Cancer stands as a significant global public health challenge,and cancer screening serves as a pivotal strategy for reducing its mortality.Presently,only a limited number of cancer types have appropriate screening methods available.Traditional single-cancer screen-ing approaches are fraught with limitations,including invasiveness,low accuracy,and poor patient compliance.Multi-cancer early detection(MCED)leveraging liquid biopsy technology enables non-invasive and efficient early detection of multiple cancers by analyzing biomarkers such as cell-free DNA,cell-free RNA,proteins,and metabolites in blood and other bodily fluids.This innovative approach substantially broadens the spectrum of detectable cancers and enhances population coverage,showcasing immense potential for improving existing can-cer screening strategies.This expert consensus comprehensively reviews the progress of liquid biopsy-based MCED,biomarker selection and detection technologies,the criteria for cancer type selection,research design and clinical utility evaluation,as well as implementation path-ways.The overarching goal of this consensus is to offer scientific guidance for further research and the widespread adoption of MCED,thereby facilitating the continuous optimization of cancer screening strategies.

Cancer stands as a significant global public health challenge, and cancer screening serves as a pivotal strategy for reducing its mortality. Presently, only a limited number of cancer types have appropriate screening methods available. Traditional single-cancer screening approaches are fraught with limitations, including invasiveness, low accuracy, and poor patient compliance. Multi-cancer early detection (MCED) leveraging liquid biopsy technology enables non-invasive and efficient early detection of multiple cancers by analyzing biomarkers such as cell-free DNA, cell-free RNA, proteins, and metabolites in blood and other bodily fluids. This innovative approach substantially broadens the spectrum of detectable cancers and enhances population coverage, showcasing immense potential for improving existing cancer screening strategies. This expert consensus comprehensively reviews the progress of liquid biopsy-based MCED, biomarker selection and detection technologies, the criteria for cancer type selection, research design and clinical utility evaluation, as well as implementation pathways. The overarching goal of this consensus is to offer scientific guidance for further research and the widespread adoption of MCED, thereby facilitating the continuous optimization of cancer screening strategies.

Cancer stands as a significant global public health challenge,and cancer screening serves as a pivotal strategy for reducing its mortality.Presently,only a limited number of cancer types have appropriate screening methods available.Traditional single-cancer screen-ing approaches are fraught with limitations,including invasiveness,low accuracy,and poor patient compliance.Multi-cancer early detection(MCED)leveraging liquid biopsy technology enables non-invasive and efficient early detection of multiple cancers by analyzing biomarkers such as cell-free DNA,cell-free RNA,proteins,and metabolites in blood and other bodily fluids.This innovative approach substantially broadens the spectrum of detectable cancers and enhances population coverage,showcasing immense potential for improving existing can-cer screening strategies.This expert consensus comprehensively reviews the progress of liquid biopsy-based MCED,biomarker selection and detection technologies,the criteria for cancer type selection,research design and clinical utility evaluation,as well as implementation path-ways.The overarching goal of this consensus is to offer scientific guidance for further research and the widespread adoption of MCED,thereby facilitating the continuous optimization of cancer screening strategies.

Cancer stands as a significant global public health challenge, and cancer screening serves as a pivotal strategy for reducing its mortality. Presently, only a limited number of cancer types have appropriate screening methods available. Traditional single-cancer screening approaches are fraught with limitations, including invasiveness, low accuracy, and poor patient compliance. Multi-cancer early detection (MCED) leveraging liquid biopsy technology enables non-invasive and efficient early detection of multiple cancers by analyzing biomarkers such as cell-free DNA, cell-free RNA, proteins, and metabolites in blood and other bodily fluids. This innovative approach substantially broadens the spectrum of detectable cancers and enhances population coverage, showcasing immense potential for improving existing cancer screening strategies. This expert consensus comprehensively reviews the progress of liquid biopsy-based MCED, biomarker selection and detection technologies, the criteria for cancer type selection, research design and clinical utility evaluation, as well as implementation pathways. The overarching goal of this consensus is to offer scientific guidance for further research and the widespread adoption of MCED, thereby facilitating the continuous optimization of cancer screening strategies.

Objective To analyze the internal and external environment of nursing scientific research management by using SWOT analysis method,so as to promote the improvement of nursing scientific research work in our hospital.Methods Based on the analysis of the strength,weakness,opportunities and threats of nursing staff in scientific research activities in our hospital,this paper draws some conclusions and puts forward corresponding measures according to the analysis results.Results With the continuous development of nursing discipline in our hospital,the construction of the platform was improved,and the nursing scientific research work was improved.However,funding,personnel,consciousness and so on,have become the bottleneck restricting the development of nursing research in our hospital.Combined with the opportunities and challenges,a number of improvement measures are put forward.Conclusions We should strengthen the management of nursing scientific research,improve the relevant systems and measures to improve the internal and external environment,and promote the level and quality of nursing research activities in our hospital.

Objective: To analyze the trends of development and equity of health institutions in China during the period from 2002 to 2013 , and put forward references to optimize the decision-making on health resources alloca-tion. Methods:Statistical map, Gini coefficient and other methods were used to analyze the distribution and equity of health institutions in China for 12 years, during the period from 2002 to 2013. Results:(1) The overall development of health institutions is on the rise in China, and the distribution density of health resources with the population ad-justment is opposite to the adjustment of both population and geographic area at the same time. (2) In the past 12 years, the number of tertiary hospitals showed an increasing trend, and growth in the eastern region was the most sig-nificant. (3) From 2002 to 2013, the Gini coefficient of the number of health institutions and beds per 1,000 per-sons per square kilometer was maintained at 0. 40, and decreased from 0. 70 to 0. 60 in the eastern region of China, respectively. This same number was maintained at 0. 40 and 0. 20 in the central and western region. Conclusion: In China, the fairness trend of health resources allocation has improved during the period from 2002 to 2013, but the imbalance is more serious in the eastern region than in the central and western regions. It should be paid more atten-tion to optimizing the health resources allocation according to the local conditions of different regions, especially the influence of geographical distribution.

Objective To study the clinical value of heat shock protein (HSP)70 in the diagnosis of neonatal asphyxia and the correlation of HSP70 and Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment (NBNA)score.Methods From January 2014 to June 2016,full-term neonates born in our hospital were enrolled in the study and assigned into mild and severe asphyxia groups.Normally delivered full-term infants were assigned to the control group.Blood from umbilical artery were extracted immediately after birth and HSP70 levels were detected using ELISA.The NBNA scores were recorded at the 7th,14th and 28th-day after birth.Results HSP70levels in both mild (n =46 )and severe (n =35 )asphyxia groups were significantly higher than the control group(n =50)[(14.4 ±2.7)ng/ml、(17.7 ±4.5)ng/ml than(11 .9 ± 2.3)ng/ml,P <0.05].The severe asphyxia group had even higher HSP70 levels than the mild asphyxia group (P <0.05).The NBNA scores of both asphyxia groups were significantly lower than the control group (P <0.05).The umbilical pH values of both two asphyxia groups were also significantly lower than the control group(P <0.05).Correlation analysis showed that HSP70 level was negative correlated with NBNA score (7th,14th,28th-day)(r =-0.574、-0.493、-0.208,P <0.05).The HSP70 level was negatively correlated with umbilical pH (r =-0.576,P <0.05).The area under curve(AUC)for HSP70 levels to predict asphyxia was 0.798(95%CI 0.722 ~0.874,P <0.05).Conclusions HSP70 level in umbilical cord blood can be used as an indicator for neonatal asphyxia.The more severe the asphyxia,the higher the HSP70 levels and the lower NBNA score and umbilical pH.

Objective To value the efficacy and safety of long-acting paliperidone palmitate injection and risperidone on the first episode schizophrenia patients.Methods One hundred and twenty first-episode patients with schizophrenia (DSM-Ⅳ criteria) were enrolled and randomized to paliperidone palmitate injection group (paliperidone group) and resperidone group (risperidone group).Patients were treated for 12 months.The efficiency,safety and social functions degrees of the two groups were assessed by using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS),Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSP) and Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale (TESS) at baseline and 3,6,9 and 12 months after the treatment.Further,the remission rates and recurrence rates in the two groups were compared.Results At the endpoint of the study,the remission rate in paliperidone group (69.1％,38/55) were higher than in risperidone group (40.0％,20/50; x2=2.510,P=-0.041).The PANSS total scores and subscores were significantly decreased and PSP score was significantly increased after treatment compared to basline.At 12 months after treatment,PANSS total score and subscores (F=4.812,5.814,4.316,all P＜0.05) and PSP scores in paliperidone group were significantly different with that in risperidone group (76.9±7.2 vs.57.4±5.5,F=4.612,P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in treatment emergent symptoms in the two groups.Conclusions Long-acting paliperidone palmitate injection in the treatment of the patients with schizophrenia could obviously improve the remission rate.

Objective To value the efficacy and safety of long-acting paliperidone palmitate injection and risperidone on the first episode schizophrenia patients.Methods One hundred and twenty first-episode patients with schizophrenia (DSM-Ⅳ criteria) were enrolled and randomized to paliperidone palmitate injection group (paliperidone group) and resperidone group (risperidone group).Patients were treated for 12 months.The efficiency,safety and social functions degrees of the two groups were assessed by using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS),Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSP) and Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale (TESS) at baseline and 3,6,9 and 12 months after the treatment.Further,the remission rates and recurrence rates in the two groups were compared.Results At the endpoint of the study,the remission rate in paliperidone group (69.1％,38/55) were higher than in risperidone group (40.0％,20/50; x2=2.510,P=-0.041).The PANSS total scores and subscores were significantly decreased and PSP score was significantly increased after treatment compared to basline.At 12 months after treatment,PANSS total score and subscores (F=4.812,5.814,4.316,all P＜0.05) and PSP scores in paliperidone group were significantly different with that in risperidone group (76.9±7.2 vs.57.4±5.5,F=4.612,P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in treatment emergent symptoms in the two groups.Conclusions Long-acting paliperidone palmitate injection in the treatment of the patients with schizophrenia could obviously improve the remission rate.

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical significance of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in the development of chronic hepatitis B (CHB).

METHODSA total of 182 patients with untreated CHB and 50 healthy individuals (controls) participated in the study. Correlation analysis was performed to determine the association of serum hs-CRP with the age,sex,medical history,serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA, liver function parameters,liver stiffness measure (LSM) and hepatic fibrosis; in addition, correlation analysis was carried out for the associations of degree of liver damage with grade of hepatic fibrosis, LSM and the serum levels of hs-CRP.

RESULTSCHB patients showed significantly higher serum hs-CRP levels than healthy controls (2.38 ± 2.79 vs.0.78 ± 1.07; t =2.495, P < 0.05). Serum hs-CRP levels were significantly correlated with HBV DNA (r = 0.159), liver function parameters (total bilirubin, r = 0.271; alanine aminotransferase, r = 0.298; aspartate aminotransferase, r = 0.389), and LSM, r = 0.562) (all P < 0.05). The correlations with liver function (r = 0.340), LSM (r = 0.292) and hepatic fibrosis grade were positive (r = 0.434) (all P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSerum hs-CRP levels in CHB patients can reflect degree of liver damage and of liver fibrosis.