The antidepressant activity and molecular mechanisms of Yueju Wan volatile oil were investigated. The Yueju Wan volatile oil was extracted by using supercritical CO_2. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) combined with network pharmacology identified 28 chemical constituents in Yueju Wan volatile oil, primarily terpenes and lactones. A total of 123 overlapping targets were associated with depression, including core targets of interleukin-1β(IL-1β), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3), and caspase-3(CASP3). These targets were mainly involved in the prolactin, advanced glycation end products/receptor(AGE/RAGE), and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/Akt) signaling pathways. A reserpine-induced depression mouse model was established to evaluate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of Yueju Wan volatile oil. The effects of Yueju Wan volatile oil on depression-like behavior in mice were evaluated by analyzing body mass, body temperature index, tail suspension immobility time, forced swimming immobility time, and sucrose preference. Hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining revealed neuronal protection of Yueju Wan volatile oil in the brain of mice. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and Western blot were employed to detect the protein expression of AGEs, IL-1β, phosphorylated PI3K(p-PI3K), Akt, phosphorylated Akt(p-Akt), nuclear factor κB(NF-κB), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF). Behavioral evaluation showed that Yueju Wan volatile oil could effectively control the decline of body mass and body temperature of depressed mice, reduce tail suspension and swimming immobility time, and enhance their preference for sucrose. Histopathological examination showed that Yueju Wan volatile oil could alleviate the neuronal damage in CA1 and dentate gyrus(DG) of the hippocampus of mice. ELISA and Western blot results showed that Yueju Wan volatile oil could significantly increase the protein expression levels of PI3K, Akt, and BDNF and significantly decrease the protein expression levels of AGEs, IL-1β, p-PI3K, p-Akt, and NF-κB in the hippocampus of mice. Furthermore, the p-PI3K/PI3K and p-Akt/Akt ratios were significantly decreased at medium and high doses. These findings suggest that the aromatherapy of Yueju Wan volatile oil can significantly improve reserpine-induced depression-like behavior in mice, which may be related to reducing the expression of neuronal membrane protein AGEs, reducing the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and Akt, inhibiting NF-κB entry into the nucleus, and alleviating the release of pro-inflammatory factors and nerve injury.
Animals ; Antidepressive Agents/chemistry* ; Mice ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/immunology* ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/immunology* ; Oils, Volatile/chemistry* ; Male ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry* ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Depression/metabolism* ; Glycation End Products, Advanced/immunology* ; Humans

Hyssopus cuspidatus is an authentic medicinal herb used in Xinjiang， rich in the chemical constituents including flavonoids， phenolic acids and terpenoids. It possesses anti-inflammatory， antioxidant， and immunomodulatory effects. Modern pharmacological studies have demonstrated that H. cuspidatus exerts therapeutic effects on asthma by inhibiting airway inflammatory responses， suppressing airway remodeling， modulating the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis， and relaxing bronchial smooth muscle. It also demonstrates intervention effects on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by reducing levels of inflammatory cytokines and regulating immune balance. Additionally， H. cuspidatus can mitigate acute lung injury by inhibiting oxidative stress and intervene in lung cancer by suppressing proliferation and promoting apoptosis of lung cancer cells. In terms of clinical application， compound preparations containing H. cuspidatus， such as Hanchuan zupa granules and Luo’ou kezupa， have demonstrated favorable therapeutic effects on pulmonary diseases including asthma， cough， and pediatric bronchopneumonia. Currently， the research on precise action targets and compound matching rules of H. cuspidatus remains inadequate. Future studies should integrate modern technologies such as metabolomics to conduct in-depth exploration， thereby promoting the modernized development and clinical application of this traditional medicinal herb.

177Lu-prostate specific membrane antigen(PSMA)radio-ligand therapy has been approved abroad for advanced prostate cancer and has been in several clinical trials in China.Based on domestic clinical practice and experimental data and referred to international experience and viewpoints,the expert group forms a consensus on the clinical application of 177Lu-PSMA radio-ligand therapy in prostate cancer to guide clinical practice.

Objective:To analyze the clinical application value of a novel magnetic navigation ultrasound (MNU) combined with digital subtraction angiography (DSA) dual-guided percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTCD) through the right hepatic duct for the treatment of malignant obstructive jaundice.Methods:Randomized controlled trial. The clinical data of 64 patients with malignant obstructive jaundice requiring PTCD through the right hepatic duct at the Hepatobiliary Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Jiangsu Province People′s Hospital) from December 2018 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The MNU group ( n=32) underwent puncture guided by a novel domestic MNU combined with DSA, and the control group ( n=32) underwent puncture guided by traditional DSA. The operation time, number of punctures, X-ray dose after biliary stenting as shown by DSA, patients' tolerance of the operation, success rate of the operation, pre- and post-operative total bilirubin, and incidence of postoperative complications were compared between the two groups. Results:The operation time of the MNU group was significantly shorter than that of the control group [(17.8±7.3) vs. (31.6±9.9) min, t=-6.35, P=0.001]; the number of punctures in the MNU group was significantly lower [(1.7±0.6) vs. (6.3±3.9) times, t=-6.59, P=0.001]; and the X-ray dose after biliary stenting as shown by DSA in the MNU group was lower than that in the control group [(132±88) vs. (746±187) mGy, t=-16.81, P<0.001]; Five patients in the control group were unable to tolerate the operation, and two stopped the operation, however all patients in the MNU group could tolerate the operation, and all completed the operation, with a success rate of 100% (32/32) in the MNU group compared to 93.8%(30/32) in the control group; the common complications of PTCD were biliary bleeding and infection, and the incidence of biliary bleeding (25.0%, 8/32) and infection (18.8%, 6/32) in the MNU group was significantly lower than that in the control group, 53.1% (17/32) and 28.1% (9/32), respectively. Conclusion:Magnetic navigation ultrasound combined with DSA dual-guided PTCD through the right biliary system for the treatment of malignant obstructive jaundice is safe and feasible.

Objective To understand the current distribution and characteristics of advanced schistosomiasis patients who accepted medical assistance in Hunan Province in 2015,so as to provide the evidence for perfecting the policy and measures of the medical assistance to advanced schistosomiasis patients. Methods The patients who had been diagnosed as advanced schis-tosomiasis were verified and confirmed according to the standard of the medical assistance to advanced schistosomiasis patients in Hunan Province in 2015. The epidemiological survey was conducted to investigate the demographic characteristics,history of diagnosis and treatment,and medical assistance to these persons. Results There were 3850 advanced schistosomiasis patients who accepted the medical assistance in Hunan Province in 2015,and among them,2664 patients were male(69.19%),and 1186 were female(30.81%). Most of them(92.82%)came from the main schistosomiasis endemic areas,such as Yueyang, Changde and Yiyang. There were 2369 cases of ascites(61.53%),1466 cases of splenomegaly(38.08%),15 cases of colon proliferation and dwarf(0.39%). The mean age of advanced schistosomiasis patients who accepted the medical assistance was (62.94 ± 11.67)years old,with 64.31% of them being more than 60 years old. The age of initial diagnosis of advanced schistoso-miasis was(53.85 ± 21.32)years old,and it was concentrated in 40-60 years old(68.57%). The mean duration of advanced schistosomiasis was(9.58 ± 10.06)years,and it was mainly distributed in 10 years(75.95%). The mean duration from initial diagnosis of schistosomiasis to advanced schistosomiasis was(22.33 ± 14.20)years. The priority of the medical assistance to ad-vanced schistosomiasis patients was given to the county hospitals(76.57%);and the effective rate of assistance was 94.46%. To-tally 86.57% of the patients with advanced schistosomiasis got the medical insurance(rural cooperative medical care,urban medical care,etc.). Conclusions The burden of the medical assistance to advanced schistosomiasis patients is still heavy be-cause of many patients and low cure rate in Hunan Province. The ascites patients and high age patients should be the important objects of the medical assistance.

Objective:To illuminate a method for establishment of a cost-efficient atopic dermatitis (AD) mouse model by topical application of ovalbumin (OVA),super-antigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB),and calcipotriene ointment (CO) on the back of BALB/c mice.Methods:Experimental mice were topically treated with OVA/SEB or OVA/SEB/CO every other day during 15 days of induction.Clinical alterations on the skin area were monitored every other day.Epidermal thickness were measured by reflectance confocal microscope (RCM) before harvest.Inflammatory cells in skin biopsies were marked by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining.Blood sample and skin biopsies were measured by ELISA and quantitative real-time PCR to detect the expression of IL-2,IL-4,IL-31,interferon (IFN)-γ,tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α pruritus-associated nerve growth factor (NGF),and serum IgE.Results:Human AD-like cutaneous local inflammatory reaction was characterized by the accumulation of inflammatory cells,increased epidermal thickness and serum IgE levels as well as Th1 cell-associated cytokines (IFN-γ,TNF-α),Th2 cell-associated cytokines (IL-4,IL-31),and NGF in the OVA/SEB/CO group compared with that in the normal control group or the OVA/ SEB group.Conclusion:OVA/SEB/CO can induce an AD-like mouse model with lower economic and time consumption.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the validity and reliability of Diabetes Self-management Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior Assessment Scale (DSKAB).

METHODSWe selected 460 patients with diabetes in the community, used the scale which was after two rounds of the Delphi method and pilot study. Investigators surveyed the patients by the way of face to face. by draw lots, we selected 25 community diabetes randomly for repeating investigations after one week. The validity analyses included face validity, content validity, construct validity and discriminant validity. The reliability analyses included Cronbach's α coefficient, θ coefficient, Ω coefficient, split-half reliability and test-retest reliability.

RESULTSThis study distributed a total of 460 questionnaires, reclaimed 442, qualified 432. The score of the scale was 254.59 ± 28.90, the scores of the knowledge, attitude, behavior sub-scales were 82.44 ± 11.24, 63.53 ± 5.77 and 108.61 ± 17.55, respectively. It had excellent face validity and content validity. The correlation coefficient was from 0.71 to 0.91 among three sub-scales and the scale, P<0.001. The common factor cumulative variance contribution rate of the scale and three sub-scales was from 57.28% to 67.19%, which achieved more than 50% of the approved standard, there was 25 common factors, 91 items of the total 98 items held factor loading ≥0.40 in its relevant common factor, it had good construct validity. The scores of high group and low group in three sub-scales were: knowledge (91.12 ± 3.62) and (69.96 ± 11.20), attitude (68.75 ± 4.51) and (58.79 ± 4.87), behavior (129.38 ± 8.53) and (89.65 ± 11.34),mean scores of three sub-scales were apparently different, which compared between high score group and low score group, the t value were - 19.45, -16.24 and -30.29, respectively, P<0.001, and it had good discriminant validity. The Cronbach's α coefficient of the scale and three sub-scales was from 0.79 to 0.93, the θ coefficient was from 0.86 to 0.95, the Ω coefficient was from 0.90 to 0.98, split-half reliability was from 0.89 to 0.95.Test-retest reliability of the scale was 0.51;the three sub-scales was from 0.46 to 0.52, P<0.05.

CONCLUSIONThe validity and reliability of the Diabetes Self-management Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior Assessment Scale are excellent, which is a suitable instrument to evaluate the self-management for patients with diabetes.

Diabetes Mellitus ; therapy ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Pilot Projects ; Reproducibility of Results ; Self Care ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Objective To analyze the molecular characteristic and trace the resource of dengue virus in Zhuhaidistrict of Guangzhou during 2012-2015.Methods Collected the cases data of dengue fever in Zhuhai district from 2012-2015 and analyzed the epidemical characteristic.DENV strains were isolated by C6/36 cells,the E gene was amplified from the positive specimen by RT-PCR.The PCR products were sequenced and then analyzed by bio-information software.Results Total of 6 260 DENV infection cases were reported,and the cases happened in every age group;57.78％ of the cases occurred in October.16 virus strains were isolated from 48 samples and the whole E genes were successfully amplified,the virus strains from 2013 and 2014 were the same one and the nucleotide sequence 99.93％ identify with DENV-1 in 2009.Phylogenetic analysis showed that DENV-1 belonged to the G1 genotype,genetically close to the strains from Thailand;strains from 2015 were the same one and belonged to the Cosmopolitan genotype of DENV-2,most similar with the strains from India.Conclusions The DENV-1 outbreak in Haizhu district of Guangzhou during 2012-2015 were belonged to G1 that originated from Thailand and might indigenous in 2009;DENV-2 was belonged to Cosmopolitan genotype which was imported.

OBJECTIVETo study the role of Th17/Treg imbalance in the immune pathogenesis and therapeutic significance in childhood aplastic anemia (AA).

METHODWe analyzed data from 43 children (male: female = 14: 29) with AA, all the cases were at the age of 2 to 14 years at diagnosis, and were hospitalized at our department of pediatrics between January 2012 and October 2013 in the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University. All these patients were divided into 2 groups, severe AA (SAA) group (n = 25, male: female = 8: 17, 2-14 years old) and non-severe AA (NSAA) group (n = 18, male: female = 6: 12, 2-14 years old), depending on the severity at first diagnosis. As to the treatment, we analyzed data at 3 phases of treatment, diagnosis (n = 43, male: female = 14: 29, 2-14 years old), transfusion-indenpendence (n = 8, male: female = 5: 3, 2-11 years old), complete response (n = 6, male: female = 3: 3, 2-11 years old); at the same time, AA children who did not respond to the treatments were considered as failed treatment control (transfusion-indenpendence with failed treatment group, n = 5, male: female = 1: 4, 3-8 years old; complete response failed treatment group, n = 4, male: female = 2: 2, 4-11 years old). The ratio of Treg and Th17 cells in CD4(+) T cells were tested by flow cytometry. The levels of IL-6 and IL-17 in plasma were determined by ELISA. During the same period, 25 age-matched healthy children (male: female = 12: 13, 3-14 years old) were recruited as normal control, 9 cases (male: female = 5: 3, 2-11 years old) of AA children induced by chemotherapy as diagnosis control group. Differences in variables were analyzed using ANOVA and t-tests or the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U-tests, as appropriate. Correlation analysis was evaluated by the Spearman rank correlation test.

RESULT(1) The ratio of Th17 cells in newly diagnosed AA patients were higher than that of normal group or diagnosis control group [1.63% (1.27%, 2.48%) vs. 0.4% (0.35%, 0.51%) or 0.50% (0.45%, 0.75%), both P < 0.01] while the ratio of Treg cells was lower [4.24% (3.10%, 5.29%) vs. 7.03% (6.56%, 7.48%) or 7.50% (6.60%, 8.30%), both P < 0.01] and the proportion of Th17/Treg were significantly higher [0.53(0.34, 0.69) vs. 0.06 (0.05, 0.07) or 0.09 (0.08,0.11), both P < 0.01]. (2) The levels of IL-6 and IL-17 in newly diagnosed AA patients were higher than in normal group [ (223 ± 92) vs. (116 ± 18) ng/L, (26.2 ± 12.0) ng/L vs. (10.6 ± 2.1) ng/L, P both < 0.01]. There was a positive correlation between Th17 cells and some Th17 cells related cytokines such as IL-17 and IL-6 (r = 0.62, 0.64, P both < 0.01). (3) The ratio of Th17, Th17/Treg, and the levels of IL-6 and IL-17 in children with SAA were also higher than in normal group [1.80% (1.25%, 2.61%) vs. 0.40% (0.35%, 0.51%), 0.57% (5.10%,0.82%) vs. 0.06% (0.05%, 0.07%), (225 ± 108) vs. (116 ± 18) ng/L, (25.9 ± 12.6) vs. (10.6 ± 2.1)ng/L, all P < 0.01]. NSAA also higher than normal group. The ratio of Treg in children with SAA and NSAA was less than that in normal group (P all < 0.01). However, the ratio of Th17, Treg, Th17/Treg, and the levels of IL-6 and IL-17 had no significant difference between SAA and NSAA (all P > 0.05). (4) In different stages of treatment, such as diagnosis, transfusion-indenpendence, complete response, there were significant differences in the ratio of Th17 and Th17/Treg (both P < 0.05) but not in Treg (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe imbalance of Th17/Treg cells and abnormally increased cytokines related to Th17 cells exist in peripheral blood of AA children, but did not significantly affect the severity of AA in preliminary diagnosis. After treatment with immunosuppression, AA was gradually relieved as the imbalance of Th17/Treg was corrected.

Adolescent ; Anemia, Aplastic ; immunology ; therapy ; Blood Transfusion ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cytokines ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Interleukin-17 ; Interleukin-6 ; Male ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; immunology ; Th17 Cells ; immunology

Objective To study application of hematocoelia reinjection in abdominal injury with massive hemorrhage and anemia ,and to estimate the impact of salvaged autotransfusion on blood routine and blood coagulation of patients.Methods In 75 patients with intra-abdominal injury bleeding anemia undergoing autologous hematocoelia reinfusion,compare the anemia index and coagulation indexes before and after surgery to evaluate the therapeutic effect.Results Among 75 cases,1 cases died of brain injury,the other 74 cases were cured.After the second days of review,red blood cell,hemoglobin,hematocrit,platelet were elevated,compared with preoperative,the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.01).Comparison of each index function and coagulation before operation ,the differ-ences were statistically significant (all P>0.05).Conclusion Salvaged autotransfusion can improve anemia prompt-ly without any impact on coagulation function in rescuing abdominal injured patients with massive hemorrhage and a -nemia.The treatment is effective .It has an important application in primary hospital .