Objective To investigate the possible role and mechanism of activation of pyroptosis classical pathway and alterations in cell adhesion in calcium-containing kidney stones after the action of high concentration of Ca2+ on HK-2 cells.Methods HK-2 cells were cultured in the presence of different concentrations of CaCl2(0,0.1,0.5,1.0,2.0,4.0 and 8.0 g/L)for 24 hours,and cell counting Kit-8(CCK-8)and flow cytometry were used to determine the optimal treatment concentration.Subsequently,the ultrastructure of renal tubular epithelial cells under high Ca2+ condition was observed by transmission electron microscopy after Ca2+ treatment.DCFH-DA staining was used to detect intracellular reactive oxygen species production,and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)and Western blot analysis were performed to examine the expression of pyroptosis-related proteins NLRP3,Caspase-1,gasdermin D(GSDMD),adhesive molecules osteopontin(OPN)and CD44 at mRNA and protein levels after high concentration Ca2+ treatment.The expression levels of pyroptosis-related inflammatory factors interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-18 and adhesive molecule monocyte chemotactic protein-1(MCP-1)were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)after high Ca2+ stimulation.Results Ca2+ showed cytotoxicity for HK-2 cell growth and can promote apoptosis.The higher the Ca2+ concentration,the more toxicity and apoptosis rate for HK-2 cell growth.High concentration of Ca2+ can promote pyroptosis-like morphological changes in HK-2 cells,including loss of cell membrane integrity,release of contents and numerous intracellular vacuoles.Compared with the control group,the expression levels of ROS were sequentially increased in the 1.0 g/L CaCl2 group and the 2.0 g/L CaCl2 group,and the expression levels of pyroptosis-related genes NLRP3,Caspase-1,GSDMD,and the pyroptosis-associated inflammatory factors IL-1β and IL-18,as well as the adhesion molecules OPN,CD44 and MCP-1 were significantly increased(P＜0.05).Conclusion High Ca2+ treatment can cause oxidative stress damage in HK-2 cells to produce ROS,which activates NLRP3 inflammasome,leads to the activation of the classical pathway of pyroptosis and increase the adhesion of cells,and ultimately leads to the formation of kidney stones.

Objective To investigate the effect of locking plate combined with cortical screw internal fixation on ankle function and quality of life in patients with ankle fracture with tibiofibular separation.Methods A total of 120 patients with ankle fracture and distal tibiofibular separation treated in our hospital from May 2020 to December 2021 were selected and divided into control group and observation group according to random number table method,with 60 patients/group.The control group was treated with cortical screw fixation alone,and the observation group was treated with locking plate combined with cortical screw internal fixation.Before surgery and 6 months after surgery,the recovery function of the two groups was compared.X-ray,operation duration,healing time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative complications were compared,and the living ability of the two groups of patients was evaluated.Results Before treatment,there was no difference in joint function between the two groups(P＞0.05).After treatment,the longest walking of the control group(15.89±0.85),foot alignment(15.06±0.71),pain response(29.03±4.48)and ground walking(15.65±0.59).The longest walking distance(16.19±0.87),foot alignment(15.29±0.76),pain response(31.24±4.55)and ground walking(15.96±0.68)in the observation group,which were higher than those in control group(P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,the intraoperative blood loss and healing time in the observation group were lower(P＜0.05).BI index of the two groups before treatment had no difference(P＞0.05);After treatment,BI index of observation group was higher than that of control group(P＜0.05).There was no difference in the total complication rate between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion Locking plate combined with cortical screw internal fixation has a good therapeutic effect on improving ankle function,reducing intraoperative blood loss,promoting healing and improving behavioral ability in the treatment of ankle fracture combined with hypotibiofibular syndesmosis injury.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between serum soluble CD155 (sCD155), soluble CD163 (sCD163) and chemotherapy efficacy and prognosis in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).Methods:A total of 126 patients with DLBCL admitted to Handan Central Hospital from May 2018 to May 2020 (DLBCL group) and 126 healthy subjects (control group) were prospectively selected to compare serum sCD155 and sCD163 levels. According to the chemotherapy effect of DLBCL patients, they were divided into effective group and ineffective group, and the serum sCD155 and sCD163 levels were compared before and after treatment. The effective rate of chemotherapy in patients with different serum sCD155 and sCD163 levels was compared. Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the relationship between serum sCD155 and sCD163 levels and 3-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of DLBCL patients. Cox proportional risk regression model was used to analyze the prognostic factors of DLBCL patients.Results:The serum levels of sCD155 and sCD163 in DLBCL group were higher than those in control group before treatment (all P<0.05). The effective rate of chemotherapy in 126 DLBCL patients in this group was 69.8%(88/126). Compared with the effective group, the serum levels of sCD155 and sCD163 were higher in the ineffective group before and after treatment (all P<0.05). Compared with before treatment, serum sCD155 and sCD163 levels in the effective group were decreased after treatment (all P<0.05). The effective rate of DLBCL patients in sCD155 and sCD163 high level groups was lower than that in sCD155 and sCD163 low level groups (all P<0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the 3-year OS and PFS of DLBCL patients in the low level group of sCD155 and sCD163 were higher than those in the high level group (all P<0.05). The high level of sCD155 and sCD163 were independent risk factors for 3-year PFS and OS in DLBCL patients (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Abnormal levels of serum sCD155 and sCD163 in DLBCL patients may reduce the efficacy of chemotherapy and lead to poor prognosis.

A 27-year-old male was admitted to the Xijing Hospital in August 2018 due to unprovoked severe thoracodynia with palpitations, shortness of breath and chest tightness. Computed tomography angiography showed a type A aortic dissection. Genetic testing based on next-generation sequencing for 15 genes associated with hereditary aortic diseases and Sanger sequencing validation revealed a heterozygous missense mutation c.998G>T (p.Gly333Val) in the COL3A1 gene. Sanger sequencing verification of family members confirmed that the mutation c.998G>T co-segregated with the patient′s phenotype in this family. That mutation was classified as "likely pathogenic" according to American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics standards and guidelines for genetic variant classification. Carriers of this mutation can be definitively diagnosed with "vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome". After the diagnosis was clarified, symptomatic treatment was given to the patient, but the disease progressed rapidly. The patient discontinued treatment and died shortly after being discharged. In this study, we found a new variant in the COL3A1 gene, expanding the mutation spectrum of this gene.

Objective To translate the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Disability Visual Analogue Scale (IBD Disk) into Chinese and conduct cross-cultural adaptation, and to test its reliability and validity among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods Based on the modified Brislin translation model, the IBD Disk was translated into Chinese through forward translation, back translation, group discussion, and cross-cultural adaptation. From January to December 2022, a convenience sampling method was used to select 299 IBD patients for investigation to verify the reliability and validity of the Scale. Results The Chinese version of the IBD Disk includes 10 items, with decision values of 4.79 to 15.68 (>3.00), and P value was less than 0.05, indicating high discriminatory power for each item; the total Cronbach's α coefficient of the scale was 0.88, and the test-retest reliability was 0.87, indicating a good reproducibility of the scale; confirmatory factor analysis results indicated that the scale had ideal fit; Pearson correlation analysis results indicated that the total score of the IBD Disk was significantly positively correlated with the total score of the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Disability Index Scale (IBD-DI) (r=0.81, P < 0.001), suggesting good correlation between the IBD Disk and the IBD-DI. Conclusion The Chinese version of the IBD Disk has good reliability and validity, and is suitable to be used as a disability assessment tool for IBD patients in Chinese culture.

Objective To systematically evaluate the measurement characteristics and methodological quality of Chinese-version inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) disability measurement tools. Methods A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, WanFang Database and VIP Database for studies related to the evaluation of measurement characteristics of disability measurement tools for IBD patients, with a search period from inception to September 12, 2023. Based on the Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) requirements, two researchers independently screened the literature and extracted the relevant data. The COSMIN risk of bias checklist and quality criteria rating scale were used to assess the measurement characteristics and formulate final recommendations. Results Five studies were included in this study, involving four Chinese-version IBD disability measurement tools. None of the included studies fully reported the 10 measurement characteristics recommended by the COSMIN methodological quality criteria. The final included measurement tools were all rated as Grade B or C recommendations. Conclusion It is recommended that the Chinese-version IBD Disability Index and the Chinese-translated IBD Patient Burden Scale can be temporarily used in clinical practice to assess ability in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, but their measurement characteristics still require further validation.

Objective:To preliminarily evaluate the immunogenicity and efficacy of two novel tuberculosis vaccine candidates (a fusion multicomponent protein EPDPA015f and a mixed multicomponent protein EPDPA015m) and to provide a new antigen combination for the development of tuberculosis vaccines.Methods:Recombinant plasmids for the expression of EPDPA015f and EPDPA015m proteins were constructed. Six-week-old BALB/c mice were immunized with EPDPA015f or EPDPA015m in combination with aluminium adjuvant (50 μg/mouse) for three times with an interval of 10 d. The mice were sacrificed 10 d after the last immunization to collect blood and spleen samples. Serum antibody titers and cytokine levels were measured by ELISA, Luminex technique and enzyme-linked immunospot assay (ELISPOT). Mycobacterial growth inhibition assay (MGIA) was used to detect the ability of mouse splenocytes to inhibit the growth of Mtb in vitro. One-way analysis of variance and t-test were used for statistical analysis. Results:Both EPDPA015f and EPDPA015m could induce the production of various cytokines and IgG antibodies at a high level. The levels of cytokines related to Th1 (IL-2, TNF-α, IFN-γ), Th2 (IL-4, IL-6, IL-10) and Th17 (IL-17) as well as other proinflammatory cytokines (GM-CSF, IL-12) were higher in the EPDPA015f group than in the adjuvant group ( P<0.05). The titer of IgG antibody induced by EPDPA015f was as high as 1∶4×10 6. The results of MGIA showed that the numbers of Mtb (lgCFU) in the PBS, adjuvant, EPDPA015f and EPDPA015m groups were 3.46±0.11, 3.51±0.06, 2.98±0.09 and 3.19±0.08, respectively. The number of colonies in the EPDPA015f group was the least as compared with that in the other three groups ( P<0.001, P<0.001, P<0.01). Conclusions:The vaccine candidate EPDPA015f could elicit more comprehensive and high-level cellular and humoral immune responses, and exhibited superior in vitro inhibitory activity against the growth of Mtb. EPDPA015f had the potential to be used as a preventive vaccine or a booster vaccine

Objective:To evaluate the immunogenicity and protective effect of a multicomponent recombinant protein vaccine EPRHP014 constructed independently and provide a scientific basis for developing new tuberculosis (TB) vaccine and effective prevention and control of TB.Methods:Three full-length Mycobacterium ( M.) tuberculosis protein antigens (EsxH, Rv2628, and HspX) and two epitope-predicted and optimized epitope-dominant protein antigens (nPPE18 and nPstS1) were selected, from which five protein antigens were used to construct a protein antigen composition EPRHP014, including a fusion expression multi-component protein antigen (EPRHP014f) and a multi-component mixed protein antigen (EPRHP014m) formed with the five single protein using clone, purification, and purification respectively. Multicomponent protein vaccines EPRHP014f and EPRHP014m were prepared with aluminum adjuvant, and the BCG vaccine was used as a control. ELISA detected the titer of serum-specific antibodies, the secretion of various cytokines was detected by ELISpot and Luminex, and immune protection was observed by the M.tuberculosis growth inhibition test in vitro. The results were statistically analyzed by t-test or rank sum test, and P<0.05 was considered a statistically significant difference. Results:Mice Immunized with EPRHP014m and EPRHP014f could produce highly effective IgG antibodies and their subtypes IgG1 and IgG2a, and the antibody titers were similar to those of mice immunized with BCG, with no statistical significance ( P>0.05). The number of spot-forming cells (SFC) secreting IFN-γ and IL-4 induced by EPRHP014f group was significantly higher than those by EPRHP014m group and BCG group ( P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the number of SFC for IFN-γ and IL-4 induced between EPRHP014m group and BCG group ( P>0.05). The secretion levels of GM-CSF and IL-12p70 induced by the EPRHP014m group were higher than those of the BCG group ( P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the levels of IL-6 and IL-10 induced between EPRHP014m group and BCG group ( P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the secretions of IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, and GM-CSF between the EPRHP014f and BCG groups ( P>0.05). EPRHP014m group, EPRHP014f group, and BCG group had obvious antibacterial effects in vitro, and the difference was insignificant ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Both EPRHP014f and EPRHP014m can induce strong humoral and cellular immune responses in mice after immunization, and have a strong ability to inhibit the growth of M. tuberculosis in vitro, indicating that the antigen composition EPRHP014 has good potential in the development and application of TB vaccine.

Objective:To explore the current situation and influencing factors of somatic and psychological symptoms among nursing undergraduate students.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional study. Through snowball sampling and convenience sampling, 806 nursing undergraduate students from East, South, Central, North, Northwest and Southwest China were selected as the research subjects from March to July 2021. A survey was conducted among nursing undergraduate students using the Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15), Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2), and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2 (GAD-2) .Results:The positive detection rates of somatic symptoms, depression, and anxiety among 806 nursing undergraduate students were 66.5% (536/806), 14.3% (115/806), and 12.9% (104/806), respectively. The results of binomial Logistic regression analysis showed that chronic diseases, perceived health status, and water intake were the influencing factors for psychological and somatic symptoms of nursing undergraduate students ( P<0.05). Nursing undergraduate students' somatic symptoms, depression and anxiety were positively correlated ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The detection rate of somatic symptoms among nursing undergraduate students is high. Families and universities should pay timely attention to the psychological and somatic health of nursing undergraduate students, and provide targeted psychological support for students with different characteristics.

Nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) have been commonly deployed to prevent and control the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), resulting in a worldwide decline in influenza prevalence. However, the influenza risk in China warrants cautious assessment. We conducted a cross-sectional, seroepidemiological study in Shandong Province, Northern China in mid-2021. Hemagglutination inhibition was performed to test antibodies against four influenza vaccine strains. A combination of descriptive and meta-analyses was adopted to compare the seroprevalence of influenza antibodies before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The overall seroprevalence values against A/H1N1pdm09, A/H3N2, B/Victoria, and B/Yamagata were 17.8% (95% CI 16.2%-19.5%), 23.5% (95% CI 21.7%-25.4%), 7.6% (95% CI 6.6%-8.7%), and 15.0 (95% CI 13.5%-16.5%), respectively, in the study period. The overall vaccination rate was extremely low (2.6%). Our results revealed that antibody titers in vaccinated participants were significantly higher than those in unvaccinated individuals (P < 0.001). Notably, the meta-analysis showed that antibodies against A/H1N1pdm09 and A/H3N2 were significantly low in adults after the COVID-19 pandemic (P < 0.01). Increasing vaccination rates and maintaining NPIs are recommended to prevent an elevated influenza risk in China.