Objective:To explore the current status and influencing factors of quality of life in patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) .Methods:From January to July 2024, convenience sampling was used to select TAO patients of the Department of Ophthalmology of Peking University Third Hospital as research subjects. The patients were surveyed using the General Information Questionnaire, Graves' Ophthalmopathy Quality of Life Questionnaire (GO-QOL), Negative Physical Self Scale-Appearance (NPSS-A), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), and Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS). Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between GO-QOL scores and NPSS-A, SAS, SDS, and PSSS scores. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the factors influencing the quality of life of TAO patients.Results:A total of 234 questionnaires were distributed, and 203 valid questionnaires were collected, with a valid response rate of 86.75%. The GO-QOL visual function and social function dimensions scores of 203 TAO patients were [78.57 (50.00, 100.00) ] and [43.75 (18.75, 62.50) ], respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age, eye movement disorders, eyelid retraction, and disease grading, were the influencing factors of the visual function dimension of GO-QOL ( P<0.05). Age, social support, and body image were the influencing factors on the social function dimension of GO-QOL ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The quality of life of TAO patients is poor. Healthcare professionals should develop coping strategies based on factors affecting different dimensions of quality of life, so as to improve patients' quality of life.

Background Exposure to benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) may impair lung function through various mechanisms; however, it remains uncertain whether BaP induces ferroptosis in lung tissue cells, resulting in lung function impairment. Objective To investigate the ferroptosis of lung tissue cells triggered by subchronic BaP exposure in mice and its correlation with lung injury, and to explore the function of ferroptosis in BaP-induced lung tissue damage. Method Seventy-two healthy 3-weeks-old male C57BL/6J mice were acclimatized for 1 week and then randomly divided into six groups: control group (corn oil 10 mL·kg⁻¹), low-dose BaP group (2.5 mg·kg⁻¹), medium-dose BaP group (5 mg·kg⁻¹), high-dose BaP group (10 mg·kg⁻¹), BaP+ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) group (10 mg·kg⁻¹+1 mg·kg⁻¹), and Fer-1 group (1 mg·kg⁻¹), with 12 mice each group. Corn oil and BaP were administered via gavage every other day, followed by an intraperitoneal injection of Fer-1 the subsequent day, throughout a period of 90 d. Whole-body plethysmography was applied to detect lung function; hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE) and Masson staining were used to observe lung tissue injury and fibrosis; microscopy of alveolar epithelial cells was conducted to reveal mitochondrial morphology; biochemical assays were used to measure the content of tissue iron, malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH), as well as the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px); Western blotting and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analyses were performed to reveal the protein and mRNA expression of ferroptosis markers. Results Compared to the control group, the high-dose BaP group showed a significant increase in expiration time (Te) (P<0.01), and a significant decrease in ratio rate of achieving peak expiratory flow (Rpef), tidal volume (TVb), peak inspiratory flow (PIF), minute volume (MVb), and peak expiratory flow (PEF) (P<0.05 or 0.01). Based on the results of HE and Masson staining, partial destruction of alveolar structures, thickening of alveolar walls, infiltration of inflammatory cells, significant thickening of tracheal walls and a large deposition of collagen fibers in lung tissue were observed in the medium- and high-dose BaP groups. By microscopy, the alveolar epithelial cells exposed to low-dose BaP showed condensed chromatin, and the mitochondria exposed to medium and high-dose BaP showed wrinkles, increased mitochondrial membrane density, and diminished mitochondrial cristae. Compared to the control group, in the medium- and high-dose BaP groups, the lung tissue iron content and the expression levels of ACSL4 protein and mRNA significantly elevated (P<0.01 or 0.05), while the mRNA expression level of SLC7A11 significantly decreased (P<0.05); in the high-dose BaP group, the MDA content, COX2 protein, and PTGS2 mRNA expression levels significantly increased (P<0.05 or 0.01), GSH content and GSH-Px activity, GPX4 protein and mRNA expression levels, and the expression level of SLC7A11 protein significantly decreased (P<0.01 or 0.05). The ferroptosis inhibitor Fer-1 markedly reversed respiratory function, morphology, mitochondrial alterations, and the aforementioned ferroptosis-related biochemical indicators. Conclusion Subchronic exposure to BaP can induce ferroptosis in mice lung tissue cells, resulting in compromised lung function.

Objective To analyze the characteristics of HIV-1 pretreatment drug resistance(PDR)and molecular transmission networks in Yubei District,Chongqing,providing evidence for targeted interventions.Methods Using a cross-sectional design,plasma samples were collected from HIV/AIDS patients receiving antiretroviral therapy(ART)in Yubei District from January 2022 to December 2023.Pol gene fragments were extracted and amplified for HIV-1 genotyping and drug resistance analysis.Molecular transmission networks were constructed based on genetic distance calculations.Results Among 478 HIV-1 pol sequences,eight geno-types were identified:with CRF07_BC(60.4%,289/478),CRF08_BC(15.5%,74/478),CRF01_AE(11.7%,56/478),and CRF85_BC(5.9%,28/478).The overall PDR rate was 6.3%(30/478),with resistance to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors(NRTIs)and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors(NNRTIs)at 1.7%(8/478)and 5.2%(25/478),respectively.No protease inhibitor(PI)resistance was de-tected.The molecular network included 177 cases(37.0%network entry rate),forming 53 clusters with 198 connections.Cluster sizes ranged from 2 to 17 nodes,and 75.3%(149/198)of connections were associated with five subdistricts/towns:Shuanglonghu Street,Huixing Street,Luoqi Town,Gulu Town,and Baoshenghu Street.Conclusion HIV-1 genotypes in Yubei District exhibit diversity and complexity,with moderate PDR prevalence.Regional clustering of transmission networks suggests the need for enhanced molecular surveil-lance and targeted interventions based on analytical findings.

Objective To explore the relationship between postoperative defecation dysfunction and quality of life in children with anorectal malformation(ARM)complicated with spinal cord anomalies(SCA)and analyze the impact of different types of SCA on ARM patients in order to provide a reference for the early clinical identification of high-risk children with poor prognosis.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 282 ARM neonates admitted to our department between June 2015 and April 2021.Radiological examinations were applied to evaluate the development of the spinal cord,and Rintala score and the PedsQL 4.0 scale were employed to assess postoperative defecation function and quality of life,respectively.According to their SCA types and other complications,the patients were grouped.The relationship between these factors and defecation function as well as quality of life was then analyzed.Results Among the 282 subjected children,104(36.9%)had SCA.The incidence of SCA varied significantly across different types of ARM(P=0.002),with the highest incidence observed in vaginal fistula patients(100.0%)and the lowest in children without fistula(13.6%).Radiological findings revealed that sacral bone anomalies were common,with absent coccyx(62.7%)and vertebral anomalies(69.8%)being the most prevalent.The SCA group had significantly lower Rintala bowel function score(12.70±3.24)and PedsQL 4.0 quality of life score(81.42±5.03)than the non-SCA group(P<0.001).As the increment of SCA types,both the Rintala score and PedsQL 4.0 score were in a significant downward trend(P<0.001).Among the children with different types of SCA,those with tethered cord syndrome had the statistically lowest Rintala score(8.05±2.35,P<0.05).Meanwhile,their PedsQL 4.0 score(75.90±3.35)was significantly lower than those of other types except syrinx(P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that both SCA and sacral bone anomalies exerted notably negative impacts on the Rintala score and PedsQL 4.0 score(P≤0.001),with SCA having the most pronounced effect.Conclusion SCA is closely associated with postoperative defecation dysfunction and diminished quality of life in ARM children.The greater the type and number of SCAs,the worse the postoperative defecation function and quality of life.Early identification of concomitant SCAs holds significant clinical value for predicting postoperative outcomes in ARM patients.

Objective To develop an automated system that can accurately determine the relationship between the mandibular third molar and the mandibular nerve canal from panoramic images.Methods A dataset consisting of 600 panoramic images of the oral cavi-ty was selected,and the positions of the mandibular third molar and the mandibular nerve canal were accurately labeled.We compared the research designed TI-YOLOv5 with PANet,Faster R-CNN,Mask R-CNN,ResNeSt-101,and the original YOLOv5 in image seg-mentation tasks,with evaluation metrics of AP and AP50.Results TI-YOLOv5 achieved AP(average precision)54.0％and AP5094.9％,an increase of 4.9 and 6.7 percentage points respectively compared to the original YOLOv5(AP 49.1％,AP50 88.2％),and surpassed other SOTA methods such as Mask R-CNN(AP 45.1％,AP50 84.2％).Conclusion TI-YOLOv5 is significantly superior to mainstream networks in automatic positioning and relationship classification of mandibular wisdom teeth and neural tubes,with high de-tection accuracy and discrimination accuracy,and can provide reliable technical support for preoperative risk assessment of mandibular wisdom tooth extraction.

Objective:To explore the current status and influencing factors of quality of life in patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) .Methods:From January to July 2024, convenience sampling was used to select TAO patients of the Department of Ophthalmology of Peking University Third Hospital as research subjects. The patients were surveyed using the General Information Questionnaire, Graves' Ophthalmopathy Quality of Life Questionnaire (GO-QOL), Negative Physical Self Scale-Appearance (NPSS-A), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), and Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS). Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between GO-QOL scores and NPSS-A, SAS, SDS, and PSSS scores. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the factors influencing the quality of life of TAO patients.Results:A total of 234 questionnaires were distributed, and 203 valid questionnaires were collected, with a valid response rate of 86.75%. The GO-QOL visual function and social function dimensions scores of 203 TAO patients were [78.57 (50.00, 100.00) ] and [43.75 (18.75, 62.50) ], respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age, eye movement disorders, eyelid retraction, and disease grading, were the influencing factors of the visual function dimension of GO-QOL ( P<0.05). Age, social support, and body image were the influencing factors on the social function dimension of GO-QOL ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The quality of life of TAO patients is poor. Healthcare professionals should develop coping strategies based on factors affecting different dimensions of quality of life, so as to improve patients' quality of life.

Objective To develop an automated system that can accurately determine the relationship between the mandibular third molar and the mandibular nerve canal from panoramic images.Methods A dataset consisting of 600 panoramic images of the oral cavi-ty was selected,and the positions of the mandibular third molar and the mandibular nerve canal were accurately labeled.We compared the research designed TI-YOLOv5 with PANet,Faster R-CNN,Mask R-CNN,ResNeSt-101,and the original YOLOv5 in image seg-mentation tasks,with evaluation metrics of AP and AP50.Results TI-YOLOv5 achieved AP(average precision)54.0％and AP5094.9％,an increase of 4.9 and 6.7 percentage points respectively compared to the original YOLOv5(AP 49.1％,AP50 88.2％),and surpassed other SOTA methods such as Mask R-CNN(AP 45.1％,AP50 84.2％).Conclusion TI-YOLOv5 is significantly superior to mainstream networks in automatic positioning and relationship classification of mandibular wisdom teeth and neural tubes,with high de-tection accuracy and discrimination accuracy,and can provide reliable technical support for preoperative risk assessment of mandibular wisdom tooth extraction.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the development of terminal rectal ganglion and spinal cord/sacral abnormalities in boys with complex anorectal malformations(ARMs)in order to improve the understanding of rectal ganglion development abnormalities in ARMs patients.Methods A retrospective trial was conducted on the male patients with complex ARMs admitted to our hospital from 2015 to 2021.The terminal rectal specimens were taken from them during anoplasty.According to the findings on development of terminal rectal ganglion after HE staining,the patients were classified into G1 group(ganglion cells observed)and G2 group(no ganglion cells observed).Imaging techniques were used to evaluate whether there were abnormalities in the spinal cord and sacrum,and their correlation with the terminal rectal ganglion development was analyzed.Results A total of 139 patients were enrolled,and their median age at anoplasty was 5.77(4.57,6.97)months.There were no significant differences between the G1(n=80,57.6％)and G2(n=59,42.4％)groups in ARMs pathological type(P=0.706)and age at surgery(P=0.140).Radiological findings showed there were 48 cases(34.5％)of spinal cord anomalies(SCA),25 cases(18.0％)of sacral abnormalities and 18 cases(12.9％)of coccyx abnormalities.No significant differences were observed in the incidences of SCA and sacral abnormalities between the G1 and G2 groups(P＜0.05).Moreover,the differences of fatty filum terminale and syrinx were statistically significant(P＜0.05).In addition,the ratio of sacrum to coccyx between the G1 and G2 groups were 0.72±0.10 vs 0.67±0.12(P＜0.05)of the anteroposterior position and 0.77±0.09 vs 0.72±0.09(P＜0.05)of the lateral position.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that sacral abnormalities,fatty filum terminale and syrinx were independent predictors of rectal terminal ganglion absence in male patients with complex ARMs.Conclusion The development of terminal rectal ganglia in male patients with ARMs is closely associated with the abnormalities of spinal cord and sacrum.Sacral abnormalities,fatty filum terminale and syrinx are independent predictors of rectal terminal ganglion absence in male patients with complex ARMs.

Background The active metabolite of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), 7,8-dihydroxy-9,10-epoxybenzo[a]pyrene (BPDE), can form adducts with DNA, but the spectrum of BPDE-DNA adducts is unclear. Objective To identify the distribution of BPDE adduct sites and associated genes at the whole-genome level by chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing (ChIP-Seq), and serve as a basis for further exploring the toxicological mechanisms of BaP. Methods Human bronchial epithelial-like cells (16HBE) were cultured to the fourth generation inthe logarithmic growth phase. Cells were harvested and added to chromatin immunoprecipitation lysis buffer. The lysate was divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received a final concentration of 20 μmol·L⁻¹ BPDE solution, while the control group received an equivalent volume of dimethyl sulfoxide solution. The cells were then incubated at 37 °C for 24 h. Chromatin fragments of 100-500 bp were obtained through sonication. BPDE-specific antibody (anti-BPDE 8E11) was used to enrich DNA fragments with BPDE adducts. High-throughput sequencing was conducted to detect BPDE adduct sites. The top 1000 peak sequences were subjected to motif analysis using MEME and DREME software. BPDE adduct target genes at the whole-genome level were annotated, and Gene Ontology (GO) functional analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis of BPDE adduct target genes were conducted using bioinformatics techniques. Results The high-throughput sequencing detected a total of 842 BPDE binding sites, distributed across various chromosomes. BPDE covalently bound to both coding and non-coding regions of genes, with 73.9% binding sites located in intergenic regions, 19.6% in intronic regions, and smaller proportions in upstream 2 kilobase, exonic, downstream 2 kilobase, and 5' untranslated regions. Regarding the top 1000 peak sequences, four reliable motifs were identified, revealing that sites rich in adenine (A) and guanine (G) were prone to binding. Through the enrichment analysis of binding sites, a total of 199 BPDE-adduct target genes were identified, with the majority located on chromosomes 1, 5, 7, 12, 17, and X. The GO analysis indicated that these target genes were mainly enriched in nucleic acid and protein binding, participating in the regulation of catalytic activity, transport activity, translation elongation factor activity, and playing important roles in cell division, differentiation, motility, substance transport, and information transfer. The KEGG analysis revealed that these target genes were primarily enriched in pathways related to cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and immune-inflammatory responses. Conclusion Using ChIP-Seq, 199 BPDE adduct target genes at genome-wide level are identified, impacting biological functions such as cell division, differentiation, motility, substance transport, and information transfer. These genes are closely associated with cardiovascular diseases, tumors, and immune-inflammatory responses.