Glaucoma and cataract are leading causes of blindness globally and frequently coexist in the elderly population, presenting unique challenges for clinical management. With continuous advancements in cataract surgery and the increasing diversity of intraocular lens(IOL)designs, optimizing IOL selection for patients with both glaucoma and cataract has emerged as a critical area of research. The goal is to achieve the best possible visual quality while maximizing the preservation of visual function, controlling intraocular pressure, and minimizing postoperative complications. This review systematically summarizes current research progress regarding IOL selection for patients with glaucoma and cataract.

AIM: To analyze changes in the anterior chamber angle structure in patients with implantable collamer lens with central-port(ICL V4c)implantation, and to investigate their associations with preoperative anterior segment anatomical parameters.METHODS: Retrospective case study. Patients with myopia or myopia combined with astigmatism who underwent ICL V4c implantation in the Refractive Surgery Center of the Department of Ophthalmology, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University between July 2024 and November 2024 were recruited. Preoperative and postoperative uncorrected visual acuity, best-corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure, anterior chamber angle(ACA), white-to-white distance(WTW), anterior chamber depth(ACD), angle to angle distance(ATA), horizontal sulcus-to-sulcus distance(HSTS), vertical sulcus-to-sulcus distance(VSTS),crystalline lens rise(CLR), pupil diameter(PD), iris thickness at 750 μm from the scleral spur(IT750),maximal iris thickness(ITM), iris curvature(I-Curv), and iris cross-sectional area(I-Area), angle opening distance(AOD750), thetrabecular-iris angle(TIA750)and the trabecular-iris space area(TISA750)in the temporal, nasal, superior, and inferior directions,as well as the vault at various postoperative time points were measured.RESULTS: The study involved 40 patients(79 eyes)with myopia or myopia combined with astigmatism who underwent ICL V4c implantation(10 males and 30 females)with the mean age of 24.73±3.79 y. Compared with preoperative measurements, at 1 mo postoperatively, the AOD750, TIA750, and TISA750 parameters at the four angles(temporal, nasal, superior, and inferior)all showed a significant reduction(P<0.01). Statistically significant differences in vault were observed at postoperative 1d(0.49±0.1), postoperative 1 wk(0.43±0.14), and postoperative 1 mo(0.41±0.14)(all P<0.001). Correlation analysis indicated that the postoperative state of the anterior chamber angle was jointly influenced by anterior chamber parameters(ACD, ATA, HSTS、VSTS), iris morphology(I-Area, IT750), pupil size(PD), and surgical factors(ICL size, early vault), and that the combination of influencing factors varied across different orientations. Regression analysis showed that ACD was positively correlated with all postoperative anterior chamber angle parameters(P<0.05). IT750 exhibited negative correlations with the temporal and inferior angles(P<0.05). I-Area was positively correlated with temporal AOD750 and TISA750(P<0.05), and PD had negative correlations with temporal TIA750 and nasal AOD750(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Postoperative anterior chamber angle narrowing is a common phenomenon after ICL V4c implantation. The degree of change exhibits a significant correlation with multiple preoperative anterior segment anatomical parameters. Preoperative comprehensive assessment of ACD, PD, and IT750 may facilitate the evaluation of the risk of postoperative angle changes and the enhancement of surgical safety.

S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM) is ubiquitous in living organisms and plays important roles in transmethylation, transsulfuration and transamination in organisms. Due to its important physiological functions, production of SAM has attracted increasing attentions. Currently, researches on SAM production mainly focus on microbial fermentation, which is more cost-effective than that of the chemical synthesis and the enzyme catalysis, thus easier to achieve commercial production. With the rapid growth in SAM demand, interests in improving SAM production by developing SAM hyper-producing microorganisms aroused. The main strategies for improving SAM productivity of microorganisms include conventional breeding and metabolic engineering. This review summarizes the recent research progress in improving microbial SAM productivity to facilitate further improving SAM productivity. The bottlenecks in SAM biosynthesis and the solutions were also addressed.
S-Adenosylmethionine/metabolism* ; Plant Breeding ; Fermentation ; Metabolic Engineering

Objective:To investigate the surgical method and clinical effect in the repair of thumb tip defect with radial thenar fasciocutaneous flap.Methods:From March, 2016 to January, 2019, 15 patients with thumb tip defect were treated by radial thenar fasciocutaneous flap. There were 6 defects in left thumb and 9 in right thumb. All the thumbtip defects had the exposure of digital bone, and some had defects of digital bone itself. The size of defects ranged from 1.0 cm×2.0 cm to 1.5 cm×3.0 cm, and the size of the flaps ranged from 1.2 cm×2.5 cm to 1.8 cm×4.0 cm. All of the donor sites were directly closed. The patients entered follow-up by outpatient visit, telephone calls or WeChat reviews to evaluate the quality of the flaps and the clinical effects of the surgery.Results:All flaps survived with good quality. All the donor sites achieved primary healing. The follow-ups lasted for 6 to 18 months with an average of 10.5 months. At the final follow-up review, the appearance of flaps was satisfactory in natural colour, flexible and wear-resistant. There were various degrees of sensation recovery of the flaps, with TPD from 6 mm to 12 mm. The sensation around the donor site was close to normal. Function of the thumbs was evaluated according to the total active movement (TAM) evaluation system. Twelve thumbs were graded excellent and 3 in good.Conclusion:The radial thenar fasciocutaneous flap achieved satisfactory clinical effect in the repair of thumb tip defect. The texture of the flaps is close to the recipient site and the damage to the donor site is minimal.

Objective To explore the outcomes of free flap from the radial artery superficial palmar branch (RASP) innervated by the lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm for repairing the defects of finger pulp. Methods From April, 2013 to February, 2015, 20 fingers in 20 cases were treated with free flap from RASP innervated by the lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm. The area of flap was from 1.8 cm×2.0 cm to 2.0 cm×4.0 cm. Postoperative fol-low up was done termly. Results All 20 flaps survived. All cases were followed-up for 7-20 months ( averag, 12 months). The flaps appeared well with good texture. The two-point discrimination was from 7 mm to 12 mm, and grad-ed with S3 and S3+sensation. There was little scar noted at the donor site in the wrist. There was no influence of hand and wrist function. Conclusion The method of using free flap from SASP innervated by the lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm to repair the defects of finger pulp has good clinical effect.