Objective To analyze the distribution of platelet antibodies in hospitalized patients and explore the clinical significance of platelet antibody detection. Methods A total of 95 987 hospitalized patient cases from a tertiary hospital in Xi'an from April 1, 2021 to December 31, 2023 were collected. Platelet antibodies were detected by solid-phase agglutination method. Statistical analysis was performed on variables including gender, age, blood type, department, history of blood transfusion, pregnancy history, and disease type. Results Among 95 987 hospitalized patients, the positive rate of platelet antibody detection reached 4.35%. The positive rate of platelet antibodies in female hospitalized patients (5.29%) was higher than that in male patients (3.31%), and the difference was statistically significant (x²=224.124). The positive rate of platelet antibodies in those with pregnancy history (7.92%) was higher than that in those without pregnancy history (4.19%), and the difference was significant (x²=292.773). Similarly, the positive rate of platelet antibodies in those with transfusion history (7.79%) was higher than that in those without transfusion history (3.97%), and the difference was significant (x²=300.209). There was a significant correlation between the positive rate of platelet antibodies and the number of pregnancies (x²=91.061). Conclusion The positive rate of platelet antibodies in 95 987 inpatient cases was 4.35%. The positive rate of platelet antibodies had a close relationship with a history of blood transfusions and pregnancies, and it increased with the number of pregnancies. For patients with multiple transfusion histories and pregnancy histories, screening for platelet antibodies holds significant diagnostic value.
Humans ; Female ; Male ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Blood Platelets/immunology* ; Inpatients ; Aged ; Pregnancy ; Young Adult ; Adolescent ; Aged, 80 and over ; Autoantibodies/blood*

Objective To evaluate the regulatory effects of Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) on macrophage polarization and NK cell-mediated anti-tumor responses in mice. Methods C57BL/ 6 mice were injected intraperitoneally with APS once a day for seven consecutive days. Activation of immune cells was then induced by intraperitoneal injection of polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (Poly I : C) 24 h after the APS intervention. Peritoneal macrophages were collected 24 h after induction to analyze the status of polari-zation and the production of nitric oxide (NO). Cytotoxicity and exocytosis of activated NK cells were meas-ured to assess the effector functions of these cells. NK cell activities induced by NKG2D were studied in the absence of the whole JNK or JNK2 signaling pathway. Results Intraperitoneal injection of APS promoted the polarization of macrophages induced by tumor cells in mice, and enhanced the cytotoxicity of NK cells to tumor cells. However, APS was in need of the involvement of appropriate stimulatory factors to have regula-tory effects. Complete inhibition of JNK signaling pathway dramatically reduced the effector functions of NK cells, which could not be recovered by APS administration. Conclusions APS was involved in the regula-tion of anti-tumor innate immunity through enhancing the M1-polarization of macrophages and improving the effector functions of NK cells. This study might to some extent elucidate the mechanism of APS in immune regulation and anti-tumor immunity.