Occupational pneumoconiosis remains the most common occupational disease in China, with occupational mineral dust exposure being its primary causative factor. Although national standards for online monitoring and early warning systems of coal mine dust concentrations have been established, national occupational health standards for rapid and online monitoring of dust concentration and particle size distribution in other industries are still limited. Among dust concentration sensor technologies, the light scattering method is the preferred choice for online dust monitoring owing to its wide measurement range and low cost. The beta-ray absorption method is mature but highly sensitive to humidity. The electrostatic induction method offers high sensitivity, simple structure, and low maintenance costs but exhibits high errors in low-concentration dust monitoring. The tapered element oscillating microbalance method is highly sensitive but costly. Multi-sensor data fusion technology can improve monitoring reliability, however, mature domestic products are not yet available. For monitoring dust particle size distribution, sieving and sedimentation methods are cumbersome. The aerodynamic method shows broad prospects in the online monitoring of respirable dust but has obvious measurement errors for larger dust particles. The use of optical measurement method is limited by dust morphology and is not suitable for monitoring coal dust particle size distribution. The electrical mobility method is primarily applicable to submicron dust. Future research should focus on promoting the application of monitoring technology for respirable dust particle size distribution in online monitoring of industrial dust. By integrating Internet of Things, data mining, and artificial intelligence technologies, along with multi-sensor data fusion and numerical simulation, dust concentration prediction models can be established to achieve accurate dust concentration monitoring and early warning of exceedances. The advancements of technologies will provide scientific support for the assessment of industrial dust hazards and the prevention and control of occupational pneumoconiosis.

Objective:To investigate the risk factors for the formation of eggshell vertebral body after open reduction and internal fixation with posterior screw-rod system for thoracolumbar spine fractures. Methods:A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the 118 patients with thoracolumbar single-segment fracture who had been treated at Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University between January 2020 and January 2023. The patients were divided into a case group (47 cases) and a control group (71 cases) according to whether an eggshell vertebral body developed in the injured vertebra after internal fixation with posterior screw-rod system. The 2 groups were compared in terms of gender, age, follow-up time, body mass index, history of primary hypertension, history of diabetes mellitus, vertebral bone quality (VBQ) score, local Cobb angle correction, presence or absence of screwing at the injured vertebra, fracture site, fracture type, presence or absence of injury to the posterior ligamentous complex, presence or absence of injury to the upper and lower discs/endplate complex in the injured vertebrae, recovery rates of the anterior, middle, and posterior heights of the injured vertebra, and preoperative and postoperative visual analog scale (VAS) for pain. After positive indicators were screened by univariate analysis ( P<0.05), they were included in a multivariate logistic regression model and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) to analyze the risk factors for the formation of eggshell vertebral body after posterior screw-rod internal fixation of thoracolumbar spine fractures. Results:Of the 118 patients, 47 developed an eggshell vertebral body after surgery. Univariate analysis showed that VBQ score, presence or absence of screwing at the injured vertebra, burst fracture type, injury to the posterior ligamentous complex, injury to the upper and lower discs/endplate complex in the injured vertebrae, recovery rate of the anterior height of the injured vertebra, recovery rate of the middle height of the injured vertebra were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis and ROC curve analysis showed that a VBQ score ≥ 2.95 points( OR=6.216, 95% CI: 1.890 to 20.441, P=0.003), a recovery rate of the anterior height of the injured vertebra ≥ 25.26% ( OR=1.097, 95% CI: 1.046 to 1.149, P<0.001), a burst fracture type ( OR=6.397, 95% CI: 1.733 to 23.617, P=0.005), and injury to the upper and lower discs/endplate complex in the injured vertebrae ( OR=7.581, 95% CI: 1.827 to 31.461, P=0.005) were significantly associated with the formation of eggshell vertebral body after open reduction and internal fixation with posterior screw-rod system for thoracolumbar spine fractures ( P<0.05). Conclusion:A VBQ score ≥ 2.95 points, a recovery rate of the anterior height of the injured vertebra ≥ 25.26%, a burst fracture type, and injury to the disc/endplate complex in the injured vertebrae are the independent risk factors for the formation of eggshell vertebral body after open reduction and internal fixation with posterior screw-rod system for thoracolumbar spine fractures.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with adverse reactions to facial skin-lightening cosmetics.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the adverse reaction reports caused by facial skin-lightening cosmetics in the cosmetic adverse reaction reporting system of Yantai city of Shandong province from July 2020 to December 2023. The general information of the patients (such as age, gender), reporting sources, clinical characteristics (types of adverse reactions, skin lesion morphology and subjective symptoms), and channels for purchasing cosmetics were summarized and analyzed.Results:A total of 450 cases of adverse reactions caused by facial skin-lightening cosmetics were identified, predominantly involving females (429 cases, 95.33%). Age distribution was most commonly found from 31 to 40 years (174 cases, 38.67%), followed by 21 to 30 years (130 cases, 28.89%), 41 to 50 years (71 cases. 15.78%), ≥51 years (46 cases, 10.22%), and ≤20 years (29 cases, 6.44%). The main sources of reporting were medical and health institutions (401 cases, 89.11%), followed by cosmetics operators (22 cases, 4.89%), patients (20 cases, 4.44%), business enterprises (3 cases, 0.67%), market supervision and administration bureaus (3 cases, 0.67%), and medical cosmetology hospital (1 case, 0.22%). Cosmetic contact dermatitis was the most common type of cosmetic adverse reaction (416 cases,91.43%), and the common skin lesions included erythema (342 cases,45.00%), papula (166 cases,21.84%), edema and so on. The common symptoms were pruritus (369 cases,49.20% ), burning sensation (158 cases,21.07%) and so on. Online sales was the main purchasing channel (333 cases, 74.01%).Conclusions:The adverse reactions caused by facial skin-lightening cosmetics are mainly found in women, and contact dermatitis is the most common type of cosmetic adverse reaction, predominantly presenting with erythema and manifesting as pruritus.

Objective:To summarize the clinical characteristics of elderly patients with stage Ⅰ diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and analyze the factors associated with prognosis.Methods:A case series study was conducted by retrospectively collecting clinical data from patients aged over 60 years with newly diagnosed stage Ⅰ DLBCL across 20 medical centers in Jiangsu Province, China, between June 2010 and April 2023. The involved site, classification and treatment plan were summarized. The primary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Statistical analyses were performed using the Kaplan-Meier method, and Cox regression model.Results:The study included 255 patients with a median age of 69 years, of whom 130 (51.0%) were male, 66 (25.9%) were aged ≥75 years and 26 (10.1%) had a high Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score of ≥2. Extranodal involvement was observed in 163 (63.9%) patients, with the stomach (37.4%, 61/163), intestine (19.0%, 31/163), testes (11.0%, 18/163), and breast (7.4%, 12/163) being the most frequently affected sites. The non-germinal center B-cell (non-GCB) subtype was prevalent in 63.7% of patients (142/223), with no significant difference between the nodal and extranodal groups ( P=0.681). Furthermore, 73.9% (184/249) and 11.7% (29/249) of patients received the R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone) and R-miniCHOP regimen, respectively. The overall 3-year PFS rate was 81.5%, and the 3-year OS rate was 85.6%. Patients aged ≥75 years ( HR=2.910, 95% CI 1.565-5.408, P=0.001) and/or with a CCI score ≥2 ( HR=2.324, 95% CI 1.141-4.732, P=0.020) had a significantly poorer PFS. Incorporating age ≥75 years and CCI score ≥2 into the stage-modified international prognostic index (sm-IPI) can better stratify the prognosis of elderly patients with stage Ⅰ DLBCL. The 3-year PFS rate was 48.7% in the high-risk group versus 85.7% in the low-risk group ( P<0.001). Conclusions:Our findings show that the elderly patients with stage Ⅰ DLBCL were predominantly characterized by extranodal involvement (particularly in the stomach and intestinal tract) and non-GCB subtype. Age ≥75 years and CCI ≥2 were identified as independent prognostic factors. The newly established sm-IPI-75-CCI incorporating these factors demonstrated superior prognostic discrimination compared to conventional risk assessment systems.

To summarize the nursing experience of walking rehabilitation training assisted by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in 2 cases of heart or lung transplant patients before surgery.The main points of nursing care:to set up a multidisciplinary team to formulate a rehabilitation exercise program;phased rehabilitation exercise to improve the preparation of body functions before walking training;multi-dimensional safety management to prevent and deal with walking training-related complications;to strengthen the assessment and monitoring,and implement personalized nutritional programs;to carry out positive psychological interventions to alleviate the anxiety.After undergoing active treatment and care,and after 3 d and 6 d of walking exercise assisted by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation,respectively,both of them finally underwent organ transplantation successfully,recovered well after the operation,and were transferred to the general ward to continue treatment.

Objective To explore the imaging findings of atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor(AT/RT)in the central nervous sys-tem of children and to improve the understanding of this disease.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the imaging data of 55 children with AT/RT confirmed by pathology.Results Among the 55 AT/RT children,74.5％were under 3 years old,with a male-to-female ratio of 1.5∶1.Intracranial AT/RT appeared hyperdense or slightly hyperdense on CT scans and accompa-nied by calcification or hemorrhage occasionally.32 cases showed peripheral cystic changes in MRI images.38 cases showed heteroge-neous enhancement,9 cases showed ring-like or band-like enhancement.13 cases showed cerebrospinal fluid dissemination.The mean minimum apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)value was(0.61±0.11)× 10-3mm2/s.Spinal AT/RT manifested as solitary or mul-tiple intramedullary and/or extradural lesions on MRI,which showed unclear boundary from the spinal cord.Hemorrhage within or at the edge of the lesion was seen in 2 cases,involvement of nerve roots and adjacent muscle tissues in 3 cases,and cerebrospinal fluid dissemination of the intracranial and spinal cord at varying degrees in 5 cases.Conclusion The imaging findings of pediatric AT/RT in the central nervous system are diverse,combining imaging characteristics with age of onset facilitates the accurate diagnosis.

To summarize the nursing experience of walking rehabilitation training assisted by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in 2 cases of heart or lung transplant patients before surgery.The main points of nursing care:to set up a multidisciplinary team to formulate a rehabilitation exercise program;phased rehabilitation exercise to improve the preparation of body functions before walking training;multi-dimensional safety management to prevent and deal with walking training-related complications;to strengthen the assessment and monitoring,and implement personalized nutritional programs;to carry out positive psychological interventions to alleviate the anxiety.After undergoing active treatment and care,and after 3 d and 6 d of walking exercise assisted by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation,respectively,both of them finally underwent organ transplantation successfully,recovered well after the operation,and were transferred to the general ward to continue treatment.

Objective To explore the imaging findings of atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor(AT/RT)in the central nervous sys-tem of children and to improve the understanding of this disease.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the imaging data of 55 children with AT/RT confirmed by pathology.Results Among the 55 AT/RT children,74.5％were under 3 years old,with a male-to-female ratio of 1.5∶1.Intracranial AT/RT appeared hyperdense or slightly hyperdense on CT scans and accompa-nied by calcification or hemorrhage occasionally.32 cases showed peripheral cystic changes in MRI images.38 cases showed heteroge-neous enhancement,9 cases showed ring-like or band-like enhancement.13 cases showed cerebrospinal fluid dissemination.The mean minimum apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)value was(0.61±0.11)× 10-3mm2/s.Spinal AT/RT manifested as solitary or mul-tiple intramedullary and/or extradural lesions on MRI,which showed unclear boundary from the spinal cord.Hemorrhage within or at the edge of the lesion was seen in 2 cases,involvement of nerve roots and adjacent muscle tissues in 3 cases,and cerebrospinal fluid dissemination of the intracranial and spinal cord at varying degrees in 5 cases.Conclusion The imaging findings of pediatric AT/RT in the central nervous system are diverse,combining imaging characteristics with age of onset facilitates the accurate diagnosis.

Objective:To summarize the clinical characteristics of elderly patients with stage Ⅰ diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and analyze the factors associated with prognosis.Methods:A case series study was conducted by retrospectively collecting clinical data from patients aged over 60 years with newly diagnosed stage Ⅰ DLBCL across 20 medical centers in Jiangsu Province, China, between June 2010 and April 2023. The involved site, classification and treatment plan were summarized. The primary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Statistical analyses were performed using the Kaplan-Meier method, and Cox regression model.Results:The study included 255 patients with a median age of 69 years, of whom 130 (51.0%) were male, 66 (25.9%) were aged ≥75 years and 26 (10.1%) had a high Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score of ≥2. Extranodal involvement was observed in 163 (63.9%) patients, with the stomach (37.4%, 61/163), intestine (19.0%, 31/163), testes (11.0%, 18/163), and breast (7.4%, 12/163) being the most frequently affected sites. The non-germinal center B-cell (non-GCB) subtype was prevalent in 63.7% of patients (142/223), with no significant difference between the nodal and extranodal groups ( P=0.681). Furthermore, 73.9% (184/249) and 11.7% (29/249) of patients received the R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone) and R-miniCHOP regimen, respectively. The overall 3-year PFS rate was 81.5%, and the 3-year OS rate was 85.6%. Patients aged ≥75 years ( HR=2.910, 95% CI 1.565-5.408, P=0.001) and/or with a CCI score ≥2 ( HR=2.324, 95% CI 1.141-4.732, P=0.020) had a significantly poorer PFS. Incorporating age ≥75 years and CCI score ≥2 into the stage-modified international prognostic index (sm-IPI) can better stratify the prognosis of elderly patients with stage Ⅰ DLBCL. The 3-year PFS rate was 48.7% in the high-risk group versus 85.7% in the low-risk group ( P<0.001). Conclusions:Our findings show that the elderly patients with stage Ⅰ DLBCL were predominantly characterized by extranodal involvement (particularly in the stomach and intestinal tract) and non-GCB subtype. Age ≥75 years and CCI ≥2 were identified as independent prognostic factors. The newly established sm-IPI-75-CCI incorporating these factors demonstrated superior prognostic discrimination compared to conventional risk assessment systems.

Objective:To investigate the risk factors for the formation of eggshell vertebral body after open reduction and internal fixation with posterior screw-rod system for thoracolumbar spine fractures. Methods:A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the 118 patients with thoracolumbar single-segment fracture who had been treated at Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University between January 2020 and January 2023. The patients were divided into a case group (47 cases) and a control group (71 cases) according to whether an eggshell vertebral body developed in the injured vertebra after internal fixation with posterior screw-rod system. The 2 groups were compared in terms of gender, age, follow-up time, body mass index, history of primary hypertension, history of diabetes mellitus, vertebral bone quality (VBQ) score, local Cobb angle correction, presence or absence of screwing at the injured vertebra, fracture site, fracture type, presence or absence of injury to the posterior ligamentous complex, presence or absence of injury to the upper and lower discs/endplate complex in the injured vertebrae, recovery rates of the anterior, middle, and posterior heights of the injured vertebra, and preoperative and postoperative visual analog scale (VAS) for pain. After positive indicators were screened by univariate analysis ( P<0.05), they were included in a multivariate logistic regression model and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) to analyze the risk factors for the formation of eggshell vertebral body after posterior screw-rod internal fixation of thoracolumbar spine fractures. Results:Of the 118 patients, 47 developed an eggshell vertebral body after surgery. Univariate analysis showed that VBQ score, presence or absence of screwing at the injured vertebra, burst fracture type, injury to the posterior ligamentous complex, injury to the upper and lower discs/endplate complex in the injured vertebrae, recovery rate of the anterior height of the injured vertebra, recovery rate of the middle height of the injured vertebra were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis and ROC curve analysis showed that a VBQ score ≥ 2.95 points( OR=6.216, 95% CI: 1.890 to 20.441, P=0.003), a recovery rate of the anterior height of the injured vertebra ≥ 25.26% ( OR=1.097, 95% CI: 1.046 to 1.149, P<0.001), a burst fracture type ( OR=6.397, 95% CI: 1.733 to 23.617, P=0.005), and injury to the upper and lower discs/endplate complex in the injured vertebrae ( OR=7.581, 95% CI: 1.827 to 31.461, P=0.005) were significantly associated with the formation of eggshell vertebral body after open reduction and internal fixation with posterior screw-rod system for thoracolumbar spine fractures ( P<0.05). Conclusion:A VBQ score ≥ 2.95 points, a recovery rate of the anterior height of the injured vertebra ≥ 25.26%, a burst fracture type, and injury to the disc/endplate complex in the injured vertebrae are the independent risk factors for the formation of eggshell vertebral body after open reduction and internal fixation with posterior screw-rod system for thoracolumbar spine fractures.