BACKGROUND: Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), which are metabolites of arachidonic acid catalyzed by cytochrome P450 epoxygenase, are degraded into inactive dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). Many studies have revealed that sEH gene deletion exerts protective effects against diabetes. Vascular calcification is a common complication of diabetes, but the potential effects of sEH on diabetic vascular calcification are still unknown. METHODS: The level of aortic calcification in wild-type and Ephx2-/- C57BL/6 diabetic mice induced with streptozotocin was evaluated by measuring the aortic calcium content through alizarin red staining, immunohistochemistry staining, and immunofluorescence staining. Mouse vascular smooth muscle cell lines (MOVAS cells) treated with β-glycerol phosphate (0.01 mol/L) plus advanced glycation end products (50 mg/L) were used to investigate the effects of sEH inhibitors or sEH knockdown and EETs on the calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells, which was detected by Western blotting, alizarin red staining, and Von Kossa staining. RESULTS: sEH gene deletion significantly inhibited diabetic vascular calcification by increasing levels of EETs in the aortas of mice. EETs (especially 11,12-EET and 14,15-EET) efficiently prevented the osteogenic transdifferentiation of MOVAS cells by decreasing nidogen-2 (NID2) expression. Interestingly, suppressing sEH activity by small interfering ribonucleic acid or specific inhibitors did not block osteogenic transdifferentiation of MOVAS cells induced by β-glycerol phosphate and advanced glycation end products. NID2 overexpression significantly abolished the inhibitory effect of sEH gene deletion on diabetic vascular calcification. Moreover, NID2 overexpression mediated by adeno-associated virus 9 vectors markedly increased insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) and phospho-ERK1/2 expression in MOVAS cells. Overall, sEH gene knockout inhibited diabetic vascular calcification by decreasing aortic NID2 expression and, then, inactivating the downstream IGF2-ERK1/2 signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS sEH gene deletion markedly inhibited diabetic vascular calcification through repressed osteogenic transdifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells mediated by increased aortic EET levels, which was associated with decreased NID2 expression and inactivation of the downstream IGF2-ERK1/2 signaling pathway.
Animals ; Mice ; Vascular Calcification/metabolism* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Epoxide Hydrolases/metabolism* ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/genetics* ; Male ; Gene Deletion ; MAP Kinase Signaling System/genetics* ; Cell Line ; Immunohistochemistry ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism* ; Signal Transduction/genetics* ; Mice, Knockout

Background Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are one of the major occupational health problems in the world. Pharmaceutical industry is an important part of China's national economy. At present, there are few related studies reported at home and abroad. Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of WMSDs in chemical pharmaceutical industry. Methods A cross-sectional epidemiological survey was conducted among all workers from three chemical pharmaceutical enterprises in Guangzhou. The Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire was used to collect information on demographic characteristics, symptoms of musculoskeletal disorders, types of work, work organization, and and work postures. Multiple logistic regression method was used to analyze the risk factors of WMSDs in chemical pharmaceutical workers. Results In this study, 563 workers were selected as subjects. The total prevalence rate of WMSDs symptoms in the chemical pharmaceutical workers was 43.9% (247/563), and the leading body part-specific prevalence rate from high to low was 34.3% in the lower back, 24.3% in the upper back, 24.0% in the shoulders, and 23.8% in the neck. The prevalence rate of WMSDs symptoms in multiple body parts (30.0%) was 2.16 times higher than that in single body part (13.9%), and the prevalence rate of WMSDs symptoms in four body parts was the highest (11.4%). The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥50 years (reference age <30 years) (OR=2.140, 95%CI: 1.054-4.345), often or very often (reference never/rarely) long-time head rotating (OR=2.695, 95%CI: 1.753-4.142) and long-time keeping arms above shoulders (OR=1.902, 95%CI: 1.108-3.265) increased the risk of reporting WMSDs symptoms (P<0.05). Regarding education level, workers with high school and technical secondary school (OR=0.333, 95%CI: 0.175-0.636) or college and above (OR=0.413, 95%CI: 0.216-0.790) education had a lower risk of reporting WMSDs symptoms than those with middle school or below (P<0.05). Conclusion The prevalence rate of reporting WMSDs symptoms in chemical pharmaceutical industry is high, the involving body parts are lower back, upper back, shoulders, and neck, and reporting simultaneous occurrence of WMSDs symptoms in multiple body parts is common. The chemical pharmaceutical manufacturers can reduce the risk of WMSDs by strengthening the training on workers' ergonomics knowledge, paying attention to the less educated personnel, protecting the elderly workers, and avoiding awkward work postures, like rotating head for a long time and raising arms over shoulders.

{L-End}Objective To analyze the prevalence of multi-site work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) and their influencing factors among workers in the chemical pharmaceutical industry. {L-End}Methods A total of 563 workers from three chemical pharmaceutical factories in Guangzhou City were selected as the research subjects using the judgment sampling method. The prevalence of multi-site WMSDs in the past 12 months was investigated using the electronic questionnaire of Chinese Version of Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire. {L-End}Results The prevalence of multi-site WMSDs in the research subjects was 30.0% (169/563). The results of multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that workers who smoked regularly/frequently and those who had their hands above shoulder level for long periods of time had a lower risk of multi-site WMSDs than those who never/occasionally smoked (all P≤0.05). Workers with a high school, secondary specialty, college degree, or above had a lower risk of multi-site WMSDs than those with a middle school education or below (all P<0.05). The longer the daily working hours, the higher the risk of multiple WMSDs (all P<0.05). Workers with regular/frequently work shifts had a lower risk of multi-site WMSDs than those with none/occasional work shifts (P<0.05). {L-End}Conclusion The prevalence of multi-site WMSDs among workers in the chemical pharmaceutical industry is relatively high. The influencing factors are individual factors, unreasonable work organization and poor ergonomics factors.

Objective To investigate the effects of hyperbaric oxygen combined with function training on motor function in children with cerebral palsy. Methods From December 2012 to December 2013 during the treatment,72 cases chil-dren with cerebral palsy were selected as the object of study confirmed in our hospital, two groups of children were given intensive training of motor function (Bobath method), Hyperbaric oxygen therapy, 1 time a day, continuous treatment for 10 d, intermittent 20 d was 1 course of treatment, continuous treatment after the 3 curative effect observation. And the observation group was combined with hyperbaric oxygen treatment, the change of GMF score before and after treatment were compared between the two groups after treatment. Results The total effective rate of observation group patients after the treatment was 94.4%, significantly higher than the control group (66.7%), the difference was significant (χ2=11.238, P<0.05) between two groups. Before treatment, GMF scores of two groups were not different significantly (P>0.05). After treatment, GMF scores of two groups decreased significantly (t=2.421, 2.235, P<0.05), and the GMF scores of observation group after treatment were sig nificantly lower than the control group, the difference was signifi-cant (t=2.387, P<0.05). Conclusion Training of hyperbaric oxygen combined with function training on motor function of relatively simple and the effect of the children is better than intensive training, two methods combined can obviously improved the movement function of children with cerebral palsy so as to further improve the effect of treatment of chil-dren with cerebral palsy, is worthy of extensive promotion and application.

Objective To investigate the chromosomal and subcellular localization of DOC-1R terminal 1(DCT1),and detect its expression in human tissues.Methods Chromosome localization of DCT1 was detected by radiation hybrid.pEGFP-DCT1 was constructed,and HeLa cells were transfected with the plasmid.The subcellular localization of DCT1 protein was observed by fluorescence microscope.Real-time PCR was performed for the determination of DCT1 expression level in 16 kinds of human tissues.Results DCT1 was demonstrated to localize in 5q31,and its encoding protein was detected on the nuclear membrane.Additionally,DCT1 was proved to express universally in all the 16 kinds of human tissues and it was expressed at the highest level in spleen.Conclusion DCT1 might be a regulator in cell cycle,and ubiquitously express in human tissues.

OBJECTIVE To ascertain the current situations of nosocomial infection control in local general hospitals,and to provide reliable data for future work.METHODS A random sampling questionnaire(method) was adopted to investigate the current situations of nosocomial infection control in 15 local hospitals in eight counties and cities.RESULTS Altogether 15 hospitals at the county and urban levels have been surveyed,(among) which 14 hospitals have fewer than 300 sickbeds and only 1 hospital has over 500 sickbeds.Seven hospitals did not have full-time staff of infection control till 2003.In the 15 hospitals,each full-time staff was(responsible) for an average of 143.9(sickbeds);in terms of the constitution of the full-time staff,nurses accounted for 73.7%,doctors,21.9%,and technicians,5.2%;of the full-time staff,63.2% held an intermediate(professional) position,and 36.8% held a junior professional position;with regard to the chances of further professional training in other places,19 full-time staff had 56 chances.The applications of sterilized agents and protective equipments were increasing each year.CONCLUSIONS The(infection) control in local general hospitals is gradually on the right track,but in some aspects,improvements are still needed.The prerequisites for improving infection control work in local general hospitals are that leaders should pay more attention to nosocomial infection control,and that more human and(material) resources should be pooled in it.