Objective:To learn about the operation of arsenic reduction and water improvement projects and the present situation of arsenic level in drinking water in drinking water type endemic arsenic poisoning areas in Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province.Methods:From May to August 2023, in accordance with the requirements of the "Investigation Plan for Arsenic Content in Drinking Water of Residents in Arsenic Exposed Areas of Shanxi Province", 29 high arsenic villages in the drinking water type endemic arsenic poisoning historical areas of Pingyao County, Jiexiu City and Qi County in Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province were selected as monitoring villages to investigate the operation of water improvement projects. The drinking water samples of village residents were collected and water arsenic level was measured by hydride atomic fluorescence spectrophotometry. At the same time, monitoring of the operation of water improvement projects and water arsenic level for residents within adjacent local areas were carried out in townships where 29 high arsenic villages located.Results:In 2023, a total of 29 high arsenic villages in 3 counties (cities) of Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province were monitored, all of which had undergone water improvement and all water improvement projects were operating normally. The range of water arsenic level was 0.000 - 0.047 mg/L, with 27 high arsenic villages had water arsenic level < 0.01 mg/L. A total of 81 natural villages within the adjacent local areas of high arsenic villages in Jinzhong City were monitored, all of which had undergone water improvement and the water improvement projects were operating normally. The range of water arsenic level was 0.000 - 0.043 mg/L, and there were 4, 7, and 2 natural villages in Pingyao County, Jiexiu City and Qi County with water arsenic level ranging from 0.01 to 0.05 mg/L.Conclusions:All high arsenic villages in Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province have completed water improvement, and the water improvement projects are operating normally. The water arsenic level in most high arsenic villages meets the national drinking water standard (< 0.01 mg/L).

Objective:To analyze the review results of salt iodine monitoring in the county-level laboratories of iodine deficiency disorders in Jinzhong City, and to learn about the quality of the monitoring in the county-level laboratories, so as to provide scientific basis for formulating iodine deficiency disorders prevention and control strategies.Methods:From 2021 to 2023, Jinzhong Center for Disease Control and Prevention used the systematic random sampling method to select 5% (15 samples each) of all edible salt samples (short for salt samples) tested by 11 county-level iodine deficiency disorders laboratories under its jurisdiction for retesting each year. The salt iodine was determined by the redox titration method in accordance with the "General Test Method in Salt Industry-Determination of Iodine" (GB/T 13025.7-2012). Comparisons between groups for count data were analyzed using the χ 2 test, and the comparisons between groups for measurement data were analyzed using a random group design t-test. Results:From 2021 to 2023, the municipal laboratories reviewed and tested 165 salt samples (495 in total over 3 years). The proportion of households using adquately iodized salt tested by county-level laboratories was 92.53% (458/495), with annual rates of 89.70% (148/165), 93.33% (154/165), and 94.55% (156/165), respectively. The proportion of households using adquately iodized salt detected by municipal laboratories was 94.95% (470/495), with annual rates of 90.91% (150/165), 96.36% (159/165), and 97.58% (161/165), respectively. There was no significant difference in the proportion of households using adquately iodized salt detected by the two-level laboratories from 2021 to 2023 (χ 2 = 2.48, P = 0.116). The proportion of salt samples with relative error > 20% in the salt iodine detection results of county-level laboratories reviewed at the municipal laboratory from 2021 to 2023 were 20.00% (33/165), 16.97% (28/165), and 8.48% (14/165), respectively. The differences between different years were statistically significant (χ 2 = 8.49, P = 0.004). Compared with 2023, in 2021 and 2022, the differences were statistically significant ( P < 0.05). The proportion of salt samples with relative error > 30% were 7.88% (13/165), 6.06% (10/165), and 3.64% (6/165), respectively. There was no significant difference among different years (χ 2 = 2.69, P = 0.101). The comparison of laboratory test results between the two-level laboratories showed statistically significant differences ( t = 6.05, P < 0.001). Among the group data reviewed, there were a total of 16 groups with statistical significance, including 4 groups in 2021, 7 groups in 2022, and 5 groups in 2023. Conclusions:The review results indicate that the quality of salt iodine monitoring in county-level laboratories in Jinzhong City continues to improve, and the testing data are authentic and reliable. In the future, training for county-level laboratory inspectors should be increased to enhance their operational skills and minimize testing result errors.

Objective To observe the functional recovery situation after prostate cancer radical opera-tion with maximal preservation of the periprostatic structures (MS-RARP).Methods Sixty-seven patients with localized prostatic cancer undergoing MS-RARP in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Med-ical University from June 2019 to June 2022 were selected as the study subjects.The changes of urinary con-trol function,erection function,quality of life and total prostate specific antigen (t-PSA) were compared at the time between before operation and postoperative 6 weeks,3 months,6 months,12 months.The expanded pros-tate cancer index composite index (EPIC-50) was used to evaluate the urinary control function,the interna-tional index of erectile function (IIEF-5) questionnaire was used to evaluate the erection function of the pa-tients,and EPIC-50 and the american urological associated symptom score rating scale (AUA-SS) were used to evaluate the life satisfaction of the patients.Results The urinary control function recovery rate,erection function recovery rate and life quality satisfaction rate in postoperative 6 weeks,3 months,6 months,12 months were 71.8％,95.5％,97.3％ and 98.1％;31.7％,38.1％,41.3％ and 44.4％;38.9％,83.6％,88.1％ and 97.0％,respectively.The median t-PSA was gradually decreased,which were 0.026(0.010,0.410),0.009 (0.003,0.060),0.006(0.001,0.050)and 0.004(0.001,0.006)ng/mL,respectively.The life quality satisfac-tion rates at various postoperative time points were significantly increased when compared with before opera-tion (P<0.05).t-PSA was significantly decreased compared with before operation (P<0.05).Conclusion RARP could protect the postoperative urinary function and sexual function,and increase the postoperative life quality of the patients.

Objective:To analyze the epidemic dynamics and characteristics of human brucellosis in Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province, and to provide scientific basis for formulating prevention and control measures.Methods:Brucellosis epidemic data from "China Disease Prevention and Control Information System" from 2013 to 2020 and the surveillance data of brucellosis prevention and control in Jinzhong City over the years were collected, and the epidemiological characteristics, serological and pathogenic monitoring results of brucellosis in Jinzhong City were analyzed.Results:A total of 5 235 cases of brucellosis were reported in Jinzhong City from 2013 to 2020, with an average annual incidence of 19.60/100 000. There was a statistically significant difference in the annual incidence of each year (χ 2 = 561.09, P < 0.001). Pingyao County had the largest number of reported cases (903 cases), and Yushe County had the highest incidence (59.78/100 000). The incidence was observed in every month of the past years, with significant seasonal onset, the peak of the incidence was from March to July, accounting for 60.50% (3 167/5 235). The majority of the patients were male, aged 20 - 60 years, and farmers, accounting for 81.07% (4 244/5 235), 85.06% (4 453/5 235) and 81.34% (4 258/5 235), respectively. Epidemiological investigation revealed 33 522 high-risk occupational groups. Serological examination was performed in 24 544 people, with a positive rate of 4.45% (1 091/24 544). In 263 pathogenic culture samples, 52 strains of Brucella were found, with a detection rate of 19.77%, all of them were sheep type 3. Conclusions:In recent years, the epidemic of brucellosis in Jinzhong City has shown a sporadic trend, with significant regional differences in the incidence. The occupational population is still the focus of prevention and control. It is suggested to carry out occupational population monitoring, do a good job in health education and behavioral intervention, timely learn about the epidemic dynamics, and effectively control the brucellosis epidemic.

Objective:To analyze the monitoring results of national brucellosis monitoring sites in Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province, and to provide a basis for scientific evaluation of prevention and control effects.Methods:From the "Disease Surveillance Information Report Management System", the surveillance results of national brucellosis surveillance sites (Pingyao County) in Jinzhong City from 2013 to 2021 were summarized and descriptive analysis was carried out.Results:From 2013 to 2021, a total of 996 cases of brucellosis were reported at the national brucellosis monitoring sites in Jinzhong City. A total of 3 538 serum samples were collected from key occupational groups, of which 161 were positive for brucellosis, with a positive rate of 4.55%. Among them, new cases accounted for 55.28% (89/161) and latent infections accounted for 21.74% (35/161). The annual serological test positive rate fluctuated between 1.19% and 20.55%. Except for 2014, the positive rate in all other years was less than 5.00%, and there was a statistically significant difference in positive rates between different years (χ 2 = 222.89, P < 0.001). The monitoring sites covered all townships within the jurisdiction (5 towns and 8 townships), and there was a statistically significant difference in positive rates among different townships (χ 2 = 26.45, P = 0.009). There was a statistically significant difference in positive rates among different occupations (χ 2 = 27.35, P < 0.001), with higher positive rates for veterinarians (5.41%, 2/37) and herders (4.76%, 29/609), respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in positive rates among different age groups (χ 2 = 42.97, P < 0.001), with a higher positive rate of 7.04% (104/1 477) in the 50 to 59 year old group. It can be seen from the scatter plot that the reported incidence rate did not increase linearly with the increase of serological positive rate. Conclusions:Except for 2014, the positive rate of serological tests for brucellosis at the national brucellosis monitoring sites in Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province has remained basically stable in other years. All townships in Pingyao County have an epidemic of brucellosis, and the 50 - 59 year old group and high-risk occupational groups are susceptible to it. The representatives of the monitoring results is not good, and it is recommended that the monitoring sites should strictly control the inclusion of the monitoring objects.

OBJECTIVE To study the effects of Jinbei oral liquid against influenza A H 1N1 virus and secondary Streptococcus pneumoniae infection of rats ，and to provide reference for its clinical application . METHODS Oseltamivir phosphate capsule （25.6 mg/kg）was used as a positive control . Influenza A H 1N1 virus infection model of mice was established by nasal drops of H 1N1 virus containing 0.8 median lethal dose （LD50）. The body mass ，lung index ，lung viral load ，pathological changes of lung tissue ， and serum levels of tumor necrosis factor α（TNF-α），interleukin-1β（IL-1β）and IL -6 were used as indexes to investigate the anti - H1N1 virus effect of 15.6，7.8 and 3.9 mL/kg Jinbei oral liquid in vivo . The model of secondary S. pneumoniae infection was established by nasal drops of H 1N1 virus solution containing 0.5 LD50 and S. pneumoniae solution containing 1×109 colony forming units. The death ，lung index ，nasal and lung bacterial load ，serum levels of interferon -β（IFN-β），IL-17 and IL -23 were used as indexes to investigate the effects of 15.6 mL/kg Jinbei oral liquid against secondary S. pneumoniae infection. RESULTS After 6 days of administration ，both 15.6 and 7.8 mL/kg Jinbei oral liquid significantly increased the abnormally reduced body weight of influenza A H 1N1 virus infected mice ，significantly reduced the abnormally increased lung index and serum levels of TNF -α，IL- 1β，IL-6（P＜0.05）；it also significantly reduced the viral load in the lung （P＜0.05）and alleviated the degree of lung tissue lesions. At the same time ，15.6 mL/kg Jinbei oral liquid significantly prolonged the survival time of mice co -infected 2020CXGC010505， with virus and bacteria （P＜0.05）and reduced the mortality rate；it also significantly increased the abnormally reduced body weight and serum levels of IL -17 and IL -23（P＜0.05）， while reduced the nasal and lung bacterial loads and the abnormally increased serum level of IFN -β （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Jinbei oral liquid has a certain anti -influenza A H 1N1 virus infection effect of rats and can help the body resist secondary S. pneumoniae infection by restoring the type 17 antibacterial immune function .

OBJECTIVE： To study early toxicity of paracetamol （APAP） to drug-induced liver injury in mice based on lipid metabonomics research， and to provide reference for finding potential biological marker. METHODS： Totally 20 mice were randomly divided into normal group and APAP liver injury group， with 10 mice in each group. APAP liver injury group was given intraperitoneal injection of APAP 300 mg/kg to establish acute liver injury model； normal group was given constant volume of normal saline intraperitoneally. 1 h later， the blood of mice was collected to isolate plasma. UPLC-Triple-TOF-MS method was used to detect plasma metabolites and perform metabonomics analysis. PCA， PLS-DA and OPLS-DA analysis distinguished the difference of metabolism profiles between groups. The lipid metabolites were screened and identified according to HMDB， Metlin and LIPID MAPS databases. Meanwhile， the changes of APAP level in plasma of mice were detected. The lipid metabolites with variable influence in the projection （VIP） greater than 1 and P＜0.05 in OPLS-DA analysis were identified as differential metabolites. The correlation between lipid differential metabolites and plasma APAP level was analyzed. RESULTS： PCA， PLS-DA and OPLS-DA results showed that sample points in normal group and APAP liver injury group were located in different areas with good differentiation. Compared with liver injury group and normal group， levels of 5 fatty acid metabolites were significantly increased or decreased； levels of 8 glycerophospholipids were significantly decreased and one sphingolipids was significantly increased. 9-thiastearic acid， tetradecanedioic acid， 9-hydrogen peroxide-10，12-octadecadienoic acid， L-myristoyl carnitine （fatty acid） and scyphostation A （sphingolipids） levels had a significant correlation with APAP level in plasma. CONCLUSIONS： The plasma lipid metabolomics showed abnormal changes 1 hour after acetaminophen exposure. A total of 14 related lipid differential metabolites are found， and 5 of which are significantly correlated with APAP level in plasma.

OBJECTIVETo detect numerical chromosomal aberrations and copy number variations (CNVs) in abortus tissue samples with a benchtop semiconductor sequencing platform (SSP).

METHODSOne hundred and forty patients with early spontaneous abortions at between 7 and 16 weeks were selected. Following DNA extraction, library preparation, high-throughput sequencing was carried out.

RESULTSChromosomal anomalies were detected in 82 cases (58.57%), which included 67 aneuploidies and 15 CNVs. Trisomies 16, 21, 22, and X/Y were the most common. A significant difference was found in the anomaly rates between women <35 and ≥35 years old (P< 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe SSP platform can detect chromosomal aneuploidies and CNVs among abortus tissues. Numerical chromosomal aberration is the main cause of early spontaneous abortion, and advance maternal age is a high risk factor for chromosomal abnormality.

Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels are confirmed to be expressed in bladder interstitial Cajal-like cells (ICC-LCs), but little is known about their possible role in cystitis-associated bladder dysfunction. The present study aimed to determine the functional role of HCN channels in regulating bladder function under inflammatory conditions. Sixty female wild-type C57BL/6J mice and sixty female HCN1-knockout mice were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups, respectively. Cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced cystitis models were successfully established in these mice. CYP treatment significantly enhanced HCN channel protein expression and I(h) density and significantly altered bladder HCN1 channel regulatory proteins. Carbachol (CCH) and forskolin (FSK) exerted significant effects on bladder ICC-LC [Ca²⁺]i in CYP-treated wild-type (WT) mice, and HCN1 channel ablation significantly decreased the effects of CCH and FSK on bladder ICC-LC [Ca²⁺]i in both naive and CYP-treated mice. CYP treatment significantly potentiated the spontaneous contractions and CCH (0.001-10 µM)-induced phasic contractions of detrusor strips, and HCN1 channel deletion significantly abated such effects. Finally, we demonstrated that the development of CYP-induced bladder overactivity was reversed in HCN1 -/- mice. Taken together, our results suggest that CYP-induced enhancements of HCN1 channel expression and function in bladder ICC-LCs are essential for cystitis-associated bladder hyperactivity development, indicating that the HCN1 channel may be a novel therapeutic target for managing bladder hyperactivity.
Animals ; Carbachol ; Colforsin ; Cyclophosphamide ; Cystitis ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperpolarization-Activated Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channels* ; Mice* ; Telocytes* ; Up-Regulation* ; Urinary Bladder*

Objective To explore the ultrasound characteristics of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the bile duct( IPM N-B) and evaluate its diagnostic value . Methods Seventeen cases of IPM N-B were diagnosed by ultrasonic examination and confirmed by surgery and pathology . The ultrasound findings and distribution of color Doppler flow signals were observed and analyzed in comparison with the surgical and pathological results . Results Ultrasound revealed the characteristics of IPMN-B:① Bile duct mural nodules that looked like papillary or polypoid were observed; ② Asymmetry bile duct dilatation ,namely obvious dilatation in the lesion intrahepatic bile duct ,but only mild dilatation in the normal intrahepatic bile duct ;③Typical lesions showed mucus in bile duct along bile duct wall without acoustic shadow or move . High frequency ultrasound revealed that mucus in bile duct could float that looked like gelatin when operator vibrated probe in those superficial lesions . This is reliable characteristics of IPMN-B by ultrasound . Conclusions Ultrasound is of high value in the diagnosis of IPMN-B .