ObjectiveTo find out whether there is any difference in the monitoring results of mosq-ovitraps placed in different orientations in multi-storey residential areas, so as to provide a scientific basis for routine and emergency monitoring of Aedes albopictus with mosq-ovitraps in residential areas. MethodsFrom July 6th to October 26th 2023, one mosquito ovitrap was set up in each of the 4 orientations of east, south, west and north around the buildings in a multi-storey residential area in Jinhui Town, Fengxian District, Shanghai. Data was collected and recorded 72 hours after placement. The chi-square test was used to compare the mosquito ovitrap indices (MOIs) of two independent samples, and the Kruskal⁃Wallis H test was used to compare the MOIs of multiple independent samples. ResultsAfter 16 weeks of surveillance, 997 mosquito ovitraps were recovered, of which 211 were positive, with the mosquito ovitrap index (MOI) of 21.16% and the Aedes albopictus density index of 1.03 mosquitoes·ovitrap^-1. The MOIs were higher in September (24.22%) and October (23.96%), and the MOIs in the west, south and north within the two months were all above 20.00%. From July to October, the MOIs in the east, west, south and north were 20.70%, 22.20%, 25.50% and 16.20%, respectively, and the difference in MOIs among the 4 orientations was not statistically significant (χ²=6.647, P=0.084). Stratified analysis by month showed that in August, the south side of the multi-storey residential areas had the highest MOI (31.30%), the north side had the lowest MOI (1.30%), and there was a statistically significant difference in MOI in the east, west, south and north (χ²=25.986, P<0.001). In October, the MOI in the west was the highest (33.30%) and the MOI in the east was the lowest (6.30%), the difference in MOIs of the 4 orientations was statistically significant (χ²=12.007, P=0.007). The MOIs in the south side of the building in the outskirts of the residential area from the 1st week in July to the 4th week in October was lower (19.20%) than that in the south side of the inner building (31.70%), and the difference in MOI was statistically significant (χ²=5.118, P=0.024). ConclusionThe study of MOI in different orientations in a multi-storey residential area is a preliminary exploration based on field work, and the results show that there is a difference in MOIs in different orientations during the peak breeding period of mosquitoes. Further indicators such as temperature, humidity and wind speed in different orientations can be collected to explore the influencing factors of MOIs.

Objective:To explore the possibility of using a inferior gluteal artery perforator flap (IGAPF) for breast reconstruction in the patient who did not have suitable donor site in back and abdomen.Methods:In November 2024, a 25-year-old unmarried and childless woman with right breast cancer received immediate right breast reconstruction by a right free IGAPF after modified right mastectomy in the Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University. The locations of perforators were confirmed by both Multi-detector computed tomography angiography (MDCTA) and portable Doppler blood flow detector before surgery. The IGAPF was designed to take the inferior gluteal wrinkle as the lower edge, the axis of the flap was parallel to the inferior gluteal wrinkle, and the width of the flap was estimated where the incision could be directly closed. The size of right IGAPF was 6.0 cm×19.0 cm. Sharp dissection was performed between the sarcolemma and muscle fibres of gluteus, then the perforators were dissected along the direction of muscle fibres of gluteus. The vascular pedicle was kept at about 8.0 cm in length. The diameter of artery was about 2.0 mm and that for the veins was about 1.5 mm. End-to-end anastomoses with the right thoracodorsal artery and vein were successfully carried out. The donor site was directly closed, and it was hidden in the inferior gluteal wrinkle. Postoperative outpatient clinical review was made.Results:Pathological examination reported: an invasive carcinoma of right breast, axillary lymph node metastasis (2/10). The patient recovered well and the flap survived without any complication, i.e. ischemic necrosis, infection and haematoma. The patient was off-bed at 3 days and discharged at 13 days after surgery. At the 40 days of postoperative follow-up, the patient achieved a good recovery and the lower limb activity was not affected by the surgery. The patient was satisfied with the reconstructed breast and donor site recovery. The patient followed with scheduled chemotherapy and subsequent radiotherapy. The volume of reconstructed breast was smaller than the other breast, of which the patient was fully informed before the surgery.Conclusion:A free IGAPF provides an alternative donor sites for achieving a breast reconstruction due to the reliable pedicle vessels and invisible donor scars.

Objective To conduct a comparative study on the biomechanical performance of using sutures for repairing inferior pole patellar fractures.Methods Compared to the normal patellar structure(Group A),four repair methods,namely,'Krackow'suture(Group B),"Kessler"fixation(Group C),'8-figure'mesh method(Group D),and modified suture bridge(Group E)were adopted.The static stiffness and dynamic stability of inferior pole patellar fractures fixed by each repair method were measured at 30°,60°,and 90° knee flexion.Results The stiffness at all flexion angles in Group E was closer to that in Group A,compared to other repair groups,followed by Group B,then Group D,and finally Group C.After the first cycle,at 30° knee flexion,Group C showed the greatest displacement,while Groups B and E had slightly larger displacements than the Group A,and the displacement of Group D was smaller than that of Group A.At 60° and 90° knee flexion,the displacement in all repair groups was smaller than that of Group A.After 200 cycles in the subsequent three cycles,displacement changes in all repair groups were smaller than those in Group A.Conclusions All repair methods were effective.In terms of biomechanical fixation performance,the modified suture bridge was superior to the'Krackow'suture and'8-figure'mesh,with Kessler fixation being the least effective.However,factors such as the injury severity,incision location,and surgical time should be comprehensively considered in actual clinical use,and it is recommended that the repair method should be selected in the following order:E,B,D,and C.

Objective To conduct a comparative study on the biomechanical performance of using sutures for repairing inferior pole patellar fractures.Methods Compared to the normal patellar structure(Group A),four repair methods,namely,'Krackow'suture(Group B),"Kessler"fixation(Group C),'8-figure'mesh method(Group D),and modified suture bridge(Group E)were adopted.The static stiffness and dynamic stability of inferior pole patellar fractures fixed by each repair method were measured at 30°,60°,and 90° knee flexion.Results The stiffness at all flexion angles in Group E was closer to that in Group A,compared to other repair groups,followed by Group B,then Group D,and finally Group C.After the first cycle,at 30° knee flexion,Group C showed the greatest displacement,while Groups B and E had slightly larger displacements than the Group A,and the displacement of Group D was smaller than that of Group A.At 60° and 90° knee flexion,the displacement in all repair groups was smaller than that of Group A.After 200 cycles in the subsequent three cycles,displacement changes in all repair groups were smaller than those in Group A.Conclusions All repair methods were effective.In terms of biomechanical fixation performance,the modified suture bridge was superior to the'Krackow'suture and'8-figure'mesh,with Kessler fixation being the least effective.However,factors such as the injury severity,incision location,and surgical time should be comprehensively considered in actual clinical use,and it is recommended that the repair method should be selected in the following order:E,B,D,and C.

Objective:To explore the possibility of using a inferior gluteal artery perforator flap (IGAPF) for breast reconstruction in the patient who did not have suitable donor site in back and abdomen.Methods:In November 2024, a 25-year-old unmarried and childless woman with right breast cancer received immediate right breast reconstruction by a right free IGAPF after modified right mastectomy in the Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University. The locations of perforators were confirmed by both Multi-detector computed tomography angiography (MDCTA) and portable Doppler blood flow detector before surgery. The IGAPF was designed to take the inferior gluteal wrinkle as the lower edge, the axis of the flap was parallel to the inferior gluteal wrinkle, and the width of the flap was estimated where the incision could be directly closed. The size of right IGAPF was 6.0 cm×19.0 cm. Sharp dissection was performed between the sarcolemma and muscle fibres of gluteus, then the perforators were dissected along the direction of muscle fibres of gluteus. The vascular pedicle was kept at about 8.0 cm in length. The diameter of artery was about 2.0 mm and that for the veins was about 1.5 mm. End-to-end anastomoses with the right thoracodorsal artery and vein were successfully carried out. The donor site was directly closed, and it was hidden in the inferior gluteal wrinkle. Postoperative outpatient clinical review was made.Results:Pathological examination reported: an invasive carcinoma of right breast, axillary lymph node metastasis (2/10). The patient recovered well and the flap survived without any complication, i.e. ischemic necrosis, infection and haematoma. The patient was off-bed at 3 days and discharged at 13 days after surgery. At the 40 days of postoperative follow-up, the patient achieved a good recovery and the lower limb activity was not affected by the surgery. The patient was satisfied with the reconstructed breast and donor site recovery. The patient followed with scheduled chemotherapy and subsequent radiotherapy. The volume of reconstructed breast was smaller than the other breast, of which the patient was fully informed before the surgery.Conclusion:A free IGAPF provides an alternative donor sites for achieving a breast reconstruction due to the reliable pedicle vessels and invisible donor scars.

To investigate the initial experience of coated metal ureteral stent(CMUS)for treatment of pelvic lipomatosis induced hydronephrosis(PLH).The clinical and follow-up data of 8 patients who were diagnosed as PLH treated with CMUS in Peking University People's Hospital from August 2018 to February 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.Inclusion criteria included:Imaging evidence of excessive adipose tissue around the bladder in the pelvic cavity,bladder elevation in an"inverted pear shape",and bladder wall thickening;Cystoscopy indicated follicular hyperplasia of bladder mucosa and biopsy pathology indicated glandular cystitis;Unilateral or bilateral hydronephrosis and ureteromegaly.Exclusion criteria included:Ureteral atresia;Recurrent obstruction of the bladder outlet.Preoperative baseline data included age,gender,serum creatinine,pelvis width and ureteric stent symptoms questionnaire(USSQ)score.Intraoperative data included the location and length of ureteral stenosis observed by retrograde urography.Postoperative follow-up data included serum creatinine,pelvis width,and USSQ score.In the study,8 patients(11 sides)with PLH were all male,with an average age of(38.7±8.6)years.Uni-lateral hydronephrosis was found in 5 cases and bilateral hydronephrosis in 3 cases.Preoperative mean serum creatinine was(90.0±10.3)μmol/L,and the mean renal pelvis width was(3.0±1.5)cm.The lower ureteral stricture was found in all cases,and the mean stricture length was(1.9±0.9)cm.Before operation,3 patients had ureteral Double-J stents,with USSQ scores of 97.0,68.0 and 100.0,respectively.Five patients underwent retrograde CMUS stenting,and 3 patients retrograde and antegrade.At the last follow-up,the average serum creatinine was(82.0±11.1)μmol/L and the mean renal pel-vis width was(1.9±0.5)cm,which were significantly lower than those before operation(t=3.12,P=0.02;t=3.23,P=0.02).In the 3 patients with Double-J stent before surgery,the USSQ scores were 87.0,62.0 and 89.0,respectively,which were significantly improved after CMUS stenting.The average follow-up time was(10.0±6.3)months.During the follow-up,1 patient developed CMUS re-lated symptoms,and no stent-associated infection and stent encrustation were found.In one case,the stent migrated to the bladder 3 months after operation,and the hydronephrosis disappeared after 3 months follow-up.CMUS stenting for treatment of PLH has certain efficacy and safety,which can explore a new therapeutic method for the long-term treatment of PLH.

Objective: To explore the moderating role of estradiol in the relationship between parenting styles and preschool children's behavioral problems, so as to provide a theoretical basis for improving the development of human s emotional health development in early life stage. Methods: During September to November in 2022, 354 children aged 3-6 years and their parents from two kindergartens in Bengbu City were chosen by using stratified cluster sampling method for the questionnaire survey. The Parenting Style Scale and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) were used to collect information on parenting style and child behavioral problems. Salivary estradiol of children was collected and tested. Independent samples t test was applied to compare the scores of the scale for parental up bringing and children s behavioral problems, and Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to explore the relationship among parental upbringing, estradiol and children s behavioral problems. Results: Parents doting, laissez faire, autocratic, and inconsistent parenting styles were positive associated with child behavior problems( r =0.14-0.70); fathers democratic parenting style was negatively associated with child behavior problems( r =-0.14，-0.22，-0.21，-0.17，-0.27，-0.20); mothers democratic parenting styles was negatively correlated with scores on all five dimensions of child behavior problems except the withdrawal dimension ( r =-0.14，-0.12，-0.13，-0.21，-0.12)( P <0.05). Estradiol levels had significant moderating effects on maternal doting parenting style and children s withdrawal ( β =0.68) as well as social problems ( β =-1.00), also moderating laissez faire parenting styles and children s withdrawal problems ( β =0.75)( P <0.05). For children with low levels of estradiol, withdrawal problem scores were negatively associated with mother s doting parenting style and positively associated with laissez faire parenting style, and socialization problem scores were associated with mother s doting parenting style; for children with high levels of estradiol, withdrawal problem scores were positively associated with mother s doting parenting style, and socialization problem scores were associated with mother s doting parenting style ( t=2.84, 6.24, 3.16 , 2.37, 4.49, P <0.05). Conclusions Parenting styles are strongly associated with child behavioral problems; estradiol levels play a moderating role in mothers doting, laissez faire parenting styles and children s withdrawal problems and social problems.Parents should adopt more positive parenting styles and focus on the role of estradiol levels in maternal education to reduce the occurrence of behavioral problems in children.

Objective To compare the application of sevoflurane or propofol anesthesia maintenance in liver transplantation patients and explore its effects on renal function and postoperative cognition and possible mechanisms.Methods A total of 60 patients aged 18～60 years old and ASA grade Ⅱ-Ⅲ who were scheduled to undergo orthotopic liver transplantation in our hospital were selected.They were randomly divided into two groups(n=30)according to the different maintenance schemes:group P(propofol group)and group S(sevoflurane group).Anesthesia maintenance:group P received continuous target-controlled infusion of propofol combined with remifentanil hydrochloride injection during surgery;group S received sevoflurane inhalation combined with infusion of remifentanil hydrochloride injection during surgery.The mean arterial pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR)and central venous pressure(CVP)of the two groups of patients were recorded at seven time points,including before anesthesia induction(T0),immediately after skin incision(T1),30 minutes in the anhepatic phase(T2),3 hours in the neohepatic phase(T3),12 hours after surgery(T4),24 hours after surgery(T5)and 72 hours after surgery(T6).3 mL of central venous blood was drawn from each group.The serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin(NGAL),serum cystatin C(Cys C),kidney injury molecule 1(KIM-1),syndecan 1(SDC-1),heparin sulfate(HS),hyaluronic acid(HA)and serum concentrations of inflammatory markers(TNF-α,IL-6)were detected by ELISA at the above time points.The cognitive function was evaluated by the Mini-Mental State Exami-nation(MMSE)at T0,T5 and T6,and the occurrence of cognitive dysfunction(MMSE＜23 points)was counted.Results There were no significant differences in MAP,HR,and CVP between the two groups at each time point(P＞0.05).At T4,the serum levels of NGAL and Cys in the two groups were significantly higher than those in the other groups.C and KIM-1 increased,and the P group was significantly higher than the S group,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05),and there was no significant difference between the two groups at other times(P＞0.05);SDC-1,HS,and HA increased significantly in both groups at T3 and T4,and the P group was significantly higher than the S group at T4,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05),and there was no significant difference between the two groups at other times(P＞0.05);TNF-α and IL-6 increased significantly in both groups at T3 and T4,decreased at T5 and T6,but still higher than T0,and the P group was significantly higher than the S group at T4 and T5,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05);MMSE scores decreased at T5 and T6,and the P score was significantly lower than the S group at T5,the difference was statisti-cally significant(P＜0.05),and there was no significant difference at T6(P＞0.05);there was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion Compared with propofol,sevoflurane anesthesia maintenance has less effect on the degree of short-term renal injury and cognitive function changes in patients undergoing liver transplantation,which may be related to its more obvi-ous effect of inhibiting inflammatory response and reducing glycocalyx degradation.

Objective To compare the application of sevoflurane or propofol anesthesia maintenance in liver transplantation patients and explore its effects on renal function and postoperative cognition and possible mechanisms.Methods A total of 60 patients aged 18～60 years old and ASA grade Ⅱ-Ⅲ who were scheduled to undergo orthotopic liver transplantation in our hospital were selected.They were randomly divided into two groups(n=30)according to the different maintenance schemes:group P(propofol group)and group S(sevoflurane group).Anesthesia maintenance:group P received continuous target-controlled infusion of propofol combined with remifentanil hydrochloride injection during surgery;group S received sevoflurane inhalation combined with infusion of remifentanil hydrochloride injection during surgery.The mean arterial pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR)and central venous pressure(CVP)of the two groups of patients were recorded at seven time points,including before anesthesia induction(T0),immediately after skin incision(T1),30 minutes in the anhepatic phase(T2),3 hours in the neohepatic phase(T3),12 hours after surgery(T4),24 hours after surgery(T5)and 72 hours after surgery(T6).3 mL of central venous blood was drawn from each group.The serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin(NGAL),serum cystatin C(Cys C),kidney injury molecule 1(KIM-1),syndecan 1(SDC-1),heparin sulfate(HS),hyaluronic acid(HA)and serum concentrations of inflammatory markers(TNF-α,IL-6)were detected by ELISA at the above time points.The cognitive function was evaluated by the Mini-Mental State Exami-nation(MMSE)at T0,T5 and T6,and the occurrence of cognitive dysfunction(MMSE＜23 points)was counted.Results There were no significant differences in MAP,HR,and CVP between the two groups at each time point(P＞0.05).At T4,the serum levels of NGAL and Cys in the two groups were significantly higher than those in the other groups.C and KIM-1 increased,and the P group was significantly higher than the S group,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05),and there was no significant difference between the two groups at other times(P＞0.05);SDC-1,HS,and HA increased significantly in both groups at T3 and T4,and the P group was significantly higher than the S group at T4,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05),and there was no significant difference between the two groups at other times(P＞0.05);TNF-α and IL-6 increased significantly in both groups at T3 and T4,decreased at T5 and T6,but still higher than T0,and the P group was significantly higher than the S group at T4 and T5,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05);MMSE scores decreased at T5 and T6,and the P score was significantly lower than the S group at T5,the difference was statisti-cally significant(P＜0.05),and there was no significant difference at T6(P＞0.05);there was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion Compared with propofol,sevoflurane anesthesia maintenance has less effect on the degree of short-term renal injury and cognitive function changes in patients undergoing liver transplantation,which may be related to its more obvi-ous effect of inhibiting inflammatory response and reducing glycocalyx degradation.

Objective:To assess health related quality of life(HRQOL)in patients with kidney stones and to predict risk factors for reduced HRQOL in the patients by the Chinese version of Wisconsin stone quality of life questionnaire(C-WISQOL).Methods:The patients with renal stones admitted to Peking University People's Hospital from July 2020 to June 2021 were prospectively enrolled.The inclusion cri-teria included the patients with renal stones aged 18-80 years and sufficient Chinese language founda-tion,and the exclusion criteria included the patients with internal ureteral stents,malignant tumors,sep-sis,etc.Demographic data and clinical data related to kidney stones were collected,and the C-WISQOL and the short form 36 health survey(SF-36)questionnaire completed by the patients was recorded.C-WISQOL included four domains(D):emotional impact(D1),social impact(D2),stone-related im-pact(D3)and vitality impact(D4).Cronbach's α coefficient was used to verify the internal consistency of C-WISQOL,Spearman's rho coefficient was used to verify the criterion validity between C-WISQOL and SF-36 questionnaire,confirmatory factor analysis was used to verify the structural validity,conver-gent validity and discrimination validity of C-WISQOL,and univariate and multivariate analyses were used to explore the risk factors leading to the decline of HRQOL in the patients with kidney stones.Re-sults:The study included 307 patients with kidney stones,of whom 212(69.1％)were male,with a mean age of(51.9±13.5)years,and a mean body mass index(BMI)of(25.4±3.6)kg/m2.160(52.1％)patients were complicated with metabolic syndrome(MS),202(65.8％)had history of cal-culi,217(70.7％)had calculi related symptoms,53(17.3％)had bilateral renal calculi,82(26.7％)had ureteral calculi,199(64.8％)had hydronephrosis,78(25.4％)had renal insufficien-cy,and urinary tract infection(UTI)was found in 168 patients(54.7％)with an average diameter of(15.6±5.9)mm.The mean total score of C-WISQOL questionnaire for all the patients was(94.9±13.7)points,D1 was(27.2±4.2)points,D2 was(23.8±3.7)points,D3 was(27.0±3.6)points,and D4 was(10.1±1.9)points.The Cronbach's α coefficient of the total score of C-WISQOL questionnaire was 0.968 and the four dimensions ranged from 0.860 to 0.898.The Spearman's rho co-efficient between C-WISQOL and SF-36 total score was 0.564,and the Spearman's rho coefficient between dimensions was 0.684-0.901,indicating that C-WISQOL had good internal consistency and criterion validity.Confirmatory factor analysis showed that C-WISQOL had good structural validity,convergent va-lidity and discrimination validity.Univariate analysis showed that the patients with MS(OR=1.607,P＜0.001),calculi related symptoms(OR=1.268,P＜0.001),bilateral kidney stones(OR=1.900,P＜0.001),combined with ureteral calculi(OR=1.018,P＜0.001),accompanied by hydronephrosis(OR=1.685,P＜0.001),and UTI(OR=1.275,P＜0.001)were risk factors for decreased HRQOL in the patients with kidney stones,and multivariate analysis showed that the patients with MS(OR=1.475,P＜0.001),calculi related symptoms(OR=1.546,P=0.043)and UTI(OR=1.646,P=0.005)were independent risk factors for HRQOL decline in the patients with renal calculi.The t-test re-sults showed that C-WISQOL scores were significantly higher in the patients without MS,stone-related symptoms and UTI than those in the patients with associated risk factors(P＜0.001).Conclusion:C-WISQOL the questionnaire can be used to evaluate the HRQOL of patients with kidney stones with good reliability.The combination of MS,stone-related symptoms and UTI were independent risk factors for HRQOL reduction in the patients with renal stones.