Objective: To investigate the factors affecting cognition and vaccination willingness to receive human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccine among male university students, so as to provide a basis for formulating health education and promotion strategies for HPV vaccination in males. Methods: From March to June 2025, a convenience sampling method was used to recruit full-time male undergraduate students from 23 universities in Zhejiang Province. Self-administered questionnaires were employed to collect information on participants' basic demographics, sexual behaviors, knowledge of HPV and HPV vaccines, and willingness to receive HPV vaccination. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors for vaccination willingness to receive HPV vaccine among male university students. Results: A total of 402 male university students were surveyed, with a mean age of (20.20±1.95) years. Among them, 65 participants reported having engaged in sexual behavior, accounting for 16.17%. Additionally, 192 students perceived themselves to be at relatively high risk of HPV infection, accounting for 47.76%. Knowledge of HPV and the HPV vaccine was reported by 227 participants, corresponding to an awareness rate of 56.47%. Willingness to receive HPV vaccine was expressed by 242 individuals, reflecting a vaccination willingness rate of 60.20%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that male university students who were medical majors (OR = 3.404, 95% CI: 1.396-8.301), had engaged in sexual behavior (OR = 2.341, 95% CI: 1.102-4.970), perceived themselves to be at higher risk of HPV infection (OR = 1.631, 95% CI: 1.041-2.557), recognized the necessity of HPV vaccination for males (OR = 8.955, 95% CI: 4.705-17.044), and had been exposed to HPV vaccine promotion activities in their university (OR = 2.277, 95% CI: 1.320-3.926) showed a higher willingness to receive HPV vaccine. Conversely, those who had concerns about vaccine safety (OR = 0.510, 95% CI: 0.292-0.890), were unaware of the HPV vaccine appointment process (OR = 0.400, 95% CI: 0.232-0.690), or expressed concerns about the cost of the vaccine (OR = 0.560, 95% CI: 0.322-0.976) exhibited a lower willingness to be vaccinated. Conclusions Male university students in Zhejiang Province demonstrated a relatively low level of cognition regarding HPV and HPV vaccine, yet expressed a comparatively high willingness to receive HPV vaccine. Factors affecting vaccination willingness to receive HPV vaccine among male university students included cognition of HPV and HPV vaccine, self-perceived risk of HPV infection, concerns about vaccine safety, awareness of the vaccine appointment process, and considerations regarding vaccine cost.

Objective: To investigate the willingness to receive the pneumococcal vaccine and its influencing factors among middle-aged and elderly population in Zhejiang Province, so as to provide a basis for increasing the vaccination rate of pueumococcal among middle-aged and elderly population. Methods: From March to May 2024, a multi-stage random sampling method was employed to recruit residents aged ≥50 years from 35 counties (cities or districts) in Zhejiang Province. Data on basic information, knowledge of pneumonia, pneumococcal vaccine, and willingness to receive pneumococcal vaccine were collected through questionnaire surveys. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to analyze influencing factors for the willingness to receive pneumococcal vaccine among middle-aged and elderly population. Results: A total of 10 500 middle-aged and elderly population were surveyed. Among them, there were 5 202 males, accounting for 49.54%, and 5 298 females, accounting for 50.46%. The mean age was (65.11±9.05) years. Of the participants, 7 732 individuals were aware of pneumonia, accounting for 73.64%. A total of 1 724 individuals had received pneumococcal vaccine, corresponding to a vaccination rate of 16.42%. Furthermore, 5 138 participants expressed willingness to receive pneumococcal vaccine, with a willingness rate of 48.93%. The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that middle-aged and elderly population aged ≥60 years (60-<70 years, OR=1.577, 95%CI: 1.433-1.736; ≥70 years, OR=2.110, 95%CI: 1.918-2.321), those with a history of chronic diseases (OR=1.250, 95%CI: 1.154-1.353), those who were recommended to receive the pneumonia vaccine by doctors (OR=4.896, 95%CI: 4.507-5.318), those who were aware of pneumonia (OR=1.460, 95%CI: 1.338-1.594), those who were aware that the elderly are prone to pneumonia (OR=1.490, 95%CI: 1.375-1.614), those who were aware of the causes of pneumonia (OR=1.559, 95%CI: 1.434-1.694), those who were aware that vaccination can prevent pneumonia (OR=2.196, 95%CI: 2.031-2.375), and those who were aware of the immunization schedule for pneumonia vaccine (OR=1.897, 95%CI: 1.683-2.124) had a higher willingness to receive pneumonia vaccine. Conclusions The willingness of middle-aged and elderly population in Zhejiang Province to receive pneumonia vaccine is related to age, history of chronic diseases, awareness of pneumonia, and awareness of pneumonia vaccine. It is recommended to strengthen health education on pneumonia and pneumonia vaccine for middle-aged and elderly population, in order to increase the willingness to receive the vaccine and vaccination rate.

Excessive N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine(NAPQI)formation is a starting event that triggers oxidative stress and subsequent hepatocyte necrosis in acetaminophen(APAP)overdose caused acute liver failure(ALF).S-glutathionylation is a reversible redox post-translational modification and a prospective mechanism of APAP hepatotoxicity.Glutaredoxin-1(Glrx1),a glutathione-specific thioltransferase,is a primary enzyme to catalyze deglutathionylation.The objective of this study was to explored whether and how Glrx1 is associated with the development of ALF induced by APAP.The Glrx1 knockout mice(Glrx1-/-)and liver-specific overexpression of Glrx1(AAV8-Glrx1)mice were produced and underwent APAP-induced ALF.Pirfenidone(PFD),a potential inducer of Glrx1,was administrated preceding APAP to assess its protective effects.Our results revealed that the hepatic total protein S-glutathionylation(PSSG)increased and the Glrx1 level reduced in mice after APAP toxicity.Glrx1-/- mice were more sensitive to APAP overdose,with higher oxidative stress and more toxic metabolites of APAP.This was attributed to Glrx1 deficiency increasing the total hepatic PSSG and the S-glutathionylation of cytochrome p450 3a 11(Cyp3a11),which likely increased the activity of Cyp3a11.Conversely,AAV8-Glrx1 mice were defended against liver damage caused by APAP overdose by inhibiting the S-glutathionylation and activity of Cyp3a11,which reduced the toxic metabolites of APAP and oxidative stress.PFD precede administration upregulated Glrx1 expression and alleviated APAP-induced ALF by decreasing oxidative stress.We have identified the function of Glrx1 mediated PSSG in liver injury caused by APAP overdose.Increasing Glrx1 expression may be investigated for the medical treatment of APAP-caused hepatic injury.

Objective: To investigate the changing trends in the prevalence of health literacy among rural residents in Zhejiang Province from 2016 to 2021, so as to provide the evidence for formulating the health promotion strategy in rural areas. Methods: Rural residents' health literacy surveillance data were retrieved in Zhejiang Province from 2016 to 2021. The prevalence of health literacy was evaluated among rural residents according to the criteria defined by Chinese Center for Health Education, and standardized by Zhejiang Provincial population data captured from the national population census in China. The 6-year cumulative increase from 2016 to 2021 was estimated to investigate the changing trends in the prevalence of health literacy. Results: Totally 55 568 rural residents were monitored in Zhejiang Province from 2016 to 2021, including 26 893 men (48.40%) and 28 675 women (51.60%) and 32 156 residents at ages of 45 to 65 years (57.87%). The prevalence of health literacy was 18.00%, 21.52%, 25.53%, 27.54%, 30.85%, and 34.32% among rural residents in Zhejiang Province from 2016 to 2021, appearing a tendency towards a rise (χ2trend=661.376, P<0.001), and a 16.32% 6-year cumulative increase was seen. The prevalence of basic knowledge and concept, healthy lifestyle and behaviors and basic skills all appeared a tendency towards a rise (P<0.05), with 6-year cumulative increase rates of 24.48%, 11.08% and 8.11%, respectively. Among six categories of health issues, the prevalence of chronic disease prevention, scientific health outlook and health information literacy showed a tendency towards a rise year by year (P<0.05), with 6-year cumulative increase rates of 29.73%, 21.07% and 15.98%, respectively, and the prevalence of basic medical care, safety and first aid, and infectious disease prevention literacy appeared a fluctuation (P<0.05), with 6-year cumulative increase rates of 12.85%, 6.36% and -0.47%, respectively. The prevalence of health literacy appeared an overall tendency towards a rise in rural residents with different genders, age groups, educational levels and occupations (P<0.05), with a minor 6-year cumulative increase in residents at ages of 55 years and older and farmers, while a tendency towards a decline was seen among illiterate rural residents, with a 6-year cumulative rise of -3.16%. Conclusions The prevalence of health literacy appeared a tendency towards a rise among rural residents in Zhejiang Province from 2016 to 2021; however, the rate of increase reduced year by year. Health education and promotion should be enhanced targeting the elderly, individuals with low educational levels and farmers.

Objective: To analyze the information about coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on WeChat official accounts of centers for disease control and prevention (CDCs) in Zhejiang Province from January 20 to February 5,2020,so as to provide reference for improving the effects of health communication by WeChat official accounts. Methods: The number,content and pageview of the information about COVID-19 on WeChat official accounts of one provincial and eleven municipal CDCs from January 20 to February 5 were collected and analyzed. The number of new followers and WeChat communication power index (WCI) were employed to evaluate the communication effect. Results: By February 5,those WeChat public official accounts pushed 629 pieces of information about COVID-19. The pageviews were 3 713 428 in total and 5 903.70 on average. There were totally 633 008 followers,including 110 341 new followers which contributed to a growth rate of 21.11%. The average WCI was 677.81. The WCIs of eight official accounts were higher than 500,with “Zhejiang Health Education” the highest (1 021.95). The daily pageviews peaked on January 20,21,25 and 31. Among the top 15 pieces of information in pageviews,there were 7 pieces for epidemic announcements,3 pieces for popular science and 5 pieces for behavioral intervention. Conclusions The WeChat official accounts of CDCs in Zhejiang Province pushed the information about COVID-19 in line with the progress of the epidemic and the demand of the public,leading to a higher attention and better communication effect.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a text message for smoking cessation among _{male smokers before their wives}' _pregnancy, and to provide evidence for smoking cessation strategies. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in four cities of Zhejiang province from April to October 2016. A total of 552 male smokers were assessed using data from structured questionnaires at baseline and were followed up at 1 and 6 months. A total of 307 participants were provided a text message _{(SMS) for smoking cessation intervention, along with wives}' _{involvement in husbands}' _quitting programs. The intervention group was compared with the control group without intervention. Outcomes were self-reported 7-day point prevalence abstinence rates at 1-month and 6-months follow up. Results: In the intervention group, the proportion of participants who self-reported to be healthy reduced from 26.4% to 15.3% at 1-month follow-up and increased to 21.8% at 6-month follow-up; in the control group, it was reduced from 19.2% to 11.4% at 1-month follow-up, and increased to 20.4% at 6-month follow-up. The 7-day point prevalence abstinence rate of the intervention group at 1 and 6 months were higher than that of the control group: at 1-month follow-up, 13.0% vs. 8.2%; at 6-month follow-up, 16.3% vs. 8.2%, respectively. Compared to the control group, the intervention group considered "determination" as the most important support (61.9% at 1 month, 60.9% at 6 months); "addiction cycle" was the main barrier (47.2% at 1 month, 48.9% at 6 months), and they were less influenced by other smokers (8.1% at 1 month, 5.2% at 6 months). Conclusion SMS smoking cessation intervention, along with wife's involvement in husband's quitting programs had a positive effect on the quitting rates.

Objective To explore the determinants of willingness to quit smoking among pre-pregnancy male smokers, and to provide evidence for smoking cessation strategies. Methods An intercept survey was carried out in four cities in Zhejiang, and there were 552 pre-pregnancy male smokers from 1401 newly wedded couples under investigation. Result The pre-pregnancy male smoking rate was 39.82%, and only 6.88%of pre-pregnancy male smokers were categorized as highly nicotine-dependent. The rate of recent willingness to quit smoking was 50.54%, and reasons for quitting were as follows:a planned pregnancy (62.50%), an example for children (47.70%), and objections from family members (45.22%). The tobacco knowledge among pre-pregnancy male smokers is relatively poor, only 49.64% of smokers were aware 8 points in 11 questions; 88.75% of smoker's wives supported their husband to quit smoking. The associated factors of smoking cessation include: tobacco knowledge (OR=0.38), health self-assessment well (OR=1.90), wife's willing for husband to quit smoking (OR=2.87). Conclusion Compared to ordinary people, the proportion of intention to quit smoking was higher in pre-pregnancy male smokers. To strengthen health education and make wife initiating in husband's quitting programs would be more effective.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate (MgIG) on allergy contact dermatitis (ACD) in mice.

METHODThe model of ACD was sensitized and challenged by 1% dinitrofluorobenzene(DNFB).48 SPF grade mice were divided into 6 groups randomly: a control group, a model group, three dosage groups and a positive group. The drug was injected through vena caudalis. The change of ear's swelling and the scores of ear's thickness and erythema of each mouse was observed. The level of INF-gamma, IgE, IL-4 in serum was detected by ELISA method. Then the pathologic change of mice ears was using HE staining examined under light microscope.

RESULTMgIG could decrease (P < 0.05) the ear's swelling, the scores of ear's thickness and erythema, and INF-gamma and IgE level in mice serum. It was observed that MgIG could significantly alleviate the infiltrate of inflam cell and the hemangiectasis in ear tissue.

CONCLUSIONCertain concentration of MgIG has significant therapeutic effect on ACD in mice. Therapeutic mechanism of MgIG may be relevant with the suppression of INF-gamma and IgE.

Animals ; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Humans ; Interleukin-4 ; immunology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Random Allocation ; Saponins ; administration & dosage ; Triterpenes ; administration & dosage