Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury （RIRI） is a major cause of acute kidney injury during kidney transplantation and peri-operative settings， and there is still a lack of safe and effective targeted preventive and therapeutic drugs in clinical practice. Specifically， xanthohumol， luteolin， dracorhodin C， naringin， senkyunolide Ⅰ， verbascoside， and shikonin enhance antioxidant defenses， and inhibit lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis via the nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 pathway. Apigenin， nobiletin， tanshinone Ⅱ A ， and salidroside activate the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B pathway to inhibit mitochondria- dependent apoptosis and facilitate renal repair. Quercetin， methyleugenol， cyanidin-3-glucoside， and platycodin D promote autophagy and improve mitochondrial homeostasis through the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase（AMPK）/mTOR or AMPK/phosphatase and tensin homolog-induced kinase 1/Parkin pathways. In addition， hesperidin， curcumin， ganoderic acid， pulsatilla saponin B4， capsaicin， and diosgenin mitigate inflammatory responses and decrease renal tubular injury markers by inhibiting the Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor κB， high mobility group box 1， Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathways， thereby exerting multi-target， multi-stage renoprotective effects.

To explore the role of the "Clinical Practice Guidelines" column and others in the Medical Joumnal of Peking Union Medical College Hospital (Med J PUMCH) in promoting diseiplinary development.

BACKGROUND:Zinc-based alloy medical implant materials have excellent mechanical properties,complete degradability and good biocompatibility,and are mainly used in orthopedic implants,cardiovascular stents,bile duct stents,tracheal stents,nerve catheters,etc. OBJECTIVE:To review the research progress of biodegradable zinc-based alloys in bone defect repair and prospect the promising research direction and achievements of zinc-based materials. METHODS:After searching PubMed,Web of Science,WanFang Data,and CNKI databases from the establishment of the database to June 2023,various relevant articles on biodegradable zinc-based alloys for bone implant material research were collected.The basic characteristics of biodegradable zinc based alloys were summarized,and the role of zinc-based alloys in promoting bone tissue repair was sorted and summarized.The current research hotspots and shortcomings were discussed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Zinc-based alloys have good biocompatibility.Using zinc-based alloys as the matrix material,with the help of scaffold structure construction technology and coating optimization process,the bone conductivity of zinc-based alloys will be effectively improved,and their degradation products will have efficient bone induction to regulate the gene expression of osteoblasts and osteoclasts,thereby promoting the repair and reconstruction of bone defects.(2)However,in the research on optimizing zinc-based alloys,the coating process is relatively insufficient,and additive loading technology is still lacking.(3)Zinc-based alloys have excellent mechanical and biological properties.Through special processes,their bone conductivity and osteoinductivity can be increased to effectively improve their ability to promote bone repair and reconstruction,and it is expected to further achieve the development of personalized transplant materials.Further research and development are needed to optimize the integration of coating and additive loading technologies into zinc-based alloys.

Objective:To observe the effect of acupuncture-synchronized exercise training on the learning and memory of rats after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), and to explore its mechanism.Methods:Among sixty 8-week-old SPF-grade Sprague-Dawley male rats, 6 were randomly chosen to form a sham group, and the rest received MCAO. After successful modeling, 18 rats were assigned at random to either the model, asynchronous or synchronous group, each of 6. The asynchronous group received 20 minutes of acupuncture followed by 20 minutes of treadmill training, while the synchronous group received the acupuncture during their treadmill training. There was no special intervention for the sham and model groups. There were 5 sessions/week for 21 days. Neurological deficit in the rats was assessed using Longa scoring 24h after the modeling and after the 21 days. The localization navigation test was performed on days 17-20 of the experiment, and the latency to escape was recorded. A space exploration experiment was performed the next day, and rats were tested for dwell time and the number of transits of the original platform quadrant. After the intervention, the morphology of hippocampal tissue was observed using HE staining. The mitochondria of the rats′ hippocampal neurons were observed using transmission electron microscopy. MDA and SOD levels were recorded. And the protein expression levels of the Parkin, PINK1, LC3-II/ LC3-Ⅰ, P62 and Beclin-1 genes were detected using western blotting.Results:The model group showed significantly higher average Longa scores than the sham group, with less time spent in the target quadrant and fewer crossings of the platform quadrant. The HE staining revealed numerous degenerating neurons, and swollen mitochondria with vacuolization and sparse cristae. There was also a significant decrease in Parkin, PINK1, LC3-II/LC3-I and Beclin-1 expression and in SOD. But there was a significant increase in P62 expression and MDA, on average. Compared with the model group, both the non-synchronous and synchronous groups showed significantly lower average Longa scores, with more time spent in the target quadrant and more platform crossings. Their neuron morphology was close to normal, with more intact cristae and autophagic bodies in the mitochondria. Those groups showed greater Parkin, PINK1, LC3-II/LC3-I and Beclin-1 expression and had higher SOD levels, on average, with significantly lower P62 expression and less MDA. But compared with the non-synchronous group, the synchronous group spent more time in the target quadrant and had significantly more platform crossings. LC3-II/LC3-I and Beclin-1 expression were higher, on average, as were SOD levels. P62 expression and MDA levels were significantly lower.Conclusions:Acupuncture synchronized with exercise improves the learning and memory of rates after MCAO. The mechanism may be related to reducing oxidative stress levels and activating mitochondrial autophagy.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of double-channel core decompression (CD) combined with medullary cavity irrigation with those of simple CD on progression of collapse and clinical outcomes in non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 19 patients (30 hips) with non-traumatic ONFH who underwent double-channel CD combined with medullary cavity irrigation and admitted between January 2024 and October 2024 (CD+irrigation group). According to a 1: 2 ratio, 54 patients (60 hips) who underwent simple CD and were matched in terms of age, gender, and body mass index (BMI) were included as the control (CD group). There was no significant difference in baseline data such as age, gender, BMI, affected side, ONFH type, preoperative Association Research Circulation Osseous (ARCO) stage, bone marrow edema stage, visual analogue scale (VAS) score for pain, and Harris score between the two groups ( P>0.05). The postoperative discharge time and occurrence of complications were recorded for both groups. The VAS scores before operation and at discharge after operation were compared, and the differences between pre- and post-operation (change values) were calculated for intergroup comparison. The Harris scores before operation and at discharge and 3 months after operation were also compared. During follow-up, X-ray film, CT, and MRI were performed for reexamination. The ARCO stage and bone marrow edema stage were evaluated at 3 months after operation and compared with those before operation to determine whether there was radiological progression or relief. RESULTS: All incisions in both groups healed by first intention after operation, with no infection, femoral neck fracture, or other operation-related complications. All patients were followed up, and the follow-up time of the CD+irrigation group was (146.8±27.7) days, and that of the CD group was (164.3±48.2) days; there was no significant difference between the two groups ( t=1.840, P=0.069). There was no significant difference in the length of hospital stay between the two groups ( P>0.05). At discharge after operation, the VAS score of the CD+irrigation group was significantly lower than that of the CD group ( P<0.05), and the change value was significantly higher than that of the CD group ( P<0.05). The Harris scores at discharge and 3 months after operation in the CD+irrigation group were significantly higher than those in the CD group ( P<0.05). The Harris score gradually increased with time, and the differences between different time points were significant ( P<0.05). Radiological reexamination showed that there was no significant difference in the ARCO stage and the incidence of radiological progression between the two groups at 3 months after operation ( P>0.05); however, the bone marrow edema stage and the degree of bone marrow edema relief in the CD+irrigation group were better than those in the CD group, with significant differences ( P<0.05). CONCLUSION Double-channel CD combined with medullary cavity irrigation can significantly alleviate hip joint pain and improve joint function in patients with non-traumatic ONFH, reduce the degree of bone marrow edema in the femoral head, and delay the progression of ONFH.
Humans ; Femur Head Necrosis/therapy* ; Retrospective Studies ; Male ; Female ; Decompression, Surgical/methods* ; Therapeutic Irrigation/methods* ; Adult ; Treatment Outcome ; Middle Aged ; Femur Head/surgery*

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether adding 1 transverse screw (TS) to the triangular parallel cannulated screw (TPCS) fixation has a mechanical stability advantage for Pauwels type Ⅲ femoral neck fractures by conducting finite element analysis on four internal fixation methods. METHODS: Based on CT data of a healthy adult male volunteer's femur, three Pauwels type Ⅲ femoral neck fracture models (Pauwels angle 70°, Pauwels angle 80°, and Pauwels angle 70° combined with bone defect) were constructed using Mimics 21.0 software and SolidWorks 2017 software. Four different internal fixation models were built at the same time, including TPCS, TPCS+TS, three cross screws (TCS), and TPCS+medial buttress plate (MBP). The mechanical stability of different models under the same load was compared by finite element analysis. RESULTS: The femoral model established in this study exhibited a maximum stress of 28.62 MPa, with relatively higher stress concentrated in the femoral neck. These findings were comparable to previous studies, indicating that the constructed femoral finite element model was correct. The maximum stress of internal fixation in finite element analysis showed that TCS was the lowest and TPCS+MBP was the highest in Pauwels angle 70° and 80° models, while TPCS+TS was the lowest and TCS was the highest in Pauwels angle 70° combined with bone defect model. The maximum displacement of internal fixation in each fracture model was located at the top of the femoral head, with TCS having the highest maximum displacement of the femur. The maximum stress of fracture surface in finite element analysis showed that TCS was the lowest and TPCS was the highest in the Pauwels angle 70° model, while TPCS+MBP was the lowest and TPCS/TCS were the highest in the Pauwels angle 80° model and the Pauwels angle 70° combined with bone defect model, respectively. The maximum displacement of fracture surfece analysis showed that TPCS+MBP was the lowest and TCS was the highest in Pauwels angle 70° and 80° models, while TPCS+TS was the lowest and TCS was the highest in Pauwels angle 70° combined with bone defect model. CONCLUSION For Pauwels type Ⅲ femoral neck fractures, the biomechanical stability of TPCS+TS was superior to that of TPCS alone and TCS, but it has not yet reached the level of TPCS+MBP.
Finite Element Analysis ; Humans ; Femoral Neck Fractures/diagnostic imaging* ; Bone Screws ; Fracture Fixation, Internal/instrumentation* ; Male ; Bone Plates ; Stress, Mechanical ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Adult ; Femur Neck/surgery*

Animal experiments are an essential component of life sciences and medical research. However, the external validity and reliability of individual animal studies are frequently challenged by inherent limitations such as small sample sizes, high design heterogeneity, and poor reproducibility, which impede the effective translation of research findings into clinical practice. Systematic reviews and meta-analysis represent a key methodology for integrating existing evidence and enhancing the robustness of conclusions. Currently, however, the application of systematic reviews and meta-analysis in the field of animal experiments lacks standardized guidelines for their conduct and reporting, resulting in inconsistent quality and, to some extent, diminishing their evidence value. To address this issue, this paper aims to systematically delineate the reporting process for systematic reviews and meta-analysis of animal experiments and to propose a set of standardized recommendations that are both scientific and practical. The article's scope encompasses the entire process, from the preliminary preparatory phase [including formulating the population， intervention， comparison and outcome （PICO） question, assessing feasibility, and protocol pre-registration] to the key writing points for each section of the main report. In the core methods section, the paper elaborates on how to implement literature searches, establish eligibility criteria, perform data extraction, and assess the risk of bias, based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis （PRISMA) statement, in conjunction with relevant guidelines and tools such as Animal Research： Reporting of in Vivo Experiments （ARRIVE) and a risk of bias assessment tool developed by the Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation (SYRCLE). For the presentation of results, strategies are proposed for clear and transparent display using flow diagrams and tables of characteristics. The discussion section places particular emphasis on how to scientifically interpret pooled effects, thoroughly analyze sources of heterogeneity, evaluate the impact of publication bias, and cautiously discuss the validity and limitations of extrapolating findings from animal studies to clinical settings. Furthermore, this paper recommends adopting the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology to comprehensively grade the quality of evidence. Through a modular analysis of the entire reporting process, this paper aims to provide researchers in the field with a clear and practical guide, thereby promoting the standardized development of systematic reviews and meta-analysis of animal experiments and enhancing their application value in scientific decision-making and translational medicine.

Objective To study how lipid bilayer fluidity modulates the interaction between β1 integrin and CD40L,as well as the formation of CD40L-mediated tumor cell contact interfaces.Methods Supported lipid bilayers(SLB)with different fluidities were prepared through adjusting the 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-[N-(5-amino-l-carboxypentyl)iminodiacetic acid]succinyl nickel salt(DGS-NTA)content.The functionalization of lipid bilayers was achieved by anchoring fluorescently labeled CD40L molecules onto the membrane surface.The contact interface formation of PC9 cells on the functionalized lipid bilayers was observed through confocal fluorescence imaging and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching(FRAP)experiments,and data of two dimensional(2D)reaction kinetics of β1 integrin and CD40L were extracted from Zhu-Golan plots.Results The diffusion coefficient of molecules in lipid bilayer was negatively correlated with DGS-NTA content.High fluidity of lipid bilayer promoted CD40L accumulation at cell contact interface and expanded the cell contact area.The 2D dissociation constants(2D Kd)of β1 integrin-CD40L complexes were approximately 13,31 and 65 molecules/μm2 for the three lipid bilayers with high,moderate and low fluidities,respectively.Conclusions High fluidity of lipid bilayers significantly facilitates diffusion and aggregation of CD40L to the cell contact interface,thus enhancing β1 integrin-CD40L interaction and the stability of cell contact interfaces.

Objective To explore the significance of detecting serum semaphorin 4D(Sema4D),soluble growth-stimulation expression gene 2 protein(sST2),and Omentin-1 in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HCM)accompanied by atrial fibrillation(AF),and to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods A total of 90 patients with HCM and atrial fibrillation admitted to Tsinghua University Yuquan Hospital(Tsinghua University Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital)from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected as the HCM-AF group,and another 90 patients with sinus rhythm HCM in the same stage were selected as the sinus rhythm HCM group.The serum levels of Sema4D,sST2,Omentin-1 and cardiac function indicators[left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDD)]were compared between the two groups.The correlation between serum Sema4D,sST2,Omentin-1 and cardiac function indicators,as well as the severity of atrial fibrillation in HCM was analyzed.The predictive value of three indicators for atrial fibrillation in HCM was analyzedand the predictive efficacy of percutaneous radiofrequency ablation(PRFA)for the recurrence of atrial fibrillation in HCM patients.Results The serum levels of Sema4D and sST2 in the HCM-AF group were higher than those in the sinus rhythm HCM group,while the levels of Omentin-1 and LVEF were lower than those in the sinus rhythm HCM group,with statistically significant differences(t=2.517～12.325,all P<0.05).The serum levels of Sema4D and sST2 in the persistent subgroup were higher than those in the paroxysmal subgroup,while the levels of Omentin-1 and LVEF were lower than those in the paroxysmal subgroup,the differences were statistically significant(t=2.635～15.931,all P<0.05).Spearman/Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum Sema4D and sST2 were negatively correlated with LVEF(r=-0.57,-0.609,all P<0.001),while Omentin-1 was positively correlated with LVEF(r=0.593,P<0.001).Serum Sema4D and sST2 were positively correlated with the severity of AF in HCM(r=0.625,0.631,all P<0.001),while Omentin-1 was negatively correlated with the severity of AF in HCM(r=-0.617,P<0.001).The serum levels of Sema4D and sST2 in the recurrence subgroup were higher than those in the non-recurrence subgroup,while the serum level of Omentin-1 was lower(t=12.805,7.049,13.345,all P<0.05).The receiver operator characteristic(ROC)curve results showed that the AUC(95%CI)of serum Sema4D,sST2 and Omentin-1 combined to predict atrial fibrillation in HCM was 0.916(0.865～0.952),higher than the individual predictions of the three(Z=3.621,3.657,0.318,all P<0.05).The AUC(95%CI)of serum Sema4D,sST2 and Omentin-1 combined to predict the recurrence of atrial fibrillation in patients with HCM after radiofrequency ablation was 0.931(0.857～0.973),higher than the individual predictions of the three(Z=4.115,3.657,3.853,all P<0.05).Conclusion The levels of serum Sema4D and sST2 in the serum of patients with HCM complicated with atrial fibrillation were elevated,while the level of Omentin-1 was drcreased.Detecting serum Sema4D,sST2 and Omentin-1 has high performance in predicting the occurrence of atrial fibrillation in patients with HCM and the recurrence of atrial fibrillation after radiofrequency ablation therapy.

Purpose To explore the value of conventional ultrasound combined with ultrasound radiomics in detecting triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC).Materials and Methods In this study,we retrospectively collected the preoperative conventional ultrasound images and clinic-pathological data of 682 patients with lumpy breast cancer from the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2015 to December 2021.All patients included 325 cases with TNBC and 357 cases with non-TNBC.Features were extracted from preoperative ultrasound images of patients,screened,dimensionally reduced,and a combined model was constructed with ultrasound features and clinicopathological features.The performance of the three single models and combined models was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.Results The area under the curve of conventional ultrasound model,clinicopathological model,ultrasound imaging omics and the combined model in training group and validation suite were 0.730,0.718,0.982,0.985,0.726,0.683,0.981 and 0.982,respectively.The area under the curve of TNBC detected by the combined model was significantly higher than that of the single model(Z=7.311,7.024,3.883,all P<0.01).Conclusion The combined model based on ultrasonography has good diagnostic efficacy in detecting TNBC.As a non-invasive examination,it can avoid unnecessary biopsy to the patient.