Acquired cerebral amyloid angiopathy,as a cerebrovascular disease discovered in recent years,mainly spreads through iatrogenic factors.This paper focuses on acquired cerebral amyloid angiopathy and delves into the new applications and profound implications of the"toxins damaging brain collaterals"theory proposed by academician WANG Yongyan in stroke research.Starting from the perspective of"toxins damaging brain collaterals",it comprehensively analyzes the causes and pathological mechanisms of acquired cerebral amyloid angiopathy,emphasizing the importance of external toxins,latent toxins,and turbid toxins in understanding the pathogenesis of the disease.It reveals that"toxins damaging brain collaterals"is the core mechanism of acquired cerebral amyloid angiopathy.On this basis,it proposes a new connotation of"toxins damaging brain collaterals":first,"toxin"includes both internal and external toxins;second,the organic integration of"external wind theory"and"toxins damaging brain collaterals"guides the improvement of theoretical research,clinical treatment,and prevention strategies for stroke,and promotes a deeper understanding of the disease.This approach to understanding acquired cerebral amyloid angiopathy from the perspective of"toxins damaging brain collaterals"not only demonstrates the effective integration of traditional Chinese medicine theory and modern biomedical science,but also provides insights and references for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

Objective To mine and analyze cutaneous adverse drug event(ADE)of eight antibody-drug conjugates(ADC),and to ensure the safe clinical use of ADC drugs.Methods The data was obtained from the U.S.Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System(FAERS)for the period from the third quarter of 2011 to the fourth quarter of 2023.The cutaneous ADE associated with 8 eight ADC drugs were identified through the process of specification and standardization of nomenclature.The potential ADE signals were detected using the reporting odds ratio and Bayesian confidence propagation neural network methods.Results A total of 124 234 ADE reports were identified with the 8 ADC drugs as the first suspected drugs,including 5 184 reports of cutaneous ADEs adverse reactions,involving 3 225 patients.A total of 72 preferred term signals were detected for the 8 ADC drugs.The highest number of signals were detected for enfortumab vedotin,followed by ado-trastuzumab emtansine and brentuximab vedotin.Except for detrolizumab,the first-day incidence of cutaneous ADEs associated with the remaining 7 ADC drugs was less than 30％.The median time of occurrence for the 7 drugs,excluding brentuximab vedotin,was within one course of treatment(21 d).Conclusion The risks of cutaneous ADEs was variable with ADC drugs,occurs early in treatment and poses a potential life-threatening danger.Therefore,clinical vigilance and close monitoring of skin conditions are essential during ADC drug use.

As the National Health Commission changes the management of novel corona virus infection, the situation and preventive policies for controlling the epidemic have also entered a new stage in China. Perioperative care strategies for orthopedic trauma such as designated isolation and nucleic acid test screening have also been adjusted in the new stage. Based on the perioperative work experiences in the new stage of epidemic from the frontline anti-epidemic staff of orthopedics in domestic hospitals and combined with the literature and relevant evidence-based medical data in perioperative care of orthopedic trauma patients under the current anti-epidemic policies at home and abroad, Chinese Orthopedic Association and Chinese Society of Traumatology organized relevant experts to formulate the Guideline for clinical perioperative care of orthopedic trauma patients in the new stage of novel corona virus infection ( version 2023). The guideline summarized 16 recommendations from the aspects of preoperative diagnosis and treatment, infection prevention, emergency operation and postoperative management to systematically standardize the perioperative clinical pathways, diagnosis and treatment processes of orthopedic trauma in the new stage of novel corona virus infection, so as to provide a guidance and reference for hospitals at all levels to carry out relevant work in current epidemic control policies.

Chronic refractory wound (CRW) is one of the most challengeable issues in clinic due to complex pathogenesis, long course of disease and poor prognosis. Experts need to conduct systematic summary for the diagnosis and treatment of CRW due to complex pathogenesis and poor prognosis, and standard guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of CRW should be created. The Guideline forthe diagnosis and treatment of chronic refractory wounds in orthopedic trauma patients ( version 2023) was created by the expert group organized by the Chinese Association of Orthopedic Surgeons, Chinese Orthopedic Association, Chinese Society of Traumatology, and Trauma Orthopedics and Multiple Traumatology Group of Emergency Resuscitation Committee of Chinese Medical Doctor Association after the clinical problems were chosen based on demand-driven principles and principles of evidence-based medicine. The guideline systematically elaborated CRW from aspects of the epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, postoperative management, complication prevention and comorbidity management, and rehabilitation and health education, and 9 recommendations were finally proposed to provide a reliable clinical reference for the diagnosis and treatment of CRW.

Objective:To explore the effect of nursing interventions based on individual and family self-management theory (IFSMT) on postoperative rehabilitation of patients undergoing percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic surgery.Methods:A total of 835 patients who underwent percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic surgery in Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital from January 2018 to January 2020 were selected as research objects by the convenient sampling method. According to the random envelope method, patients were divided into the control group ( n=417) and the observation group ( n=418) according to the approximate 1∶1 standard. The control group was given routine nursing intervention, while the observation group was given nursing intervention based on IFSMT on the basis of the control group. The differences in self-management ability, postoperative recovery time, lumbar functional recovery, pain score and postoperative complication rate before and after intervention were compared between the two groups. Results:After intervention, the scores of treatment management, psychological management, life management and knowledge and skill management in the observation group were higher than those before intervention and were higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.01). The hospitalization days, self-care time and work recovery time of observation group were shorter than those of control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.01). After intervention, the Oswestry dysfunction index and pain score in the observation group were lower than those before intervention and lower than those in the control group. The treatment score evaluated by the Japanese Orthopedic Association was higher than that before intervention and higher than that of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.01). The incidence of postoperative complications in observation group was lower than that in control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:IFSMT based nursing intervention for patients undergoing percutaneous foraminal endoscopic surgery is beneficial to postoperative rehabilitation of patients, which is worthy of clinical promotion.

Stress might exaggerate the compulsion and impair the working memory of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). This study evaluated the effect of stress on the cognitive neural processing of working memory in OCD and its clinical significance using a “number calculation working memory” task. Thirty-eight patients and 55 gender- and education-matched healthy controls were examined. Stress impaired the performance of the manipulation task in patients. Healthy controls showed less engagement of the medial prefrontal cortex and striatum during the task under stress versus less stress, which was absent in the patients with OCD. The diagnosis × stress interaction effect was significant in the right fusiform, supplementary motor area, precentral cortex and caudate. The failure of suppression of the medial prefrontal cortex and striatum and stress-related hyperactivation in the right fusiform, supplementary motor area, precentral cortex, and caudate might be an OCD-related psychopathological and neural response to stress.

Objective: To establish a solvent desorption gas chromatographic method for determination of Sevoflurane, Isoflurane and Enflurane in the air of the Workplace. Methods: Sevoflurane, Isoflurane and Enflurane were collected with activated carbon tube and desorbed with dichloromethane, separated with DB-1 capillary columns, and then detected with flame ionization detector. Results: The linearity ranges were 1.9-304.8 μg/ml for Sevoflurane, 2.1-300.4 μg/ml for Isoflurane and 1.7-305.2 μg/ml for Enflurane, The correlation coefficient was both >0.999. Their limits of detection were 0.6 μg/ml, 0.6 μg/ml and 0.5 μg/ml, and Their limits of quatification were 1.9 μg/ml, 2.1 μg/ml and 1.7 μg/ml, and their minimum detectable concentrations were 0.1、0.2 and 0.1 mg/m³ per 4.5 L of air. Their relative standard deviations (RSD) were 2.5%-3.0%, 2.3%-3.1% and 2.2%-3.0%. The average desorption efficiencies were 101.1%-103.3%, 100.7%-102.7% and 101.0%-102.9%. The sampling efficiency was both 100%. The breakthrough volume of 100 mg actived carbon was 3.7 mg, 3.4 mg and 3.4 mg. Sevoflurane, Isoflurane and Enflurane in activated carbon tube could be kept at least 10 days at room temperature without significant losses. Conclusion The method shows lower detection limit, high accuracy and precision. It is feasible for determination of Sevoflurane, Isoflurane and Enflurane in the air of workplace.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT) proposed a set of minimal markers for identifying human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) in 2007. Since then, with the growing interest of better characterising hMSCs, various additional surface markers have been proposed. However, the impact of how culture conditions, in particular, the culture surface, vary the expression of hMSC markers was overlooked. METHODS AND RESULTS: In this study, we utilized the RNA sequencing data on hMSCs cultured on different surfaces to investigate the variation of the proposed hMSC biomarkers. One of the three ISCT proposed positive biomarker, CD90 was found to be significantly down regulated on hMSCs culture on fibrous surfaces when compared to flat surfaces. The detected gene expression values for 177 hMSCs biomarkers compiled from the literature are reported here. Correlation and cluster analysis revealed the existence of different biomarker communities that displayed a similar expression profile. We found a list of hMSCs biomarkers which are the least sensitive to a change in surface properties and another list of biomarkers which are found to have high sensitivity to a change in surface properties. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that substrate properties have paramount effect on altering the expressions of hMSCs biomarkers and the proposed list of substrate-stable and substrate-sensitive biomarkers would better assist in the population characterisation. However, proteomic level analysis would be essential to confirm the observations noted.
Biomarkers ; Chemistry ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; Quality Control ; Regenerative Medicine ; Sequence Analysis, RNA ; Surface Properties ; Transcriptome

Objective To investigate if anesthetic sensitivity to propofol will be restored after biliary decompression.Methods Twenty-four adult male SD rats were randomly assigned into 3 groups:sham group (group S),irreversible obstructive jaundice group (group Ⅰ) and reversible obstructive jaundice group (group R).The serum total bilirubin (TBL) and total bile acid (TBA) concentratins were detected in the rat blood samples collected from the caudal vein before and after the operation,3,7,14,21 d respectively.Propofol was administered to measure the time of loss of righting reflex and recovery pre or 7th and 21th day post ligation.Results Serum TBL and TBA in group Ⅰ and serum TBA in group R were significantly higher than that in group S on 3rd,7th,14th,21th day post surgery(P＜0.05).Compared with group S,seum TBL in group R were significantly high on 3rd,7th,14th day post-surgery.Serm TBL and TBA in group R were significantly lower than group Ⅰ on 14th,21th day post-surgery (P＜0.05).Compared with group S,the time to loss of righting reflex in group I and group R were significantly shortened and the time to recovery were significantly increased on 7th day post-surgery (P＜0.05).Conclusion Obstructive jaundice could significantly potentiate the ability of propofol to induce a loss of righting reflex,and the increased anesthesia sensitivity will be restored after biliary decompression.

Objective To evaluate the role of the angiotensin Ⅱ type 2 receptor (AT2R) in repeated propofol anesthesia-induced neuroapoptosis in the basal ganglia of newborn rats.Methods Fiftyfour pathogen-free Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 7 days,weighing 10-15 g,were divided into 3 groups (n=18 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),repeated propofol anesthesia group (group P) and AT2R agonist CGP42112A group (group G).In group C,0.9％ sodium chloride injection 3 ml/kg was intraperitoneally injected,and half of the initial dose 1.5 ml/kg was given every 20 min for 5 times in total,lasting for 3 consecutive days.In group P,propofol 30 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected,and half of the initial dose 15 mg/kg was given every 20 min for 5 times in total,lasting for 3 consecutive days.In group G,CGP42112A 1 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected,propofol 30 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected 5 min later,and half of the initial dose of propofol 15 mg/kg was given every 20 min for 5 times in total,lasting for 3 consecutive days.Six rats were sacrificed at 2 h after emergence from anesthesia,and brains were removed for detection of neuroapoptosis in the basal ganglia by TUNEL assay.The apoptosis index was calculated.Another 6 rats were sacrificed,and the basal ganglia were isolated from brains to detect the expression of activated caspase-3,AT2R and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) (by Western blot) and the expression of AT2R and PPARγ mRNA (by real-time polymerase chain reaction).The other 6 rats were fed until 28 days old,and the cognitive function was then assessed using Morris water maze test.Results Compared with group C,the escape latency was significantly prolonged,the time of staying at the target quadrant was shortened,the frequency of crossing the platform was decreased,the apoptosis index of the basal ganglia was increased,the expression of activated caspase-3 was up-regulated,and the expression of AT2R and PPARγprotein and mRNA was down-regulated in group P (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above in group G (P＞0.05).Compared with group P,the escape latency was significantly shortened,the time of staying at the target quadrant was prolonged,the frequency of crossing the platform was increased,the apoptosis index of the basal ganglia was decreased,the expression of activated caspase-3 was down-regulated,and the expression of AT2R and PPARγ protein and mRNA was up-regulated in group G (P＜0.05).Conclusion Inhibited activation of AT2R is involved in repeated propofol anesthesia-induced neuroapoptosis in the basal ganglia of newborn rats.