With the deepening of the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),the analysis of mineralogical features of mineralogical TCM,as an important part of TCM,has received more and more attention.At present,the research of mineral-based traditional Chinese medicine is faced with problems such as confusion of medicinal resources,unclear material basis,and low exclusivity of quality standards,while common analytical techniques have certain limitations in quantitative analysis,sensitivity and comprehensive characterization,which restrict the modernization research of mineral-based medicines and its clinical applications.The advanced mineral identification and characterization system integrates energy spectrum and spectral analysis techniques,combined with efficient data processing algorithms,which can rapidly and accurately analyze mineral components qualitatively and quantitatively,but its application in mineral medicine research is still in its infancy.This article reviews the common analytical techniques for mineral medicine and the potential application of advanced mineral identification and characterization system in the identification of mineral Chinese medicine matrix and quality control.The advanced mineral identification and characterization system can not only accurately distinguish the mineralogical characteristics of mineral medicines,such as the mineral composition,elemental state and embedded characteristics,and provide data support for the research of mineral medicine resources,but also provide scientific basis for the establishment of systematic quality standards,the analysis of the preparation mechanism,the revelation of its potential medicinal effect of the material basis and the control of the risk of heavy metals.

Objective:To explore effects of tofacitinib combined with traditional disease modifying antirheumatic drugs(DMARDs)on peripheral blood IL-22,IL-23 and Th22 cell subsets in patients with rheumatoid arthritis(RA).Methods:Retrospec-tive analysis of clinical data of 100 RA patients admitted to Xingtai People's Hospital from December 2022 to December 2024.Patients were divided into conventional group(n=33,treated with traditional DMARDs),single group(n=34,treated with tofacitinib)and combination group(n=33,treated with tofacitinib combined with traditional DMARDs)by random number table method.Serum IL-22 and IL-23 levels,Th22 cell subsets proportion,recovery of joint function,disease improvement and adverse reactions were compared in three group.Results:After 3 months of treatment,IL-22,IL-23 and Th22 cell subsets proportion in three groups were decreased compared to before treatment,and combination group was significantly lower than conventional group and single group(P<0.05);levels of anti-CCP and RF in three groups were decreased compared to before treatment,and combined group was significantly lower than conventional group and single group(P<0.05);joint swelling frequency,number of tender joints,morning stiffness time and VAS scores in three groups were decreased compared to before treatment,and combination group was significantly lower than conven-tional group and single group(P<0.05);DAS28 scores and HAQ scores of three groups were decreased compared to before treatment,and combined group was significantly lower than conventional group and single group(P<0.05);there was no statistically significant difference in incidence of adverse reactions among three groups during treatment period(Z=0.290,P=0.865).Conclusion:Clinical effect of tofacitinib combined with traditional DMARDs in treatment of RA is significant,which can effectively reduce serum IL-22,IL-23 and autoantibodies levels,regulate Th22 cell subsets proportion,alleviate inflammatory reactions,and improve joint function.

The incidence of adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction (AEG) has been increasing annually. Due to its unique anatomical location and functional characteristics, the surgical operating space is limited, and the procedure is technically challenging, leading to a relatively high rate of intraoperative and postoperative complications. These issues are particularly pronounced in cases involving higher esophageal invasion. In recent years, with the advancement and maturation of laparoscopic techniques, the procedure of transabdominal hiatal high esophageal transection and anastomosis has been further refined and optimized. This has enabled gastrointestinal surgeons to perform the operation more smoothly, reduce operative time, and decrease the incidence of related complications. By reviewing relevant literatures and summarizing the operational experience of our team, the authors discuss the application value of transabdominal hiatal high esophageal transection and anastomosis in the radical resection of AEG, aiming to improve the success rate of surgery and reduce the incidence of complications.

With the deepening of the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),the analysis of mineralogical features of mineralogical TCM,as an important part of TCM,has received more and more attention.At present,the research of mineral-based traditional Chinese medicine is faced with problems such as confusion of medicinal resources,unclear material basis,and low exclusivity of quality standards,while common analytical techniques have certain limitations in quantitative analysis,sensitivity and comprehensive characterization,which restrict the modernization research of mineral-based medicines and its clinical applications.The advanced mineral identification and characterization system integrates energy spectrum and spectral analysis techniques,combined with efficient data processing algorithms,which can rapidly and accurately analyze mineral components qualitatively and quantitatively,but its application in mineral medicine research is still in its infancy.This article reviews the common analytical techniques for mineral medicine and the potential application of advanced mineral identification and characterization system in the identification of mineral Chinese medicine matrix and quality control.The advanced mineral identification and characterization system can not only accurately distinguish the mineralogical characteristics of mineral medicines,such as the mineral composition,elemental state and embedded characteristics,and provide data support for the research of mineral medicine resources,but also provide scientific basis for the establishment of systematic quality standards,the analysis of the preparation mechanism,the revelation of its potential medicinal effect of the material basis and the control of the risk of heavy metals.

Objective:To explore effects of tofacitinib combined with traditional disease modifying antirheumatic drugs(DMARDs)on peripheral blood IL-22,IL-23 and Th22 cell subsets in patients with rheumatoid arthritis(RA).Methods:Retrospec-tive analysis of clinical data of 100 RA patients admitted to Xingtai People's Hospital from December 2022 to December 2024.Patients were divided into conventional group(n=33,treated with traditional DMARDs),single group(n=34,treated with tofacitinib)and combination group(n=33,treated with tofacitinib combined with traditional DMARDs)by random number table method.Serum IL-22 and IL-23 levels,Th22 cell subsets proportion,recovery of joint function,disease improvement and adverse reactions were compared in three group.Results:After 3 months of treatment,IL-22,IL-23 and Th22 cell subsets proportion in three groups were decreased compared to before treatment,and combination group was significantly lower than conventional group and single group(P<0.05);levels of anti-CCP and RF in three groups were decreased compared to before treatment,and combined group was significantly lower than conventional group and single group(P<0.05);joint swelling frequency,number of tender joints,morning stiffness time and VAS scores in three groups were decreased compared to before treatment,and combination group was significantly lower than conven-tional group and single group(P<0.05);DAS28 scores and HAQ scores of three groups were decreased compared to before treatment,and combined group was significantly lower than conventional group and single group(P<0.05);there was no statistically significant difference in incidence of adverse reactions among three groups during treatment period(Z=0.290,P=0.865).Conclusion:Clinical effect of tofacitinib combined with traditional DMARDs in treatment of RA is significant,which can effectively reduce serum IL-22,IL-23 and autoantibodies levels,regulate Th22 cell subsets proportion,alleviate inflammatory reactions,and improve joint function.

The incidence of adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction (AEG) has been increasing annually. Due to its unique anatomical location and functional characteristics, the surgical operating space is limited, and the procedure is technically challenging, leading to a relatively high rate of intraoperative and postoperative complications. These issues are particularly pronounced in cases involving higher esophageal invasion. In recent years, with the advancement and maturation of laparoscopic techniques, the procedure of transabdominal hiatal high esophageal transection and anastomosis has been further refined and optimized. This has enabled gastrointestinal surgeons to perform the operation more smoothly, reduce operative time, and decrease the incidence of related complications. By reviewing relevant literatures and summarizing the operational experience of our team, the authors discuss the application value of transabdominal hiatal high esophageal transection and anastomosis in the radical resection of AEG, aiming to improve the success rate of surgery and reduce the incidence of complications.

Objective:A nationwide multi-center and large sample survey was conducted to compare the validity of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (Hypo-) Manic Episode with Mixed Features-DSM-5 Module (MINI-M) questionnaire and the Clinically Useful Depression Outcome Scale Supplemented with Questions for the DSM-5 Mixed Features Specifier (CUDOS-M) depression subscale in identifying mixed features in patients experiencing (hypo-) manic episodes.Methods:Using a convenience sampling method, 366 patients with bipolar disorder experiencing acute (hypo-) manic episodes who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited. The diagnosis of "with mixed features" was based on the DSM-5 criteria for mixed features. The predictive validity of the MINI-M questionnaire and the CUDOS-M depression subscale to screen mixed features was analyzed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Additionally, the difference in area under the ROC curve (AUC) between the two instruments was compared.Results:The AUC for the MINI-M questionnaire and the CUDOS-M depression subscale in screening mixed features were 0.79 (95 %CI=0.75-0.84) and 0.81 (95 %CI=0.77-0.86), respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in AUC between the two measurements ( Z=-1.19, P>0.05). Among patients with acute (hypo-) manic episodes, 45.9% (168/366) presented with mixed features according to the DSM-5 criteria, while the corresponding figures were 43.7% (160/366) using the MINI-M questionnaire (total score≥3) and 42.1% (154/366) using the CUDOS-M depression subscale (total score≥20). Screening results were comparable among the three measures. Conclusion:Mixed features are common among patients experiencing acute (hypo-) manic episodes. The MINI-M questionnaire and the CUDOS-M depression subscale demonstrate equivalent validity in identifying mixed features.

Objective To explore the mediating effect of self-hate between adverse childhood experiences and depression,anxiety,and suicide risk in adolescents.Methods In Juxian county,Rizhao,Shangdong Province,a cross-sectional survey was conducted in 5 junior high schools and high schools using questionnaires.A total of 6838 valid questionnaires were collected.The assessment included a self-designed general information questionnaire,patient health questionnaire-9(PHQ-9),generalized anxiety disorder-7(GAD-7),the mini-international neuropsychiatric interview 5.0 suicide module,revised adverse childhood experience questionnaire(ACEQ-R),and self-hate scale(SHS)to evaluate relevant content.Results The detection rates of depression,anxiety,and suicide risk were significantly higher in girls(P<0.001)and in senior high school students(P<0.001).Adolescents with depression,anxiety,and suicide risk exhibited higher scores for adverse childhood experiences and self-hate compared to those without these conditions(P<0.001).Adverse childhood experiences indirectly predicted depression through self-hate with an indirect effect size of 0.1488,accounting for 60.86% of the total effect(P<0.001).Similarly,adverse childhood experiences indirectly predicted anxiety through self-hate with an indirect effect size of 0.1524,accounting for 62.87% of the total effect(P<0.001).Furthermore,adverse childhood experiences indirectly predicted the risk of suicide through self-hate with an indirect effect size of 0.0485,accounting for 49.44% of the total effect(P<0.001).Conclusions Adverse childhood experiences have predictive effects on depression,anxiety and suicide risk in adolescents,and self-hate plays a mediating role on depression,anxiety and suicide risk in adolescents.

BackgroundPatients with schizophrenia and depressive disorders exhibit abnormalities in perceptual processing. Previous perceptual studies are mainly based on asking participants to fill in a questionnaire， and little research has been undertaken on objective behavior in patients with schizophrenia and depressive disorders. ObjectiveTo explore the behavioral changes in vibrotactile sense among patients with schizophrenia and depressive disorders， so as to enrich relevant findings in objective behavioral research. MethodsFrom March 2021 to September 2023， 33 patients with schizophrenia and 31 patients with depressive disorders in the outpatient and inpatient departments of Beijing Huilongguan Hospital and met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fifth edition （DSM-5） diagnostic criteria were enrolled. And another 34 healthy controls were concurrently recruited at Beihang University and Beijing Huilongguan Hospital. Patients with schizophrenia were assessed using Positive and Negative Symptom Scale （PANSS）， and patients with depressive disorders were assessed using Hamilton Depression Scale-17 item （HAMD-17）. The vibrotactile sensitivity of the left hand in all participants was tested in a delay match-to-sample procedure， and the correct rate of vibrotactile delayed discrimination task was compared among the three groups. ResultsCompared with healthy controls， a reduction was found in the correct rates at index finger， middle finger and ring finger in patients with schizophrenia （P<0.01）， the average correct rate at five fingers in patients with schizophrenia （P=0.001）， and the correct rate at thumb in patients with depressive disorders （P=0.026）. No statistical difference was reported in correct rate of vibrotactile delayed discrimination task between patients with depression disorders and schizophrenia （P>0.05）. The average correct rate of vibrotactile sense in schizophrenia group was not significantly correlated with the duration of disease， age of onset， chlorpromazine equivalent doses and PANSS score （r=0.058、0.045、0.114、-0.194， P>0.05）. The average correct rate in depressive group was negatively correlated with age of onset （r=-0.415， P=0.020）， but not significantly correlated with the duration of disease and HAMD-17 score （r=-0.044， 0.142， P>0.05）. ConclusionPatients with schizophrenia and depressive disorders have impaired vibrotactile sense. The vibrotactile sense is impaired in index， middle and ring fingers among patients with schizophrenia， and in thumbs of patients with depressive disorders. Moreover， the impairment in patients with depressive disorders may be related to the age of onset. ［Funded by 2023 Hebei Provincial Graduate Innovation Funding Project （number， CXZZSS2023140）］

Objective:To construct an evaluation the index system of entrustable professional activities for resident training doctors in psychiatric department,and to provide reference for formulating training strategies and assessment standards.Entrustable professional activities refers to the ability of trainees to perform and complete spe-cific clinical tasks independently after they have been trusted.Methods:Through documental analysis and semi-structured interviews,the item database of entrustable professional activities for psychiatric resident training physi-cians was established.Delphi consultation was conducted among 63 experts in the field of psychiatry from 7 national resident training bases and 3 medical colleges in China.Indicators were comprehensively screened and sorted out,and indicators at all levels and their weights were determined by the analytic hierarchy process.Results:A hierarchi-cal evaluation index system of entrustable professional activities for psychiatric resident training doctors was con-structed,including 4 first-level indicators,17 second-level indicators and 68 third-level indicators.The weights of the first-level,second-level and third-level indicators were determined.Conclusion:The evaluation index system of en-trustable professional activities is comprehensive and systematic,which is suitable for clinical work and convenient for practical application.It could provide quantitative standards for the assessment of psychiatric residents and pro-mote the improvement of training quality.