BACKGROUND: The available evidence regarding the benefits of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on patients receiving dialysis with coronary artery disease (CAD) is limited and inconsistent. This study aimed to evaluate the association between PCI and clinical outcomes as compared with medical therapy alone in patients undergoing dialysis with CAD in China. METHODS: This multicenter, retrospective study was conducted in 30 tertiary medical centers across 12 provinces in China from January 2015 to June 2021 to include patients on dialysis with CAD. The primary outcome was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), defined as a composite of cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and non-fatal stroke. Secondary outcomes included all-cause death, the individual components of MACE, and Bleeding Academic Research Consortium criteria types 2, 3, or 5 bleeding. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the association between PCI and outcomes. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) and propensity score matching (PSM) were performed to account for potential between-group differences. RESULTS: Of the 1146 patients on dialysis with significant CAD, 821 (71.6%) underwent PCI. After a median follow-up of 23.0 months, PCI was associated with a 43.0% significantly lower risk for MACE (33.9% [ n  = 278] vs . 43.7% [ n  = 142]; adjusted hazards ratio 0.57, 95% confidence interval 0.45-0.71), along with a slightly increased risk for bleeding outcomes that did not reach statistical significance (11.1% vs . 8.3%; adjusted hazards ratio 1.31, 95% confidence interval, 0.82-2.11). Furthermore, PCI was associated with a significant reduction in all-cause and cardiovascular mortalities. Subgroup analysis did not modify the association of PCI with patient outcomes. These primary findings were consistent across IPTW, PSM, and competing risk analyses. CONCLUSION This study indicated that PCI in patients on dialysis with CAD was significantly associated with lower MACE and mortality when comparing with those with medical therapy alone, albeit with a slightly increased risk for bleeding events that did not reach statistical significance.
Humans ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/methods* ; Male ; Female ; Coronary Artery Disease/drug therapy* ; Retrospective Studies ; Renal Dialysis/methods* ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; China ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Treatment Outcome

The mandibular condyle is a critical growth center in craniofacial bone development, especially during postnatal stages. Postnatal condyle osteogenesis requires precise spatiotemporal coordination of growth factor signaling cascades and hierarchical gene regulatory networks. Plagl1, which encodes a zinc finger transcription factor, is a paternally expressed gene. We demonstrate that PLAGL1 is highly expressed in cranial neural crest cell (CNCC)-derived lineage cells in mouse condyles. Using the CNCC-derived lineage-specific Plagl1 knockout mouse model, we evaluate the function of PLAGL1 during postnatal mouse condyle development. Our findings show that PLAGL1 contributes significantly to osteoblast differentiation, and its deficiency impairs osteogenic lineage differentiation, which consequently disrupts mandibular condyle development. Mechanistically, insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) in complex with IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) has been identified as the principal PLAGL1 effector responsible for osteogenic regulation during postnatal condyle morphogenesis. Plagl1 deficiency significantly downregulates the IGF2/IGFBP pathway, leading to disordered glucose metabolism, defective extracellular matrix organization, and impaired ossification. Exogenous IGF2 treatment rescues impaired osteoblast differentiation caused by Plagl1 deficiency. In conclusion, the PLAGL1-IGF2 axis is a critical regulator of osteogenesis during mandibular condyle development.
Animals ; Osteogenesis/genetics* ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor II/metabolism* ; Mice ; Transcription Factors/metabolism* ; Mice, Knockout ; Cell Differentiation ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics* ; Mandibular Condyle/growth & development* ; Osteoblasts/cytology* ; Signal Transduction ; Neural Crest/cytology*

Mesangial cell proliferation is an early pathological indicator of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Growing evidence highlights the pivotal role of paired-related homeobox 1 (Prrx1), a key regulator of cellular proliferation and tissue differentiation, in various disease pathogenesis. Notably, Prrx1 is highly expressed in mesangial cells under DN conditions. Both in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that Prrx1 overexpression promotes mesangial cell proliferation and contributes to renal fibrosis in db/m mice. Conversely, Prrx1 knockdown markedly suppresses hyperglycemia-induced mesangial cell proliferation and mitigates renal fibrosis in db/db mice. Mechanistically, Prrx1 directly interacts with the Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP) promoter, leading to the upregulation of YAP expression. This upregulation promotes mesangial cell proliferation and exacerbates renal fibrosis. These findings emphasize the crucial role of Prrx1 upregulation in high glucose-induced mesangial cell proliferation, ultimately leading to renal fibrosis in DN. Therefore, targeting Prrx1 to downregulate its expression presents a promising therapeutic strategy for treating renal fibrosis associated with DN.

The production of healthy agricultural products has increased the demand for innovative and sustainable plant protection technologies, and the rapid advancement of nanotechnology has brought revolutionary breakthroughs to traditional agriculture. Nanocarrier-based drug delivery systems can not only significantly improve the utilization efficiency of pesticides, achieving enhanced efficacy and reduced application, but also decrease the pesticide residues and environmental pollution. Additionally, they have made breakthrough progress in the stability and persistence of RNA pesticides. This review summarized the research progress on nanopesticides and RNA pesticides, focusing on the mechanisms of nanocarriers in improving pesticide bioactivity and RNA interference (RNAi) efficiency. It also systematically summarized the types of nanomaterials and their applications in pest and disease management and provided an in-depth outlook for the future development of nanopesticides and RNA pesticides, which provided technical support for the high-quality development of agriculture in the future.
Pesticides/chemistry* ; Nanotechnology ; Nanostructures ; RNA ; Agriculture/methods* ; RNA Interference ; Drug Delivery Systems

Objective:To analyze the relationship between health belief and the stages of parental decision-making on childhood 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) immunization in China.Methods:Cross-sectional multistage survey sampling method was used to select study subjects. The study subjects were parents who were aged 20-45 years and had one and more children ≤5 years old in three cities in China. A self-administered questionnaire designed based on health belief model was used to collect the information. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationships between perceived susceptibility, perceived severity of illness, perceived effect of PCV13 and stages of parental decision-making on childhood PCV13 immunization.Results:A total of 1 716 valid questionnaires were returned (89.33%). The average age of the study subjects was (35.33±4.95) years, and 79.60% of them were women. In the study subjects, 48.31% had in action, 21.79% were in contemplation and 29.90% were in pre-contemplation. The multinominal logistic regression analysis indicated that high perceived susceptibility ( OR=0.14, 95% CI:0.09-0.22; OR=0.54, 95% CI:0.39-0.76), high perceived severity of illness ( OR=0.55, 95% CI:0.42-0.73), and high perceived effect of PCV13 ( OR=0.27, 95% CI:0.18-0.40; OR=0.51, 95% CI:0.32-0.81) were significantly lower in those who were in contemplation or pre-compared with those who had in action. For study subjects with low perceived susceptibility, high perceived effect of PCV13 might decrease the probabilities of contemplation ( OR=0.53, 95% CI:0.32-0.87) and pre-contemplation ( OR=0.27, 95% CI:0.18-0.41). For those with high perceived susceptibility, perceived severity of illness might decrease the probability of contemplation ( OR=0.43, 95% CI:0.23-0.82). Conclusions:Childhood PCV13 vaccination willingness and level is low in China. It is important to pay greater attention to the intervention on health belief in child parents, such as perceived effect of PCV13, perceived severity of illness, and perceived susceptibility, in health policy development and health promotion.

Objective To investigate the effect of resveratrol(RSV)in the treatment of peri-implantitis in a murine model and its effect on nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB)signaling and mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPKs)signal-ing.Methods This study has been reviewed and approved by the Ethics.After extracting the right maxillary molars of 40 C57BL/6 mice and allowing them to heal naturally for 8 weeks,implants were implanted at the site of the first molar.The mice were randomly divided into a control group,a mouse peri implantitis model group,a low-dose group of 20 mg/kg resveratrol(RSV-L),and a high-dose group of 40 mg/kg resveratrol(RSV-H).After 4 weeks of implant implantation,a silk thread ligation induced peri implantitis model was established in all mice except for the control group.The model group received intervention with physiological saline by gavage,while the drug group received intervention with resvera-trol by gavage for 6 consecutive weeks.After 6-week treatment,observe the swelling of the gums around the implant and measure the bone resorption around the mouse implant using micro CT.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect the levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α)and interleukin-6(IL-6)in gingival crevicular fluid.HE staining was used to observe the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the surrounding tissues of mouse implants.Pro-tein expression level and phosphorylation level of extracellular regulated protein kinases(ERK),p-ERK,c-Jun N-termi-nal kinase(JNK),p-JNK,p38 mitogen activated protein kinase(p38 MAPK),p-p38MAPK,nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB),p-NF-κB,nuclear factor-κB inhibitory protein(IκBα),p-IκBα in MAPKs/NF-κB signaling pathway were detected by Western blot(WB).Results Resveratrol group showed reduced tissue edema and decreased alveolar bone resorp-tion.Among them,the high-dose resveratrol group had lighter tissue edema and weaker bone resorption compared to the low-dose group.The micro CT results showed that significant changes in the bone level around the implant were observed in the model group mice at four sites:proximal,distal,buccal,and palatal.High dose resveratrol intervention reduced al-veolar bone resorption(P＜0.05);compared with the low-dose group,the high-dose group showed a decrease in palatal bone resorption(P＜0.05),while there was no significant difference in absorption between the mesial,distal,and buccal sides(P＞0.05).The ELISA results showed that compared with the model group,the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in the gingival crevicular fluid of mice in the low-dose and high-dose resveratrol groups were lower(P＜0.05).The IL-6 in the gingival crevicular fluid of mice in the high-dose resveratrol group was lower than that in the low-dose group(P＜0.05).However,there was no significant difference in TNF-α levels between the two groups.HE staining showed a decrease in inflammatory cell infiltration in mice after treatment with resveratrol.The WB results showed that compared with the con-trol group,the expression levels of p-Erk,p-JNK,p-p38MAPK,p-IκA,and p-NF-κB phosphorylated proteins in the gingi-val tissue of the model group mice were significantly increased(P＜0.01).The resveratrol treatment group significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of p-Erk,p-JNK,p-p38MAPK,p-IκA,and p-NF-κB proteins.Compared with the low-dose group,the high-dose group inhibited the phosphorylation of MAPKs/NF-κB signaling pathway related proteins more sig-nificantly(P＜0.05).Conclusion Resveratrol protect ligature induced peri-implantitis murine model,which may be re-lated to its inhibition of phosphorylation of MAPKs/NF-κB pathway.

Melatonin receptor 1B (MT2, encoded by the MTNR1B gene), a high-affinity receptor for melatonin, is associated with glucose homeostasis including glucose uptake and transport. The rs10830963 variant in the MTNR1B gene is linked to glucose metabolism disorders including gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM); however, the relationship between MT2-mediated melatonin signaling and a high birth weight of GDM infants from maternal glucose abnormality remains poorly understood. This article aims to investigate the relationship between rs10830963 variants and GDM development, as well as the effects of MT2 receptor on glucose uptake and transport in trophoblasts. TaqMan-MGB (minor groove binder) probe quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays were used for rs10930963 genotyping. MT2 expression in the placenta of GDM and normal pregnant women was detected by immunofluorescence, western blot, and qPCR. The relationship between MT2 and glucose transporters (GLUTs) or peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) was established by western blot, and glucose consumption of trophoblasts was measured by a glucose assay kit. The results showed that the genotype and allele frequencies of rs10830963 were significantly different between GDM and normal pregnant women (P<0.05). The fasting, 1-h and 2-h plasma glucose levels of G-allele carriers were significantly higher than those of C-allele carriers (P<0.05). Besides, the protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of MT2 in the placenta of GDM was significantly higher than that of normal pregnant women (P<0.05). Melatonin could stimulate glucose uptake and GLUT4 and PPARγ protein expression in trophoblasts, which could be attenuated by MT2 receptor knockdown. In conclusion, the rs10830963 variant was associated with an increased risk of GDM. The MT2 receptor is essential for melatonin to raise glucose uptake and transport, which may be mediated by PPARγ.
Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Blood Glucose/metabolism* ; Diabetes, Gestational/metabolism* ; Glucose/metabolism* ; Melatonin/metabolism* ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; PPAR gamma ; Receptor, Melatonin, MT2/genetics*

OBJECTIVE To explore standardized evaluation process for clinical comprehensive evaluation of blood lipid- regulating drugs and perform rapid assessment of clinical comprehensive evaluation of blood lipid-regulating drugs with different mechanisms so as to provide reference for the drug catalogue selection and rational drug use of medical institutions. METHODS Referring to guidelines and consensus such as the guideline for the management of comprehensive clinical evaluation of drugs， the methods such as literature research， expert interviews， and Delphi expert consultation were used to establish a multi-dimensional and multi-criteria clinical comprehensive evaluation index system and quantitative scoring table for blood lipid-regulating drugs around the two main lines of technical evaluation and policy evaluation. Then 13 blood lipid-regulating drugs with different mechanisms in 21 third-grade class-A medical institutions from five provinces and regions of Northwest China were scored from both technical and policy dimensions to form a comprehensive evaluation result. RESULTS The clinical comprehensive evaluation index system and corresponding rapid evaluation quantitative scoring table were constructed for blood lipid-regulating drugs in the five northwest provinces and regions. The technicalevaluation section included 6 primary indicators， 13 secondary indicators， and 34 tertiary indicators， totaling 110 points. The policy evaluation section included 4 primary indicators and 6 secondary indicators， with a total score of 40 points （30 points for some drugs） and a total score of 150 points （or 140 points）. The scoring results showed that the highest score was atorvastatin， followed by rosuvastatin and simvastatin. CONCLUSIONS Statins are still the cornerstone of drug therapy for patients with dyslipidemia； the rapid evaluation quantitative scoring table constructed in this study is comprehensive， systematic and operable. The evaluation process in this study can provide empirical references for other groups to exploring the standardized path and quality control mechanism of clinical comprehensive evaluation of drugs.

Objective: To explore the prevalence and relevant factors of physical and emotional abuse by parents among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), so as to provide basis for intervention program of children abuse. Methods: A total of 221 ASD children from 3 special education institutions in Tangshan were investigated from March to October in 2021, 395 non ASD children from two kindergartens in urban and rural areas were selected by convenient sampling. Parents of these children were invited for online and on site questionnaire survey. The self designed violence questionnaire, Childhood Autism Rating Scale and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 were used to assess violence, severity of autism, depression of parents. Chi square test, Fisher s exact probability method and Logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of violence. Results: About 81.9% of children with ASD and 72.9% of non ASD children experienced violence( P <0.05). The reported rates of physical and emotional violence in ASD children were 74.2% and 73.8% respectively, which in non ASD children were 58.7% and 65.8% respectively. There were significant differences in the 3 types of violence rate between the two groups ( P <0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that boys ( OR =1.70, 95% CI =1.12-2.60), annual per capita income <10 000 yuan( OR =2.43, 95% CI =1.45- 4.08 ), and parental depression ( OR mild =11.01, 95% CI =5.38-22.49; OR moderate =69.97，95% CI =24.25-201.93) were the risk factors for child violence exposure; ASD disease ( OR=1.96，95%CI =1.32-2.92), older age ( OR=1.19, 95%CI =1.01-1.41) and parental depression( OR mild =7.83, 95% CI =3.67-16.74; OR moderate =14.37，95% CI =6.17-33.46) were risk factors for physical violence; boys ( OR =1.62, 95% CI =1.11-2.36), mothers who work in manual labor ( OR=1.68, 95%CI =1.09-2.59) and parental depression ( OR mild =7.69, 95% CI =3.74-15.81; OR moderate =25.37, 95% CI =10.80-59.63) were risk factors for emotional violence( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion The reported rate of parental violence against children with ASD is high. Mental health promotion and social support for families with ASD should be strengthened.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine on the quality of recovery from anesthesia in elderly patients undergoing electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) with propofol anesthesia.Methods:Sixty patients of both sexes, aged>65 yr, weighing 45-80 kg, of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰor Ⅱ, scheduled for elective ECT with propofol anesthesia, were assigned into 2 groups ( n=30 each) using a random number table method: control group (group C) and dexmedetomidine group (group D). Dexmedetomidine was intravenously infused in a dose of 0.2 μg/kg (in normal saline 10 ml) over 10 min starting from onset of anesthesia induction in group D, while normal saline 10 ml was given instead in group C. Propofol 1.0-1.5 mg/kg was intravenously injected slowly.Succinylcholine 0.7 mg/kg was intravenously injected after the eyelash reflex disappeared, and oxygen was delivered via a mask to assist artificial ventilation.The mask was removed when the muscle twitching disappeared during depolarization, treatment was performed with an ETC apparatus, and electroencephalogram was monitored.The electrical stimulus intensity was set according to the age of the patient during ECT treatment, and the initial intensity was set at 0.5 times the age of the patient. When the postictal suppression index was less than 80%, a higher level of stimulus intensity was used in the next ECT treatment (the difference between adjacent intensity levels was 25.2 mc, which was 5% of the total stimulus intensity). After the end of ECT procedure, participants were manually ventilated with a mask, and the patients were transferred to postanesthesia care unit when the spontaneous breathing was completely restored.The time to recovery of spontaneous breathing and emergence time were recorded.The development of adverse cardiovascular events, nausea and vomiting, respiratory depression, headache, drowsiness, agitation and delirium during recovery from anesthesia was also recorded. Results:Compared with group C, the incidence of agitation, delirium, hypertension and tachycardia during recovery from anesthesia was significantly decreased, and no significant change was found in the other variables in group D ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Dexmedetomidine can improve the quality of recovery from anesthesia in elderly patients undergoing ECT under propofol anesthesia.