Anxiety and fear,as common symptoms of psychiatric disorders,remain inadequately understood in terms of their pathogenesis.Changes in immune inflammation are considered to play a significant role in both the pathological and physiological processes associated with these mental illnesses.In recent years,it has been demonstrated that stress can regulate immune inflammation through multiple pathways,including the regulation of the autonomic nervous system,the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis,indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and its metabolite kynurenine,and the gut-brain axis.These pathways are implicated in the onset and treatment of anxiety and fear-related mental illnesses.This article focuses on the relationships between anxiety and fear-related mental illnesses and immune inflammatory responses.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and influencing factors of mortality in patients with intra-abdominal candidiasis (IAC).Methods:The retrospective case-control study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 203 IAC patients who were admitted to 7 medical centers from June 2018 to June 2020 were collected, including 54 cases in Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 31 cases in Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 25 cases in Beijing Hospital, 25 cases in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 24 cases in China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 22 cases in General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command of Chinese PLA and 22 cases in Chongqing University Cancer Hospital. There were 130 males and 73 females, aged (64±15)years. Observation indicators: (1) candida infection and treatment of IAC patients; (2) analysis of influencing factors for mortality of IAC patients. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and comparison between groups was analyzed using the t test. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M(range), and comparison between groups was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Count data were expressed as absolute numbers or percentages, and comparison between groups was analyzed using the chi-square test. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed by Logistic regression model. Results:(1) Candida infection and treatment of IAC patients: 134 cases of candida albicans were cultured in the initial abdominal drainage fluid or intraoperative abdominal specimens of 203 patients, and 49 cases were treated with fluconazole. Of 69 cases infected with non candida albicans, 13 cases were treated with fluconazole. The resistance rate of candida albicans to fluconazole was 5.91%(12/203). Of 203 patients, there were 68 cases with infections shock, 53 cases with renal failure, 84 cases with respiratory failure and 63 cases with multiple organ failure, respectively. There were 148 of 203 patients admitted to intensive care unit for 9 days(range, 3-20 days), and the total hospital stay was 28 days(range, 17-50 days). Of 203 patients, 86 cases were cured and discharged, 50 cases were improved and transferred to local hospitals, 32 cases gave up treatment and discharged automatically, 19 cases died, 16 cases had no follow-up data. The mortality was 25.12%(51/203). (2) Analysis of influencing factors for mortality of IAC patients. Results of univariate analysis showed that acute physiology and chronic health evaluation score, sequential organ failure assessment score, the Cr, bilirubin, albumin, procalcitonin, and PLT on the first day of candida positive culture, of the lowest value in a week and the highest in a week, heart disease, diabetes, infections shock, renal failure, respiratory failure, multiple organ failure, anti-fungal therapy were the related factors for mortality of IAC patients ( t=-2.322, Z=-2.550, -2.262, -4.361, t=2.085, Z=-3.734, -5.226, -2.394, -5.542, t=3.462, Z=-4.957, -5.632, 3.670, -5.805, t=3.966, Z=-3.734, -5.727, χ2=4.071, 4.638, 27.353, 18.818, 13.199, 26.251, 13.388, P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the bilirubin, procalcitonin on the first day of candida positive culture and infections shock were independent risk factors for mortality of IAC patients ( odds ratio=1.021, 1.022, 6.864, 95% confidence interval as 1.010-1.033, 1.001-1.044, 1.858-25.353, P<0.05). Conclusions:The common fungus of IAC was candida albicans, and fluconazole can be used as the initial empirical treatment. The prognosis of patients with abdominal candidiasis is poor. Bilirubin, procalcitonin on the first day of candida positive culture and infections shock are indepen-dent risk factors for mortality of IAC patients.

On January 22, 2020, China National Center for Bioinformation (CNCB) released the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Resource (2019nCoVR), an open-access information resource for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). 2019nCoVR features a comprehensive integra-tion of sequence and clinical information for all publicly available SARS-CoV-2 isolates, which are manually curated with value-added annotations and quality evaluated by an automated in-house pipeline. Of particular note, 2019nCoVR offers systematic analyses to generate a dynamic landscape of SARS-CoV-2 genomic variations at a global scale. It provides all identified variants and their detailed statistics for each virus isolate, and congregates the quality score, functional annotation,and population frequency for each variant. Spatiotemporal change for each variant can be visualized and historical viral haplotype network maps for the course of the outbreak are also generated based on all complete and high-quality genomes available. Moreover, 2019nCoVR provides a full collection of SARS-CoV-2 relevant literature on the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), including published papers from PubMed as well as preprints from services such as bioRxiv and medRxiv through Europe PMC. Furthermore, by linking with relevant databases in CNCB, 2019nCoVR offers data submission services for raw sequence reads and assembled genomes, and data sharing with NCBI. Collectively, SARS-CoV-2 is updated daily to collect the latest information on genome sequences, variants, hap-lotypes, and literature for a timely reflection, making 2019nCoVR a valuable resource for the global research community. 2019nCoVR is accessible at https://bigd.big.ac.cn/ncov/.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of ⁹⁹Technetium-methylenediphosphonate injection (⁹⁹Tc-MDP) in the treatment of thyroid associated ophthalmopathy (TAO). Methods: The trail was conducted in Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University. Patients were recruited from October 2016 to October 2018. Fifty patients with active moderate to severe TAO were randomly assigned to receive ⁹⁹Tc-MDP (n = 25) or methylprednisolone administered intravenously (n = 25), the final completion of treatment and follow-up were 21 and 20 cases, respectively. In ⁹⁹Tc-MDP group, 30 sets of ⁹⁹Tc-MDP were applied to each course of treatment for 10 d, with a course interval of 20 d, a total of 3 courses of treatment. Patients in methylprednisolone group were given a pulse regimen, once every week for a total of 12 infusions, altogether 4.5 g in 12 weeks. The clinical activity score (CAS) and exophthalmos were assessed in a patient at weeks 12 and 24, respectively. A response was defined as a reduction of 2 points or more in CAS and reduction of 2 mm or more in exophthalmos. Safety was assessed according to the incidence of adverse events at week 12. Results: At week 12 treatment, no significant difference was observed in CAS and exophthalmos between the two groups [CAS: (2.48 ± 0.60) , (2.20 ± 0.62) points, exophthalmos: (2.57 ± 1.02), (2.20 ± 1.09) mm, P > 0.05]. Adverse events in ⁹⁹Tc-MDP group was significantly lower than that in methylprednisolone group [4.8%(1/21) vs 40.0%(8/20), P < 0.05]. At week 24, the reduction in the CAS in ⁹⁹Tc-MDP group was significantly greater than that in methylprednisolone group [CAS: (3.86 ± 0.67), (3.05 ± 0.59) points, P < 0.05]. The difference in exophthalmos of patients between the two groups was not statistically significant [(3.17 ± 0.60), (2.88 ± 0.57) mm, P > 0.05]. The difference in total effective rate of patients between the two groups was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Conclusion ⁹⁹Tc-MDP regimen could provide similar benefit to methylprednisolone pulse therapy for those patients with TAO, but with longer reduction in CAS and less adverse events.

We studied the epidemiological characteristics of human bocavirus 4 (HBoV4) in children with a- cute gastroenteritis in Lanzhou (China). A total of 331 stool specimens were collected from children aged < 5 years with acute diarrhea at the First Hospital of Lanzhou University between July 2012 and June 2013. Specimens of HBoV were identified by nested polymerase chain reaction assays. Compared with related sequences in GenBank, the HBoV-positive strain isolated in the present study was,quite surprisingly, a rare genotype named HBoV4. This strain was a typical HBoV4,with high levels of nucleotide and amino acid homology to the Thailand strain, JQ267789 (98.9% and 98.7%, respectively), and the USA strain, GQ506568 (97.6% and 97.4%, respectively). This is the first report of HBoV4 as the causative agent for acute gastroenteritis in pediatric patients in China. This strain is one of two genotypes of HBoV that are currently circulating.
Child, Preschool ; China ; Feces ; virology ; Female ; Gastroenteritis ; virology ; Human bocavirus ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Parvoviridae Infections ; virology ; Phylogeny

Objective To study the main genes molecular characteristics and evolutionary relationship of porcine and human group A rotavirus (GARV) type G9 in Hebei Lulong region.Methods A stool specimen from diarrhea piglet marked as LLP48 in 2008 in Hebei Lulong region,which was G9 GARV positive and 4 stool specimens collected from hospitalized children with diarrhea under the age of five from 2009 to 2011 in Lulong region which were type G9 GARV positive were selected and the main genes were amplified by RT-PCR.After sequencing,the obtained genes were analyzed through MEGA,DNAStar software and other biological sequence alignment,homology and phylogenetic analyses were performed.Results Porcine GARV LLP48 in Lulong region and four strains of Lulong human GARV were highly homologous in VP7,VP6,NSP4 and NSP2 gene fragments,and nucleotide and amino acid homology respectively was 89.4％-94％ and 94.8％-98.2％ ; VP4 fragment of the nucleotide homology (amino acid) is low,71.4％-71.6％ (68.2％-69.0％).Phylogenetic analysis showed that LLP48 genes encoding VP7,VP6,NSP4 and NSP2 were closely related to the strain derived from human source,and VP4 gene closely related to the strains derived from porcine source.Conclusion Lulong porcine GARV LLP48 strain may be a natural reassorted product of porcine VP4 and human VP7,VP6,NSP4 and NSP2.

Objective To investigate the effect of growth inhibition and apoptosis induction of sunitinib-liposome-loaded microbubbles on renal carcinoma cell strain.Methods GRC-1 cell strain was cultured in vitro,and was divided into 6 groups:blank control group,pure microbubbles group,pure lipsomes group,sunitinib group,sunitinib-liposome-loaded microbubbles without ultrasound treat group,sunitinib liposome-loaded microbubbles with ultrasound treat group.Growth inhibition in different groups was observed at different time with MTT assay,apoptosis induction with Sigma-FlTC technology and transmission electron microscope.Results The growth inhibition and apoptosis promotion of GRC-1 cell were significantly increased in sunitinib-liposome-loaded microbubbles with ultrasound treat group compared to the other groups.Conclusions Microbubble guided sunitinih delivery can increase the effect of the growth inhibition and apoptosis induction of GRC-1 cells,which may provide an more effective approach for cancer treatment.