Objective To analyze the literature on the"gut-liver axis"theory,and to understand the hotspots and development trends of the"gut-liver axis"theory.Methods Literatures related to the"gut-liver axis"in databases were searched from the establishment of the database to October 1,2024.A total of 292 Chinese and 1591 English articles were included.CiteSpace 6.4R1 and VOSviewer1.6.20 software were used for analysis.Results High-frequency Chinese keywords included"gut-liver axis""intestinal flora""non-alcoholic fatty liver disease"etc,10 clusters were formed.High-frequency English keywords included"gut-liver axis""gut microbiota""inflammation",etc,14 clusters were formed.Conclusion The research on the"gut-liver axis"is increasing year by year,and the direction of liver fibrosis and immunity will be the hot direction in the future.

Objective To investigate the current situations of economic toxicity in hematological malignancies patients,and explore it's correlation with quality of life and psychological resilience.Methods A total of 135 hematological malignancies patients admitted in Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital,Sun Yat-sen University from December 2022 to October 2023 were selected as subjects.Patients were surveyed by using general information and disease-related information questionnaires,comprehensive scores for financial toxicity,European organization for research and treatment of cancer core questionnaire,connor-davidson resilience scale,social support rating sale.Correlation analysis was performed by using the Pearson method.Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the factors of economic toxicity after controlling for confounding factors.Results Economic toxicity score of 135 hematological malignancies patients was(15.95±0.84)points,of which 82.2％of them had economic toxicity.It was positively correlated with functional quality of life(r-0.464,P=＜0.001)and psychological resilience(r=0.232,P=0.007),and negatively correlated with symptomatic psychological quality(r=-0.440,P＜0.001).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that quality of life,knowledge of the treatment cost,course of treatment,patient personality and have no second caregiver were influencing factors of economic toxicity of hematological malignancies(P＜0.05).Conclusion Hematological malignancies patients have a higher level of economic toxicity,which can affect their quality of life and psychological resilience.

ObjectiveBy comparing the composition and content of volatile components in raw products， wine-washed products and wine-fried products of Ligusticum sinense cv. Chaxiong rhizome（LSCR）， to investigate the influence of wine processing on the volatile components of LSCR， in order to provide a basis for the development of quality standards for LSCR and its processed products. MethodsElectronic nose was used to identify the odors of LSCR， wine-washed and wine-fried LSCR， and their volatile components were detected by headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（HS-GC-MS）， and the relative mass fractions of these components were determined by peak area normalization method. Principal component analysis（PCA） and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis（OPLS-DA） were performed on the obtained sample data by SIMCA 14.1 software， and the differential components of LSCR， wine-washed and wine-fried LSCR were screened according to the variable importance in the projection（VIP） value>1. Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between volatile differential flavor components and electronic nose sensors. ResultsElectronic nose detection results showed that there were significant differences in the odors of LSCR， wine-washed and wine-fried LSCR， mainly reflected in the sensors S2， S4， S5， S6， S11， S12， S13. And a total of 62 compounds were identified from LSCR and its wine-processed products， among which 46， 50 and 51 compounds were identified from LSCR， wine-fried and wine-washed LSCR， respectively. There were 21 differential components between the raw products and wine-fried products， of which 10 components were increased and 11 were decreased after processing. There were 20 differential components between the raw products and wine-washed products， of which 11 constituents increased and 9 decreased after processing. There were 17 differential components between the wine-wash products and wine-fried products. Compared with the wine-washed products， the contents of 13 components in the wine-fried products increased， and the contents of 4 components decreased. The increasing trend of the content of phthalides in the wine-washed products was more obvious than that in the wine-fried products， but the content of total volatile components was higher in the wine-fried products than the wine-washed products. Correlation analysis showed that there were different degrees of correlation between the 7 differential sensors of electronic nose and 24 differential volatile components， mainly phthalides and olefins. ConclusionThe odor and the content of volatile components in LSCR changed obviously after wine processing， and n-butylphthalide， Z-butylidenephthalide and E-ligustilide can be used as the candidate differential markers of volatile components in LSCR before and after wine processing.

Objective To analyze the literature on the"gut-liver axis"theory,and to understand the hotspots and development trends of the"gut-liver axis"theory.Methods Literatures related to the"gut-liver axis"in databases were searched from the establishment of the database to October 1,2024.A total of 292 Chinese and 1591 English articles were included.CiteSpace 6.4R1 and VOSviewer1.6.20 software were used for analysis.Results High-frequency Chinese keywords included"gut-liver axis""intestinal flora""non-alcoholic fatty liver disease"etc,10 clusters were formed.High-frequency English keywords included"gut-liver axis""gut microbiota""inflammation",etc,14 clusters were formed.Conclusion The research on the"gut-liver axis"is increasing year by year,and the direction of liver fibrosis and immunity will be the hot direction in the future.

Objective To investigate the current situations of economic toxicity in hematological malignancies patients,and explore it's correlation with quality of life and psychological resilience.Methods A total of 135 hematological malignancies patients admitted in Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital,Sun Yat-sen University from December 2022 to October 2023 were selected as subjects.Patients were surveyed by using general information and disease-related information questionnaires,comprehensive scores for financial toxicity,European organization for research and treatment of cancer core questionnaire,connor-davidson resilience scale,social support rating sale.Correlation analysis was performed by using the Pearson method.Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the factors of economic toxicity after controlling for confounding factors.Results Economic toxicity score of 135 hematological malignancies patients was(15.95±0.84)points,of which 82.2％of them had economic toxicity.It was positively correlated with functional quality of life(r-0.464,P=＜0.001)and psychological resilience(r=0.232,P=0.007),and negatively correlated with symptomatic psychological quality(r=-0.440,P＜0.001).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that quality of life,knowledge of the treatment cost,course of treatment,patient personality and have no second caregiver were influencing factors of economic toxicity of hematological malignancies(P＜0.05).Conclusion Hematological malignancies patients have a higher level of economic toxicity,which can affect their quality of life and psychological resilience.

A male child aged two years and six months was admitted to the Affiliated Women and Children′s Hospital of Qingdao University in June 2023 due to wide eye distance, stubby fingers, koilosternia, cryptorchidism, and short tongue frenum. After clinical data collection, whole exome sequencing (WES) was conducted and bio-informatics analysis was performed to search for possible mutation sites on the patient. Family lineage verifications were conducted through Sanger sequencing. WES results showed that the patient carried c.2432dupT frameshift hemizygote variation of the FGD1 gene on the X chromosome (Xq11.22). Sanger sequencing confirmed that the mother was a carrier of the c.2432dupT heterozygous variant but not the father. According to the sequence interpretation guidelines of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG), this variant is pathogenic (ACMG: PVS+2PP). The patient was diagnosed with Aarskog-Scott syndrome(ASS), which is a rare X-linked disorder characterized by facial, skeletal and genital anomalies. This case study has enriched the variant spectrum of the FGD1 gene and provided guidance for clinical screening and diagnosis of ASS.

To analyze the positivity rate and titer of antinuclear antibody (ANA), as well as nuclear pattern and target antigen of ANA in healthy pregnant women during early pregnancy in Qingdao area. A prospective cohort study design was used to include a total of 9 528 healthy pregnant women registered at the Women and Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University from March 2023 to June 2024.Indirect immunofluorescence assay (IIF) was used to detect ANA, its titer and cell staining pattern. Fifteen specific antibodies were tested using the magnetic bar code immunofluorescent luminescence method. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk factors of pregnancy with autoimmune disease(AID). The results showed that among 9 528 pregnant women in early pregnancy, 1 346 cases (14.1%) were positive of ANA, including 1 011 cases with a titer of 1∶100 (10.6%), 236 cases (2.5%) with a titer of 1∶320, and 99 cases (1.0%) were detected at a titer >1∶320. Among the 1 346 ANA-positive pregnant women, nuclear granular type accounted for the highest proportion (483 cases, 35.9%), followed by speckled type (347 cases, 25.8%) and cytoplasmic type (176 cases, 13.1%).Then, pregnant women with ANA titers ≥1∶100 were detected 15 specific antibodies.Anti-SSA was tested in 121 cases accounted for the majority, followed by 110 cases with anti-Ro-52, 56 cases with anti-SSB, 51 cases with anti-mitochondrial M2 subtype antibodies and 37 cases with anti-centromere B. In conclusion,in healthy pregnant women in Qingdao area, ANA positivity rate was 14.1%, and the titer of ANA was mainly at 1∶100.The predominant nuclear patterns were nuclear granular and speckled types.The specific autoantibodies were mainly anti-SSA antibodies and anti-Ro-52 antibodies.The detection of ANA and specific autoantibodies is of great significance for early prediction, diagnosis, and intervention of autoimmune diseases during pregnancy.

To analyze the positivity rate and titer of antinuclear antibody (ANA), as well as nuclear pattern and target antigen of ANA in healthy pregnant women during early pregnancy in Qingdao area. A prospective cohort study design was used to include a total of 9 528 healthy pregnant women registered at the Women and Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University from March 2023 to June 2024.Indirect immunofluorescence assay (IIF) was used to detect ANA, its titer and cell staining pattern. Fifteen specific antibodies were tested using the magnetic bar code immunofluorescent luminescence method. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk factors of pregnancy with autoimmune disease(AID). The results showed that among 9 528 pregnant women in early pregnancy, 1 346 cases (14.1%) were positive of ANA, including 1 011 cases with a titer of 1∶100 (10.6%), 236 cases (2.5%) with a titer of 1∶320, and 99 cases (1.0%) were detected at a titer >1∶320. Among the 1 346 ANA-positive pregnant women, nuclear granular type accounted for the highest proportion (483 cases, 35.9%), followed by speckled type (347 cases, 25.8%) and cytoplasmic type (176 cases, 13.1%).Then, pregnant women with ANA titers ≥1∶100 were detected 15 specific antibodies.Anti-SSA was tested in 121 cases accounted for the majority, followed by 110 cases with anti-Ro-52, 56 cases with anti-SSB, 51 cases with anti-mitochondrial M2 subtype antibodies and 37 cases with anti-centromere B. In conclusion,in healthy pregnant women in Qingdao area, ANA positivity rate was 14.1%, and the titer of ANA was mainly at 1∶100.The predominant nuclear patterns were nuclear granular and speckled types.The specific autoantibodies were mainly anti-SSA antibodies and anti-Ro-52 antibodies.The detection of ANA and specific autoantibodies is of great significance for early prediction, diagnosis, and intervention of autoimmune diseases during pregnancy.

Objective:To screen the key genes related to the prognosis,diagnosis,and immune infiltration of the hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)patients by bioinformatics analysis methods,and to analyze their potential therapeutic drugs.Methods:The HCC gene expression profile data and corresponding clinical informations of the HCC patients were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database and The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)database.The R software package limma was used to screen the differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in HCC.Gene Ontology(GO)functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analysis were performed on the DEGs.The STRING database was used to construct the protein-protein interaction(PPI)network;the Cytoscape software was used to visualize the PPI network and screen the key genes;Kaplan-Meier survival curve and LASSO regression algorithm were used to identify the key genes related to the HCC prognosis;external data sets were used to validate their expressions and analyze the diagnostic efficacy;CIBERSORT algorithm was used to detect the relationship between the expression of prognosis-related key genes and HCC immune cell infiltration.The MiRNet and Network Analyst databases were used to construct the microRNA(miRNA)-key gene mRNA and transcription factors(TFs)-key gene mRNA molecular regulatory networks;CMap database was used to screen the potential small molecule drugs for HCC treatment.Results:A total of 146 DEGs were screened,including 30 upregulated genes and 116 downregulated genes.The GO functional enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis results showed that the DEGs were significantly enriched in biological processes(BP)such as steroid,alkene compound,and hormone metabolism,as well as signaling pathways such as retinol metabolism,drug metabolism-cytochrome P450(CYP450),complement and coagulation cascades.The PPI network analysis identified 14 key genes,among which formimidoyltransferase cyclodeaminase(FTCD),secreted phosphoprotein 2(SPP2),thrombin-antithrombin complex(TAT),complement C6(C6),and cytochrome CYP450 family member 2C9(CYP2C9)were significantly associated with the prognosis,clinical pathological stage,and histological grade of the HCC patients and also had high diagnostic efficacy for HCC and were closely related to immune cell infiltration in HCC.Hsa-mir-182-5p,CUT-like homeobox 1(CUX1),early growth response 1(EGR1),SMAD family member 4(SMAD4),and tumor protein P53(TP53)were identified as the important regulators targeting the above-mentioned prognosis-related key genes.DL-thiorphan,promethazine,and apigenin may have the therapeutic effects on HCC.Conclusion:FTCD,SPP2,TAT,C6,and CYP2C9 may be the potential targets for the diagnosis,prognosis,and treatment of HCC.Three predicted small molecule drugs,DL-thiorphan,promethazine,and apigenin,may provide the references for the development of therapeutic drugs for HCC.

Objective:To explore the value of transvaginal ultrasound (TVS) combined with neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in postmenopausal women with endometrial cancer(EC).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 348 postmenopausal patients who underwent hysteroscopy or surgery in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University from January 2019 to December 2021 and had pathological results of EC, and they were included in the malignant group. One hundred and six benign patients with pathological results in the same period were randomly selected for inclusion in the benign group. The differences in age, menopausal time, gravidity, body mass index (BMI), post-menopausal bleeding, TVS and NLR were compared between the two groups. Binary Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the independent predictive factors for endometrial cancer in postmenopausal women. ROC curves were plotted to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of predicting EC in postmenopausal women.Results:Parity (≥2 times), post-menopausal bleeding, intrauterine fluid, the diameter of the mass, blood flow and NLR showed statistically significant differences between the malignant group and the benign group (all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that post-menopausal bleeding, intrauterine fluid and long diameter of the mass were independent predictors for EC in postmenopausal women( OR=0.433, P=0.006; OR=14.933, P<0.001; OR=1.062, P=0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) of EC in postmenopausal women was 0.901(95% CI=0.867-0.934) by the combination of the above independent factors and the parameters of P<0.10 (blood flow and NLR), the sensitivity was 78.4% and the specificity was 90.6%. Conclusions:The combination of post-menopausal bleeding, intrauterine fluid, the diameter of the mass, blood flow and NLR have certain clinical application value in predicting EC in postmenopausal women.