BACKGROUND: As an essential part of health services, rehabilitation is of great significance to improve the health and quality of life of the whole population. Accelerating aging calls for a significant expansion of rehabilitation services in China, but rehabilitation needs remain unclear. We conducted the study to explore the rehabilitation needs in China and project the trend of rehabilitation needs from 2020 to 2034. METHODS: The data of health conditions that might potentially benefit from rehabilitation were obtained from Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study. Estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) were calculated to quantify the trends of the age-standardized rates. Projections of rehabilitation needs were made until 2034 using Bayesian age-period-cohort analysis (BAPC). RESULTS: Approximately 460 million persons (33.3% of the total population) need rehabilitation in China, contributing to 63 million years lived with disabilities (YLDs) in 2019. The number of prevalent cases that need rehabilitation increased from around 268 (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 257-282) million in 1990 to almost 460 (95% UI: 443-479) million in 2019, representing an increase of 71.3%. The highest contribution to the need for rehabilitation was musculoskeletal disorders with about 322 (95% UI: 302-343) million persons in seven aggregate disease and injury categories, and hearing loss with over 95 (95% UI: 84-107) million people among 25 health conditions. Based on the projection results, there will be almost 636 million people (45% of the total population) needing rehabilitation services in China by 2034, representing an increase of 38.3%. The rehabilitation needs of neoplasms, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological disorders are expected to increase significantly from 2019 to 2034, with increases of 102.3%, 88.8% and 73.2%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The need for rehabilitation in China substantially increased over the last 30 years. It is predicted that over two in five people will require rehabilitation by 2034, thus suggesting the need to develop rehabilitation services that meet individuals' rehabilitation needs.
Humans ; China/epidemiology* ; Global Burden of Disease ; Female ; Male ; Musculoskeletal Diseases/epidemiology* ; Rehabilitation/trends* ; Quality of Life ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Bayes Theorem

Objective::To explore the approach of minimally invasive transthoracic intramyocardial cellular transplantation under echocardiographic guidance to promote ischemic myocardial repair in a preclinical big-animal study.Methods::Female Guangxi Bama miniature pigs (weight: 25–30 kg) were randomly allocated into the sham group, untreated myocardial infarction (MI) group (MI group), the MI and surgical intramyocardial injection (SIM) group (MI-SIM group), and the MI and transthoracic echocardiography-guided percutaneous intramyocardial injection (TTEPIM) group (MI-TTEPIM group) ( n = 4 each) using a lottery method. A swine MI model was established in the 3 groups excluding the sham group, and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPS-CM) labeled with the herpes simplex virus type-1 thymidine kinase reporter gene (hiPS-CM TK+) were transplanted by SIM in MI-SIM group and TTEPIM in MI-TTEPIM group. The operation time, postoperative recovery time of animals and volume of blood loss were collected for comparison between MI-SIM group and MI-TTEPIM group. 9-(4-[ 18F] fluoro-3-(hydroxymethyl) butyl) guanine positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging was performed to track the hiPS-CM TK+in vivo. Cardiac function and morphology were evaluated by echocardiography. Results::The operation time and postoperative recovery time of MI-TTEPIM group were significantly shorter than those of MI-SIM group ((28.3 ± 3.6) min vs. (97.0 ± 6.7) min, P < 0.001; (1.3 ± 0.3) d vs. (7.5 ± 0.9) d, P < 0.001). MI-TTEPIM also showed significantly lesser volume of blood loss during cell transplantation than MI-SIM group ((4.3 ± 0.8) mL vs. (47.0 ± 4.1) mL, P < 0.001). The transplanted cells could be traced more accurately in vivo in MI-TTEPIM than in MI-SIM. The circumferential strain of intervention region in the MI-TTEPIM group (–25.07% ± 0.27%) was significantly higher than that of the MI-SIM (–20.39% ± 0.67%) and MI groups (–19.68% ± 0.67%), respectively ( P < 0.01). Conclusion::A minimally invasive TTEPIM protocol with stem cells for treating the ischemic myocardium was established in this study. Transplantation of hiPS-CM TK+ with this method could promote the recovery of the circumferential strain of the ischemic myocardium. The findings of this study lay a foundation for the clinical transformation of this auxiliary means of treatment in the future.

Objective::To explore the approach of minimally invasive transthoracic intramyocardial cellular transplantation under echocardiographic guidance to promote ischemic myocardial repair in a preclinical big-animal study.Methods::Female Guangxi Bama miniature pigs (weight: 25–30 kg) were randomly allocated into the sham group, untreated myocardial infarction (MI) group (MI group), the MI and surgical intramyocardial injection (SIM) group (MI-SIM group), and the MI and transthoracic echocardiography-guided percutaneous intramyocardial injection (TTEPIM) group (MI-TTEPIM group) ( n = 4 each) using a lottery method. A swine MI model was established in the 3 groups excluding the sham group, and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPS-CM) labeled with the herpes simplex virus type-1 thymidine kinase reporter gene (hiPS-CM TK+) were transplanted by SIM in MI-SIM group and TTEPIM in MI-TTEPIM group. The operation time, postoperative recovery time of animals and volume of blood loss were collected for comparison between MI-SIM group and MI-TTEPIM group. 9-(4-[ 18F] fluoro-3-(hydroxymethyl) butyl) guanine positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging was performed to track the hiPS-CM TK+in vivo. Cardiac function and morphology were evaluated by echocardiography. Results::The operation time and postoperative recovery time of MI-TTEPIM group were significantly shorter than those of MI-SIM group ((28.3 ± 3.6) min vs. (97.0 ± 6.7) min, P < 0.001; (1.3 ± 0.3) d vs. (7.5 ± 0.9) d, P < 0.001). MI-TTEPIM also showed significantly lesser volume of blood loss during cell transplantation than MI-SIM group ((4.3 ± 0.8) mL vs. (47.0 ± 4.1) mL, P < 0.001). The transplanted cells could be traced more accurately in vivo in MI-TTEPIM than in MI-SIM. The circumferential strain of intervention region in the MI-TTEPIM group (–25.07% ± 0.27%) was significantly higher than that of the MI-SIM (–20.39% ± 0.67%) and MI groups (–19.68% ± 0.67%), respectively ( P < 0.01). Conclusion::A minimally invasive TTEPIM protocol with stem cells for treating the ischemic myocardium was established in this study. Transplantation of hiPS-CM TK+ with this method could promote the recovery of the circumferential strain of the ischemic myocardium. The findings of this study lay a foundation for the clinical transformation of this auxiliary means of treatment in the future.

In 2022,breast cancer ranks the first in incidence among all malignant tumors worldwide,and it's high recurrence and fatality rate has posed serious threat to human life and health.Triple negative breast cancer(TNBC)is known for its poor prognosis among all types of breast cancer,and is often associated with elevated expression of epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR).EGFR is widely expressed on the surface of various cells.The signaling pathway mediated by EGFR is mainly involved in cell growth,proliferation and differentiation.EGFR overexpression is often closely related to tumor invasion,metastasis and prognosis.Therefore,elucidating the roles of EGFR in TNBC and developing prevention and treatment strategies correspondingly are helpful to prevent and control the occurrence of breast cancer,and improve patients'quality of life.This review summarizes the research progress in the roles of EGFR,the treatment strategies and drug resistance in TNBC,in order to provide more refence for treating and improving the prognosis of breast cancer.

According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) of the World Health Organization, the number of people with primary liver cancer is predicted to exceed 1 million per year by 2025, making it a major threat to human life and health. According to "Standardization for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2022 edition) " issued by the National Health Commission of China, locoregional interventional therapy represented by ablation and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) has become the main treatment for unresectable intermediate-advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), in which the indications for TACE include patients with stage Ⅰb to Ⅲb HCC. Locoregional interventional therapy has been proved to have a clear immune activation effect, and with the gradual promotion of immune checkpoint inhibitors in clinical trials and applications at home and abroad, the combination therapy of locoregional intervention and immune checkpoint inhibitors has shown a more effective objective response rate, slower progression time and longer survival, bringing new hope to patients with inoperable intermediate-advanced HCC.

Five new saponins, including three steroid saponins, paristenoids A-C (1-3), and two triterpenoid saponins, paristenoids D-E (4-5), along with four known ones (6-9) were isolated from the rhizomes of Paris polyphylla var. stenophylla. The structures of the isolated compounds were identified mainly by detailed spectroscopic analysis, including extensive 1D and 2D NMR, MS, as well as chemical methods. Compound 3 is a new cyclocholestanol-type steroidal saponin with a rare 6/6/6/5/5 fused-rings cholestanol skeleton, and this skeleton has been first found from the genus Paris. The cytotoxicities of the isolated compounds against three human three glioma cell lines (U87MG, U251MG and SHG44) were evaluated, and compound 7 displayed certain inhibitory effect with IC₅₀ values of 15.22 ± 1.73, 18.87 ± 1.81 and 17.64 ± 1.69 μmol·L^-1, respectively.
Humans ; Rhizome/chemistry* ; Steroids/chemistry* ; Liliaceae/chemistry* ; Saponins/chemistry* ; Triterpenes/analysis*

Bevacizumab, an anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody, has significantly improved the clinical outcomes of patients with advanced non-squamous NSCLC (ns-NSCLC). However, the safety and efficacy of bevacizumab for elderly patients with advanced NSCLC require further investigation. Thus, 59 patients were included in the present retrospective study, 22 patients in the bevacizumab plus pemetrexed and platinum (B + PP) group, and 37 patients in the pemetrexed and platinum (PP) group. For the entire cohort of patients, the median OS was 33.3 months, and the 1-year and 2-year overall survival rates were 88.5% and 67.8%, respectively. The median OS and 1-year and 2-year OS rates were 20.5 months, 70.3% and 0%, respectively, in the B + PP group and 33.4 months, 97.0% and 89.4%, respectively, in the PP group (P < 0.001). The incidence of grade ⩾ 3 adverse events was higher in the B + PP group than in the PP group (27.3% vs. 10.8%, respectively; P = 0.204). Univariate and multivariate analyses suggested that the receipt of ⩾ 5 cycles of first-line chemotherapy was an independent favorable prognostic factor for OS, whereas the addition of bevacizumab was an unfavorable prognostic factor. With increased toxicities, the addition of bevacizumab to PP does not improve the overall survival of elderly patients with advanced ns-NSCLC.
Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects* ; Bevacizumab/adverse effects* ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy* ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy* ; Pemetrexed/adverse effects* ; Platinum/therapeutic use* ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

The pathogenesis of diabetic cystopathy(DCP)is complex and early diagnosis is hindered by a lack of specific and sensitive criteria and more research is needed to establish guidelines for its clinical diagnosis and treatment.Exosomes are membrane vesicles carrying various biological information such as proteins and nucleic acids, which are critical for communication between different tissues and organs.This review discusses the potential role of exosome miRNA in the pathogenesis of DCP and its application in therapy, aiming to provide new insight into the diagnosis and treatment of DCP.

In order to obtain virus-like particles (VLPs) for prevention of bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 (BVDV-1), the C-E^rns-E1-E2 region was cloned into a pFastBacDaul vector for generating the recombinant Bacmid-BVDV-1 in DH10Bac Escherichia coli. The recombinant baculovirus Baculo-BVDV-1 was produced by transfecting the Sf9 cells with Bacmid-BVDV-1. The expressed protein and the assembled VLPs were determined by immunofluorescence, Western blotting and electron microscopy. Guinea pigs were immunized with inactivated VLPs coupled with the Montanide ISA-201 adjuvant. The immunogenicity of VLPs was evaluated by monitoring the humoral immune response with neutralizing antibody titer determination, as well as by analyzing the cell-mediated immune response with lymphocyte proliferation assay. The protective efficacy of VLPs was evaluated by challenging with 10⁶ TCID₅₀ virulent BVDV-1 strain AV69. The results showed that the recombinant Baculo-BVDV-1 efficiently expressed BVDV structural protein and form VLPs in infected Sf9 cells. The immunization of guinea pigs with VLPs resulted in a high titer (1:144) of neutralizing antibody, indicating an activated cellular immunity. Significantly lower viral RNA in the blood of the post-challenged immunized guinea pigs was observed. The successful preparation of BVDV VLPs with insect cell expression system and the observation of the associated immunogenicity may facilitate further development of a VLPs-based vaccine against BVD.
Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; Diarrhea ; Diarrhea Virus 1, Bovine Viral ; Guinea Pigs ; Mineral Oil ; Viral Envelope Proteins ; Viral Vaccines

Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is the inevitable form of most prostate cancers after endocrine therapy, and conventional drugs are not effective at this time.In this case, an elderly mCRPC patient with cardiopulmonary diseases admitted to the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University in August 2020 was selected. After the failure of traditional endocrine therapy, enzalumide+ ADT regimen was adopted, and the patient's blood PSA was significantly reduced without cardiopulmonary adverse events.