Objective The aim of this study is to discuss the causal relationship between periodontal disease(PD)and prostate cancer(PCa).Methods A two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis based on publicly statistical data from genome-wide association studies(GWAS)was conducted.MR Egger,weighted medium,simple mode and weighted mode were supplemented,while inverse variance weighted analysis(IVW)was the main method of analysis.Heterogeneity testing,pleiotropy testing and leave-one-out testing were used to assess the sensitivity and stabili-ty.Results The results of MR analysis showed that PD had no significant impact on the occurrence of PCa:East Asian(IVW,PD:OR=1.07,P=0.48);European(IVW,PD:OR=1.00,P=0.37,periodontitis:OR=1.03,P=0.14,chronic gingivitis:OR=0.99,P=0.37,chronic periodontitis:OR=1.03,P=0.22).The reverse MR analysis also did not show a causal relationship between PCa and PD:East Asian(IVW,PD:OR=0.97,P=0.22);European(IVW,PD:OR=0.84,P=0.44,periodontitis:OR=1.01,P=0.75,chronic gingivitis:OR=0.93,P=0.23,chronic periodontitis:OR=0.99,P=0.80).The results of other analysis were consistent with those of IVW analysis.Conclusions The results of our two-sample bidirectional MR analysis do not support a causal relationship between PD and PCa.

Objective The aim of this study is to discuss the causal relationship between periodontal disease(PD)and prostate cancer(PCa).Methods A two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis based on publicly statistical data from genome-wide association studies(GWAS)was conducted.MR Egger,weighted medium,simple mode and weighted mode were supplemented,while inverse variance weighted analysis(IVW)was the main method of analysis.Heterogeneity testing,pleiotropy testing and leave-one-out testing were used to assess the sensitivity and stabili-ty.Results The results of MR analysis showed that PD had no significant impact on the occurrence of PCa:East Asian(IVW,PD:OR=1.07,P=0.48);European(IVW,PD:OR=1.00,P=0.37,periodontitis:OR=1.03,P=0.14,chronic gingivitis:OR=0.99,P=0.37,chronic periodontitis:OR=1.03,P=0.22).The reverse MR analysis also did not show a causal relationship between PCa and PD:East Asian(IVW,PD:OR=0.97,P=0.22);European(IVW,PD:OR=0.84,P=0.44,periodontitis:OR=1.01,P=0.75,chronic gingivitis:OR=0.93,P=0.23,chronic periodontitis:OR=0.99,P=0.80).The results of other analysis were consistent with those of IVW analysis.Conclusions The results of our two-sample bidirectional MR analysis do not support a causal relationship between PD and PCa.

Intensive cancer treatment with drug combination is widely exploited in the clinic but suffers from inconsistent pharmacokinetics among different therapeutic agents.To overcome it,the emerging nanomedicine offers an unparalleled opportunity for encapsulating multiple drugs in a nano-carrier.Herein,a two-step super-assembled strategy was performed to unify the pharmacokinetics of a pep-tide and a small molecular compound.In this proof-of-concept study,the bioinformatics analysis firstly revealed the potential synergies towards hepatoma therapy for the associative inhibition of exportin 1(XPO1)and ataxia telangiectasia mutated-Rad3-related(ATR),and then a super-assembled nano-pill(gold nano drug carrier loaded AZD6738 and 97-110 amino acids of apoptin(AP)(AA@G))was con-structed through camouflaging AZD6738(ATR small-molecule inhibitor)-binding human serum albumin onto the AP-Au supramolecular nanoparticle.As expected,both in vitro and in vivo experiment results verified that the AA@G possessed extraordinary biocompatibility and enhanced therapeutic effect through inducing cell cycle arrest,promoting DNA damage and inhibiting DNA repair of hepatoma cell.This work not only provides a co-delivery strategy for intensive liver cancer treatment with the clinical translational potential,but develops a common approach to unify the pharmacokinetics of peptide and small-molecular compounds,thereby extending the scope of drugs for developing the advanced com-bination therapy.

The clinical data of 4 children with congenital absence of tracheal cartilage ring in Qilu Children′s Hospital of Shandong University from November 2017 to August 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.The age of the 4 cases was from 2 months to 1 year.One case had no obvious symptoms after birth, and then had repeated wheezing attacks for 3 times.Another 3 cases had symptoms after birth, such as throat ringing, repeated cough and asthma.Bronchoscopy in 4 cases indicated that the local lumen of trachea was round and centripetal stenosis, but the body of bronchoscope could pass smoothly, and no cartilage structure was found in the wall of trachea.Among them, 3 cases of chest enhanced CT examination displayed local and hourglass-like tracheal stenosis, without vascular ring malformation.All the 4 cases were treated by operation, of which 3 cases recovered well and 1 case died of severe infection after operation.

Objective To detect the expression of Mcl-1 gene in gastric cancer cell lines SGC7901 and MGC-803, and to screen the most effective Mcl-1-targeted siRNA sequence. Methods Mcl-1 expression was evaluated in human gastric cancer cell lines SGC7901 and MGC-803 by RT-PCR. Four segments of siRNAs (siRNA1, siRNA2, siRNA3 and siRNA4) targeting Mcl-1 mRNA and a no-sense control segment were designed by bioinformatic technology . Mcl-1 specific siRNAs were transfected transiently into SGC7901 and MGC-803 cells by using lipofectamine 2000 . After transfected 24 , 48 and 72 h , quantitative real-time PCR was applied to detect the mRNA expression of Mcl-1 and western-blot analysis was applied to detect the protein expression. Results Mcl-1 gene was expressed in both SGC7901 and MGC-803 cells. Overall, siRNA1 exhibited the best inhibitory effect after being transfected for 48h. The inhibition rate of mRNA level in SGC7901 group and MGC-803 group was 73.8%and 67.6%, and the inhibition rate of protein level in SGC7901 group and MGC-803 group was 79.3%and 96.1%. Conclusion Mcl-1 specific siRNA sequences were successfully designed, and siRNA1 was selected as the most effective sequence, which can simultanandeously inhibit the expression of Mcl-1 in GC7901 and MGC-803 cells.

Objective To investigate the effect of inhibiting Mcl-1 gene expression on the biological behavior of gas-tric cancer cell MGC-803 by using a small interference RNA (siRNA). Methods Synthesized siRNA targeting Mcl-1(Mcl-1 siRNA group) was transfected into MGC-803 cells. On the other hand, MGC-803 cells transfected with negative siRNA (Mcl-1siRNA-NC group), MGC-803 cells transfected with Lipofectamine 2000(liposomes control group)and vacant MGC-803 cells(blank control group)were used as controls. Proliferation of MGC-803 cells after transfection of Mcl-1 siRNA was investigated by MTT assay. After 48 h transfection of Mcl-1 siRNA, flow cytometry (FCM) was used to examine the apoptosis cells and cell cycle in all four groups. Polycarbonate membrane transwell chamber was used for evaluating the invasion and migration of the cell line. Results The absorbance of MGC-803 cells decreased greatly after transfected with Mcl-1siRNA for 24、48 and 72 h compared to those in control groups (P＜0.05);After transfected 48 h, apoptosis rate in Mcl-1siRNA group was higher than in the blank control group, liposomes control group and Mcl-1siRNA-NC group (%:19.61 ± 1.66 vs 3.69±0.37 vs 3.54±0.47 vs 3.68±0.55,F=12.230, P＜0.05),G0/G1 [(41.03±1.86)%] and G2/M phase ratio [(1.80± 0.46)%] in Mcl-1 siRNA group were lower than in the three control groups, S phase ratio [(57.17±1.72)%] in siRNA group was higher than in three control groups (P＜0.05). The number of transmembrane cells in Mcl-1 siRNA group in polycarbonate mem-brane transwell chamber experiment (42.00 ± 4.00,76.33 ± 3.51 respectively) were less than in blank control group (79.33 ± 3.51,108.00 ± 3.61 respectively), liposome control group (74.67 ± 2.52,110.67 ± 4.04 respectively) and negative control group (77.33 ± 3.06,109.33 ± 4.51 respectively). However, there was no significant difference in above index among the control groups. Conclusion Inhibitiing Mcl-1 expression can effectively suppress growth, invasion and migration, but promote apoptosis in gastric cancer cells.