Cancer stands as a significant global public health challenge, and cancer screening serves as a pivotal strategy for reducing its mortality. Presently, only a limited number of cancer types have appropriate screening methods available. Traditional single-cancer screening approaches are fraught with limitations, including invasiveness, low accuracy, and poor patient compliance. Multi-cancer early detection (MCED) leveraging liquid biopsy technology enables non-invasive and efficient early detection of multiple cancers by analyzing biomarkers such as cell-free DNA, cell-free RNA, proteins, and metabolites in blood and other bodily fluids. This innovative approach substantially broadens the spectrum of detectable cancers and enhances population coverage, showcasing immense potential for improving existing cancer screening strategies. This expert consensus comprehensively reviews the progress of liquid biopsy-based MCED, biomarker selection and detection technologies, the criteria for cancer type selection, research design and clinical utility evaluation, as well as implementation pathways. The overarching goal of this consensus is to offer scientific guidance for further research and the widespread adoption of MCED, thereby facilitating the continuous optimization of cancer screening strategies.

Objective·To assess the number and distribution of cerebral microbleeds(CMBs)in patients with end-stage renal disease(ESRD)using susceptibility-weighted imaging(SWI),and to explore the relationship between SWI-detected imaging features and cognitive impairment.Methods·Hospitalized ESRD patients who had received dialysis treatment for more than one year at Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,between January 2023 and March 2024 were included.All patients underwent conventional MRI sequences and SWI scanning.The number and regional distribution of CMBs were recorded.Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA).Patients with MoCA scores≥26 were classified into the ESRD without cognitive impairment group,and those with scores<26 were placed in the ESRD with cognitive impairment group.The presence and number of CMBs were analyzed in relation to cognitive impairment.The distribution of CMBs in various brain regions was examined,and correlations between the number of CMBs in specific regions and the severity of cognitive impairment were evaluated.Results·A total of 38 patients were enrolled,including 16 in the ESRD with cognitive impairment group and 22 in the non-impaired group.CMBs were more frequently observed in the cognitively impaired group(14 cases,87.50%)compared to the non-impaired group(12 cases,54.55%),with a statistically significant difference(P=0.033).The impaired group had more CMBs(106 in total),primarily located in bilateral cortical and subcortical regions(59.43%)and the basal ganglia(19.81%).In contrast,the non-impaired group had fewer CMBs(47 in total),mainly located in the bilateral basal ganglia(46.80%)and cortical and subcortical regions(40.43%),with all regional distribution differences being statistically significant(both P<0.05).Among those with cognitive impairment,the number of CMBs in the cortical and subcortical areas was significantly negatively correlated with cognitive function(r=-0.718,P=0.030).Conclusion·The number and distribution of CMBs detected by SWI in ESRD patients are associated with both the presence and severity of cognitive impairment.SWI can be used to identify CMBs formation and localization in ESRD patients,thereby aiding in the assessment of cognitive dysfunction.

Cancer stands as a significant global public health challenge,and cancer screening serves as a pivotal strategy for reducing its mortality.Presently,only a limited number of cancer types have appropriate screening methods available.Traditional single-cancer screen-ing approaches are fraught with limitations,including invasiveness,low accuracy,and poor patient compliance.Multi-cancer early detection(MCED)leveraging liquid biopsy technology enables non-invasive and efficient early detection of multiple cancers by analyzing biomarkers such as cell-free DNA,cell-free RNA,proteins,and metabolites in blood and other bodily fluids.This innovative approach substantially broadens the spectrum of detectable cancers and enhances population coverage,showcasing immense potential for improving existing can-cer screening strategies.This expert consensus comprehensively reviews the progress of liquid biopsy-based MCED,biomarker selection and detection technologies,the criteria for cancer type selection,research design and clinical utility evaluation,as well as implementation path-ways.The overarching goal of this consensus is to offer scientific guidance for further research and the widespread adoption of MCED,thereby facilitating the continuous optimization of cancer screening strategies.

One of the basic questions in the aging field is whether there is a fundamental difference between the aging of lower invertebrates and mammals. A major difference between the lower invertebrates and mammals is the abundancy of noncoding RNAs, most of which are not conserved. We have previously identified a noncoding RNA Terc-53 that is derived from the RNA component of telomerase Terc. To study its physiological functions, we generated two transgenic mouse models overexpressing the RNA in wild-type and early-aging Terc-/- backgrounds. Terc-53 mice showed age-related cognition decline and shortened life span, even though no developmental defects or physiological abnormality at an early age was observed, indicating its involvement in normal aging of mammals. Subsequent mechanistic study identified hyaluronan-mediated motility receptor (Hmmr) as the main effector of Terc-53. Terc-53 mediates the degradation of Hmmr, leading to an increase of inflammation in the affected tissues, accelerating organismal aging. adeno-associated virus delivered supplementation of Hmmr in the hippocampus reversed the cognition decline in Terc-53 transgenic mice. Neither Terc-53 nor Hmmr has homologs in C. elegans. Neither do arthropods express hyaluronan. These findings demonstrate the complexity of aging in mammals and open new paths for exploring noncoding RNA and Hmmr as means of treating age-related physical debilities and improving healthspan.
Animals ; Mice ; RNA, Untranslated/metabolism* ; Aging/genetics* ; Mice, Transgenic ; Telomerase/metabolism* ; RNA/genetics* ; Hippocampus/metabolism* ; Humans ; Mice, Inbred C57BL

Objective·To assess the number and distribution of cerebral microbleeds(CMBs)in patients with end-stage renal disease(ESRD)using susceptibility-weighted imaging(SWI),and to explore the relationship between SWI-detected imaging features and cognitive impairment.Methods·Hospitalized ESRD patients who had received dialysis treatment for more than one year at Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,between January 2023 and March 2024 were included.All patients underwent conventional MRI sequences and SWI scanning.The number and regional distribution of CMBs were recorded.Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA).Patients with MoCA scores≥26 were classified into the ESRD without cognitive impairment group,and those with scores<26 were placed in the ESRD with cognitive impairment group.The presence and number of CMBs were analyzed in relation to cognitive impairment.The distribution of CMBs in various brain regions was examined,and correlations between the number of CMBs in specific regions and the severity of cognitive impairment were evaluated.Results·A total of 38 patients were enrolled,including 16 in the ESRD with cognitive impairment group and 22 in the non-impaired group.CMBs were more frequently observed in the cognitively impaired group(14 cases,87.50%)compared to the non-impaired group(12 cases,54.55%),with a statistically significant difference(P=0.033).The impaired group had more CMBs(106 in total),primarily located in bilateral cortical and subcortical regions(59.43%)and the basal ganglia(19.81%).In contrast,the non-impaired group had fewer CMBs(47 in total),mainly located in the bilateral basal ganglia(46.80%)and cortical and subcortical regions(40.43%),with all regional distribution differences being statistically significant(both P<0.05).Among those with cognitive impairment,the number of CMBs in the cortical and subcortical areas was significantly negatively correlated with cognitive function(r=-0.718,P=0.030).Conclusion·The number and distribution of CMBs detected by SWI in ESRD patients are associated with both the presence and severity of cognitive impairment.SWI can be used to identify CMBs formation and localization in ESRD patients,thereby aiding in the assessment of cognitive dysfunction.

Cancer stands as a significant global public health challenge,and cancer screening serves as a pivotal strategy for reducing its mortality.Presently,only a limited number of cancer types have appropriate screening methods available.Traditional single-cancer screen-ing approaches are fraught with limitations,including invasiveness,low accuracy,and poor patient compliance.Multi-cancer early detection(MCED)leveraging liquid biopsy technology enables non-invasive and efficient early detection of multiple cancers by analyzing biomarkers such as cell-free DNA,cell-free RNA,proteins,and metabolites in blood and other bodily fluids.This innovative approach substantially broadens the spectrum of detectable cancers and enhances population coverage,showcasing immense potential for improving existing can-cer screening strategies.This expert consensus comprehensively reviews the progress of liquid biopsy-based MCED,biomarker selection and detection technologies,the criteria for cancer type selection,research design and clinical utility evaluation,as well as implementation path-ways.The overarching goal of this consensus is to offer scientific guidance for further research and the widespread adoption of MCED,thereby facilitating the continuous optimization of cancer screening strategies.

Cancer stands as a significant global public health challenge, and cancer screening serves as a pivotal strategy for reducing its mortality. Presently, only a limited number of cancer types have appropriate screening methods available. Traditional single-cancer screening approaches are fraught with limitations, including invasiveness, low accuracy, and poor patient compliance. Multi-cancer early detection (MCED) leveraging liquid biopsy technology enables non-invasive and efficient early detection of multiple cancers by analyzing biomarkers such as cell-free DNA, cell-free RNA, proteins, and metabolites in blood and other bodily fluids. This innovative approach substantially broadens the spectrum of detectable cancers and enhances population coverage, showcasing immense potential for improving existing cancer screening strategies. This expert consensus comprehensively reviews the progress of liquid biopsy-based MCED, biomarker selection and detection technologies, the criteria for cancer type selection, research design and clinical utility evaluation, as well as implementation pathways. The overarching goal of this consensus is to offer scientific guidance for further research and the widespread adoption of MCED, thereby facilitating the continuous optimization of cancer screening strategies.

Objective To explore the mechanism of lipid metabolism disorder promoting the progress of lung cancer based on the oxidized low density lipoprotein(ox-LDL)/human lectin-like oxidized low density lipopro-tein receptor 1(LOX-1)signaling pathway.Methods Eighty-one identified lung adenocarcinoma tissues with paired adjacent non-cancerous tissues(at least 5 cm away from the tumor)were collected from our hospital,and the expression of LOX-1 was detected by immunohistochemistry.LOX-1 was overexpressed in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines(A549 and H1299 cells).Cell invasion ability was measured by Transwell.Cells were treated with different concentrations of oxLDL,and cellular LOX-1 expression was investigated.Results LOX-1 staining in the tumor was significantly stronger than that in the non-cancerous tissue samples(99.4 vs.16.2 for median H score,P<0.001).High LOX-1 expression was significantly correlated with low survival(P<0.001).As compared with the patients without lymph node metastasis,those with lymph node metastasis had higher LOX-1 level(83.2 vs.121.1 for median H score,P<0.01).Overexpression of LOX-1 in lung cancer cells significantly promoted the number of invasive and metastatic cells(P<0.01).In addition,LOX-1 was an essential functional target for oxLDL-induced metastasis of lung cancer cells.Itatinib inhibited the metastasis of LOX-1 overexpressed A549 in vitro.Conclusions With an increase in oxLDL level,the expression of LOX-1 increases.Up-regulation of LOX-1 promotes metastasis of lung cancer,and its mechanism may be related to activation of the JAK1/STAT6 signaling pathway.

Objective:To explore role of miR-146a in regulating TLR4/NF-κB pathway on inflammatory injury and neuropro-tection in intracerebral hemorrhage model rats and its possible mechanism.Methods:A total of 40 rats were selected and randomly divided into sham,model,over-expressing miR-146a adenovirus and negative virus injection groups,with 10 rats in each group.Garcia score was used for neurological function;HE staining was used to observe changes of brain tissues.ELISA was used to detect inflammatory factors levels.TLR4,NF-κB protein and gene expressions in brain tissues were detected by Western blot and RT-PCR.Results:Compared with model group,neural function score of overexpressed miR-146a adenovirus injection group was increased(P<0.05).Model group had abnormal cell morphology,edema and inflammation.Cell morphology,edema and inflammation were alleviated in overexpressed miR-146a adenovirus injection group.Inflammatory factors levels in model group were higher than sham group(P<0.05).Inflammatory factors levels in overexpressed miR-146a adenovirus injection group were lower than model group(P<0.05).TLR4,NF-κB protein and mRNA expressions in model group were increased than sham group(P<0.05).TLR4,NF-κB protein and mRNA expressions in overexpressed miR-146a adenovirus injection group were decreased than model group(P<0.05).Conclusion:miR-146a can improve neural function and reduce inflammatory injury in rats with intracerebral hemorrhage,possibly by inhibiting activation of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and reducing inflammatory factors levels of brain tissues.