic model for malignant pleural effusion (MPE) in patients with non-M1b stage (AJCC 7th edition) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by machine learning. Methods Retrospective analysis was conducted on patients diagnosed with NSCLC in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database from 2010 to 2015, excluding those in the M1b stage. Two sets of data were collected: data 1 (patients with non-M1b stage NSCLC, n=47 392) was used to construct the MPE diagnostic model; and data 2 (patients with M1a stage NSCLC and MPE, n=2 422) was used to construct a prognostic model. The Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression was used to screen feature variables, with a training set and validation set ratio of 7:3. Models were built using eight machine learning algorithms, with evaluation metrics including accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, area under the ROC curve (AUC), decision curve, calibration curve, and precision recall curve (PR), with ROC-AUC as the main evaluation metric. Results The incidence of MPE in patients with non-M1b stage NSCLC was 5.12%, and the 1-year survival rate of patients with MPE was 32.5%. LASSO regression identified nine diagnostic-related variables and 12 prognostic-related variables. The AUC values of the models constructed by eight machine learning algorithms all exceeded 0.70. The random forest model performed the best in the diagnostic model (training set AUC=0.908, validation set AUC=0.897), and the XGBoost model showed the best performance in the prognostic model (training set AUC=0.905, validation set AUC=0.875). Other evaluation indicators showed good results and balanced distribution. SHAP feature importance analysis showed that tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and histological type were important influencing factors for the occurrence of MPE, and chemotherapy intervention was the most remarkably prognostic factor. Conclusion The random forest diagnostic model constructed in this study can effectively predict the risk of MPE in patients with non-M1b stage NSCLC, and the XGBoost prognostic model can predict the prognosis of M1a-stage NSCLC patients with concurrent MPE.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between azimuth direction,angular intervals,and the accuracy of azimuthal sound source localization.METHODS Fifteen young subjects with normal hearing were tested using nine azimuth settings.The test results were presented as root mean square error and percentage confusion.RESULTS The confusion rate under high-frequency narrowband noise was significantly higher than that under broadband noise and three-syllable words.In the frontal direction,statistically significant differences were observed between the 20° and 10° intervals,as well as between the 20° and 15° intervals(P<0.05),but no significant difference was found between the 10° and 15° intervals(P>0.05).In the lateral and rear directions,statistically significant differences were found between the 30° and 15° intervals,as well as between the 30° and 20° intervals(P<0.05),but no significant difference was found between the 15° and 20° intervals(P>0.05).Statistically significant differences were observed between the frontal direction and both the lateral and rear directions(P<0.05),but no significant difference was found between the lateral and rear directions(P>0.05).CONCLUSION Using stimuli that contain broader bandwidth cues can more accurately reflect the subject's horizontal localization ability.For source azimuth identification tests using broadband noise and three-syllable words,it is recommended to use a 15° interval in the frontal direction,and a 20° interval in the lateral and rear directions.The frontal and lateral directions can be preferred for testing.

Objective:To summarize the medication law and academic experience of Professor Yuan Jinsheng in the treatment of angina pectoris (AP) of coronary heart disease (CHD) through R language data mining technique.Methods:The effective outpatient medical records of Professor Yuan Jinsheng in the treatment of AP of CHD from January 1, 2016 to September 30, 2023 were selected, and the R 4.2.3 was used for frequency statistics, association rule analysis, systematic clustering analysis and correlation analysis of prescription drugs.Results:A total of 292 prescriptions were included, including 268 patients, involving 204 kinds of Chinese materia medica, and the total frequency of Chinese materia medica was 4 253 times. The main properties were warm and neutral, the main tastes were bitter, pungent and sweet, and the main meridians were spleen, lung and liver meridians. The analysis of association rules obtained 125 core TCM combinations, and the commonly used drug pair was Trichosanthis Fructus-Aurantii Fructus Immaturus. The core prescription composed of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Trichosanthis Fructus, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium and Salviea Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. Seven TCM groups of were obtained by systematic clustering analysis. Correlation analysis showed that the drug pairs with phi coefficient greater than 0.6 were in 8 groups.Conclusions:Studies suggest that AP of CHD is located in the heart, which is related to lung, spleen, liver and kidney, deficiency in root and excess in superficiality, phlegm, blood stasis and qi stagnation are important pathological factors. The treatment is based on the basic principles of tonifying qi, promoting yang, relieving rheumatism, resolving phlegm, activating blood circulation, and promoting qi circulation. It embodies Professor Yuan's academic thoughts and principles of differentiation and treatments of "taking fluency as the main point, regulating the five internal organs and weighing the root and superficiality".

Objective　: To verify the feasibility of using a homemade lung phantom for quality control of Cyberknife by comparing the measurement results of the homemade lung phantom and CIRS dynamic phantom in E2E testing of Cyberknife lung tracking.  Methods　 : The patient treatment process was simulated, including CT positioning, plan design, irra- diation implementation, film scanning, and analysis using the homemade phantom and CIRS phantom. The two phantoms were measured five times using MLC under the S7 generation Cyberknife and five times using Iris under the M6 generation Cyberknife. The differences in measurement results between the two phantoms were analyzed using independent sample t-test. Results　: For the S7 generation Cyberknife, the statistical analysis of differences between the two phantoms in the detection values on the X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis, and total deviation showed P values of 0.236, 0.175, 0.289, and 0.668, respect- ively. For the M6 generation Cyberknife, the statistical analysis showed P values of 0.880, 0.891, 0.573, and 0.433, respect- ively. The P values were all > 0.05. Therefore, there were no statistically significant differences in the detection results between the homemade lung phantom and the CIRS phantom under the S7 and M6 generation Cyberknife. The total deviation values were <1.5 mm. Conclusion　 The homemade lung phantom and CIRS phantom have consistent measurement results in the E2E testing of Cyberknife lung tracking and meet the requirements of Report of AAPM TG-135 and WS 667- 2019 standard. Therefore, the homemade lung phantom is feasible for clinical quality control of Cyberknife.

Objective We aimed to explore the clinical efficacy of precise electro-acupuncture stimulation in the pterygopalatine fossa for the treatment of chronic sinusitis.Methods In total,40 patients with chronic sinusitis who visited the Xiyuan Hospital,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences between January 2022 and January 2023 were selected.The subjects were randomly divided into two groups:the treatment group(receiving precise electro-acupuncture in the pterygopalatine fossa)and the control group(receiving standard western medical treatment),with 20 cases in each groups.The treatments were administered twice a week for a period of 12 weeks.The effectiveness of the treatments was evaluated through computed tomography(CT)of the sinus changes and the Lund-Mackay scoring system.Results In cases of total opacity and partial opacity,there were significant differences between the two patient groups before and after treatment(P<0.05).Intra-group comparison revealed statistically significant improvements in both groups before and after treatment(P<0.05).The treatment group exhibited significant improvement in various sinus conditions(P<0.05),while in the control group,a significant improvement was only observed in the left maxillary sinus(P<0.05).Inter-group comparison also demonstrated that the treatment group's improvements were superior to those of the control group across multiple indicators(P<0.05).Conclusion The precise electro-acupuncture stimulation technique in the pterygopalatine fossa demonstrated significant therapeutic effects in the treatment of chronic sinusitis,with superior outcomes with respect to radiological changes compared to standard western medicine treatment.

Objective:To explore the role of "BOPPPS + mind map" in the medical immunology teaching.Methods:The students from Class 12 of 2019 Clinical Medicine Major of Changzhi Medical College were selected as the control group (traditional teaching method) ( n=35), and those from Class 13 as the test group ("BOPPPS model + mind map" teaching method) ( n=37). The teaching effect was compared by the final immunology exam scores between the two groups. A statistical analysis was conducted using the two independent samples t-test for continuous data. For the "BOPPPS model + mind map", a questionnaire survey was randomly conducted among students of various majors. Results:The immunology exam score in the test group was significantly higher than that in the control group [(67.30±1.81) vs. (59.54±1.98), P=0.005). The blended teaching was accepted by students, and drawing the mind map was conducive to promote learning. Drawing the mind map by hand ( n=177, 52.10%) or computer ( n=163, 47.90%) increased the knowledge sorting. Conclusions:The application of "BOPPPS model + mind map" in the "Medical Immunology" teaching for undergraduates helps to improve the quality of teaching, enhance students' understanding and memory of knowledge points, and consolidate immunology knowledge and skills.