Objective:Exploring the role and clinical value of tRNA methyltransferase 61A(TRMT61A)expression in head and neck squam-ous cell carcinoma(HNSCC).Methods:This study analyzed the expression levels of TRMT61A across various cancer tissues and specifically in HNSCC tissues compared to normal head and neck tissues using the Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)database.The expression level and pro-gnostic characteristics of TRMT61A in patients with HNSCC were investigated.Furthermore,the proliferation and colony-formation ability of an HNSCC cell line following TRMT61A knockdown was assessed using Western blot,cell counting kit-8(CCK-8),and colony-formation assays.Results:TRMT61A was highly expressed in HNSCC tissues,and its elevated expression significantly correlated with reduced overall survival(OS),progression-free survival(PFS),and disease-specific survival(DSS)in patients.In vitro experiments demonstrated that knocking down TRMT61A suppressed proliferation and the colony-forming ability of HNSCC cells.Conclusions:TRMT61A plays an important role in tumor progression in HNSCC.Targeting TRMT61A expression is a promising approach to affect tumor cell proliferation in HNSCC and is expected to become an effective prognostic indicator for patients with HNSCC.Thus,TRMT61A is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of HNSCC.

BACKGROUND:Traditional Chinese medicine compound prescription has a long history in the treatment of primary osteoporosis,and the curative effect is definite,but the medication rule and mechanism are not clear. OBJECTIVE:Using the methodology of data mining and network pharmacology,to explore and verify the law of drug use and molecular mechanism of modern traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of primary osteoporosis. METHODS:The relevant documents included in CNKI,WanFang,VIP and PubMed were used as data sources,and the relevant data were statistically counted and extracted by Microsoft EXCEL2019,IBMSPSS25.0 and other software.The high-frequency drugs obtained from the data statistics were analyzed by association rules analysis and cluster analysis,and the core drug combination of traditional Chinese medicine compound prescription in the treatment of primary osteoporosis was obtained by combining the two results.The therapeutic mechanism of this combination was explained by network pharmacology and verified by molecular docking. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Finally,151 articles were included and 207 prescriptions were selected,involving 285 flavors of Chinese herbs.(1)Ten groups of important drug combinations were obtained through the above two analyses,among which the core drug combination with the highest confidence and improvement was"Drynaria-Eucommia-Angelica."The key components of the combination in the treatment of primary osteoporosis were quercetin,kaempferol,naringenin and so on.The core targets were SRC proto-oncogene,phosphoinositide-3-Kinase regulatory subunit 1 and RELA proto-oncogene.The main pathways were cancer signaling pathway,JAK-STAT signaling pathway,VEGF signaling pathway,and NF-κB signaling pathway.(2)The key active components were docked with the core targets,and the two showed a good combination.To conclude,Chinese herbal compound therapy in the treatment of primary osteoporosis can use a variety of active components to exert its efficacy through multiple signal pathways and acting on multiple targets,which can provide a theoretical basis for the research and development of new drugs for the follow-up treatment of primary osteoporosis.

The universal health coverage agenda promotes population health and social equity and is a priority for the WHO and governments worldwide. This article outlines the basic concept, development, content, monitoring indicators, global progress, and challenges of the universal health coverage agenda. After over half a century of development, a global consensus has been reached on the definition and content of the universal health coverage agenda which emphasizes coverage proportion of the population, content of healthcare services, and economic protection measures. The implementation principle of the agenda for universal health coverage is to prioritize providing healthcare services of high health benefits and social value to the entire population under resource constraints. However, the healthcare service recommendations and evaluation frameworks proposed by the WHO and other international organizations tend to favor low-income countries, neglecting services related to injury prevention and mental health, and therefore may not be suitable for all countries. The development across various dimensions of the agenda for universal health coverage is uneven, with low-income countries lagging. Progress in the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases and injuries is delayed. Low-income groups and vulnerable populations are at a disadvantage in accessing services and economic protection. It is suggested that a globally applicable set of standards, methods, and processes be used to identify high-priority healthcare services. Countries should gradually expand the scope of healthcare services and population coverage based on their needs and capabilities. Additionally, efforts should be made to increase investment in healthcare system resources and international collaboration to promote the development and technological advancement of healthcare systems in low-income countries. Furthermore, it is also necessary to build a high-quality primary healthcare service system and strengthen protection for vulnerable groups.

Macropinocytosis, an evolutionarily conserved, actin-dependent form of endocytosis, is involved in various physiological processes, including nutrient absorption, antigen presentation, and cell signaling transduction and migration. Oncogene activation and tumor suppressor inactivation induce macropinocytosis in tumors in the digestive system, involved in tumorigenesis and progression, whereas the inhibition of macropinocytosis slows the aggressive phenotype of digestive system tumors and improves the efficacy of anti-tumor drugs. Macropinocytosis can also be used as a delivery route for anti-tumor drugs. Therefore, macropinocytosis has been widely studied to develop new methods for the treatment of digestive system tumors.This paper reviews the role of macropinocytosis in the body, the regulation of macropinocytosis-related signaling pathway, as well as the mechanism of macropinocytosis in colorectal cancer, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, liver cancer and other digestive system tumors, to provide reference for related researches.

Humans ; Cytomegalovirus ; Cytomegalovirus Infections ; Antigens, Viral ; Immunity ; Autoimmune Diseases ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes

ObjectiveLipopolysaccharide （LPS）-induced zebrafish inflammation model was used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of different extracts from Lianggesan （LGS） and its component Glycyrrhiza Radix et Rhizoma. MethodDifferent polar fractions of LGS and Glycyrrhiza Radix et Rhizoma were obtained by the principle of similar miscibility. For toxicity observation， the zebrafish （3 day-post-fertilization） was exposed to different concentrations of extracts for 24， 48 and 72 h. The yolk sac of the zebrafish was microinjected with 0.5 g·L^-1 LPS to establish the inflammation model， and then the embryos were soaked with different concentrations of extracts to observe their survival status at 72 h and the aggregation of neutrophils in yolk sac at 12 h after treatment. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to analyze the yolk sac of the zebrafish microinjected with LPS. Quantitative Real-time polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was performed to further investigate the anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms of LGS and Glycyrrhiza Radix et Rhizoma. ResultThe toxicity of LGS and Glycyrrhiza Radix et Rhizoma was decreased with the increase of polarity， and the descending order was petroleum ether>ethyl acetate>n-butanol>water. Compared with model group， the extracts from different fractions of LGS and Glycyrrhiza Radix et Rhizoma prolonged the survival time of the zebrafish， and inhibited the recruitment and aggregation of neutrophils and decreased the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the yolk sac， among which the water fraction of LGS and the ethyl acetate fraction of Glycyrrhiza Radix et Rhizoma had the most significant effect （P<0.01）. In addition， compared with model group， the water fraction of LGS and the ethyl acetate fraction of Glycyrrhiza Radix et Rhizoma down-regulated the mRNA expression of interleukin-6 （IL-6） and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， and suppressed the expression of toll like receptor 4 （TLR4） and nuclear factor kappa-B （NF-κB） in LPS-stimulated zebrafish （P<0.01）. ConclusionThe extracts from different fractions of LGS and Glycyrrhiza Radix et Rhizoma exerted protective effects in LPS-induced zebrafish by inhibiting the TLR4 and NF-κB signaling pathways. Moreover， in zebrafish model， the method of administration by soaking was applicable to the high-throughput screening of anti-inflammatory Chinese medicine， which was suitable for the evaluation of anti-LPS activity of Chinese medicine and the different extracts.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common pathological type of primary liver cancer, with high fatality rate. The pathogenesis of HCC is complex, and the specific occurrence and development mechanism is still in the exploratory stage. CircRNA is a special endogenous noncoding RNA and mainly participates in the regulation of gene expression at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. By regulating gene transcription, it acts as a molecular sponge of miRNA, participates in protein translation, and interacts with RNA binding protein (RBP). CircRNA is involved in the occurrence and development of HCC. Its abnormal expression in HCC cells is related to the pathological characteristics of HCC tissue, regulates the expression of downstream target genes, miRNA and proteins, participates in the proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis of HCC cells, and regulates tumor microenvironment and signal pathways, suggesting that circRNA may be a potential novel biomarker and therapeutic target for the diagnosis and prognosis of HCC. This paper reviews the biological mechanism of circRNA, its role in HCC, and research progress in diagnosis and treatment.

Objective:To explore the clinical efficacy of microsurgical technique combined with cosmetic suture technique in situ replantation of total scalp avulsion.Methods:The clinical data of patients with total scalp avulsion admitted to the Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery of General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command from January 2015 to December 2020 were collected. All patients were treated by microsurgical technique combined with cosmetic suture technique. Thorough debridement was performed during the operation. Active anti-shock treatment was given to the patient with hemorrhagic shock. The vascular was explored and labeled. The vascular anastomosis was conducted by microsurgical technique. The venous anastomosis was performed in the first place. The arterial anastomosis was performed according to the patient's condition. Symptomatic treatment, such as routine anti-coagulation, was given to patients after the operation. An infection prevention strategy was performed in patients. The recovery of patients was observed.Results:A total of six patients were involved in this study. All patients were females, aged from 36 to 55 years old. Various degrees of wound contamination can be seen, and one patient with hemorrhagic shock. The superficial temporal vein, supraorbital vein and sentinel vein were anastomosed in two patients, and the superficial temporal vein and sentinel vein were anastomosed in four patients. The superficial temporal artery and supratrochlear artery were anastomosed in two patients, and the superficial temporal artery was anastomosed in four patients. All patients were followed up for 3 months to 2 years, averaging 13.71 months. More than 90% of the scalp survived in three patients, 80% in two patients, and 50% in one patient. The necrotic area survived after replantation of a split-thickness skin graft. The sensory function of surviving scalp after replantation was slightly regressed. The hair growth was normal. Only superficial linear scar left. All patients were satisfied with the efficacy.Conclusions:The application of the microsurgical technique for vascular anastomosis combined with cosmetic suture technique for repair can achieve good clinical efficacy in situ replantation of total scalp avulsion.

Objective:To explore the clinical efficacy of microsurgical technique combined with cosmetic suture technique in situ replantation of total scalp avulsion.Methods:The clinical data of patients with total scalp avulsion admitted to the Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery of General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command from January 2015 to December 2020 were collected. All patients were treated by microsurgical technique combined with cosmetic suture technique. Thorough debridement was performed during the operation. Active anti-shock treatment was given to the patient with hemorrhagic shock. The vascular was explored and labeled. The vascular anastomosis was conducted by microsurgical technique. The venous anastomosis was performed in the first place. The arterial anastomosis was performed according to the patient's condition. Symptomatic treatment, such as routine anti-coagulation, was given to patients after the operation. An infection prevention strategy was performed in patients. The recovery of patients was observed.Results:A total of six patients were involved in this study. All patients were females, aged from 36 to 55 years old. Various degrees of wound contamination can be seen, and one patient with hemorrhagic shock. The superficial temporal vein, supraorbital vein and sentinel vein were anastomosed in two patients, and the superficial temporal vein and sentinel vein were anastomosed in four patients. The superficial temporal artery and supratrochlear artery were anastomosed in two patients, and the superficial temporal artery was anastomosed in four patients. All patients were followed up for 3 months to 2 years, averaging 13.71 months. More than 90% of the scalp survived in three patients, 80% in two patients, and 50% in one patient. The necrotic area survived after replantation of a split-thickness skin graft. The sensory function of surviving scalp after replantation was slightly regressed. The hair growth was normal. Only superficial linear scar left. All patients were satisfied with the efficacy.Conclusions:The application of the microsurgical technique for vascular anastomosis combined with cosmetic suture technique for repair can achieve good clinical efficacy in situ replantation of total scalp avulsion.

Objective: To investigate the positive rate for 2019-nCoV tests and co-infections in Wuhan district. Methods: A total of 8 274 cases in Wuhan were enrolled in this cross-sectional study during January 20 to February 9, 2020, and were tested for 2019-nCoV using fluorescence quantitative PCR. Both respiratory tract samples (nasopharynx, oropharynx, sputum and alveolar lavage fluid) and non-respiratory tract samples (urine, feces, anal swabs, blood and conjunctival sac swabs) were collected. If both orf1ab and N genes are positive, they are classified as nucleic acid test positive group; if both orf1ab and N genes are negative, they are classified as negative group; if single gene target is positive, they are classified as suspicious group. Individuals were divided into male group and female group according to sex. At the same time, 316 patients were tested for 13 respiratory pathogens by multiplex PCR. Results: Among the 8 274 subjects, 2 745 (33.2%) were 2019-nCoV infected; 5 277 (63.8%) subjects showed negative results in the 2019-nCoV nucleic acid test; and 252 cases (3.05%) was not definitive (inconclusive result). The age of cases with COVID-19 patients and inconclusive cases was significantly higher than that of cases without 2019-nCoV infection (40 vs 56, t=27.569, P<0.001; 52 vs 56, t=6.774, P<0.001). The positive rate of 13 respiratory pathogens multiple tests was significantly lower in 104 subjects who were positive for 2019-nCoV compared with those in subjects who were negative for 2019-nCoV test (5.77% vs 18.39%, χ²=24.105, P=0.003). Four types of respiratory tract samples and five types of non-respiratory tract samples were found to be positive for 2019-nCoV nucleic acid test. Conclusion The 2019-nCoV nucleic acid positive rate in male is higher than in female. Co-infections should be pay close attention in COVID-19 patients. 2019-nCoV nucleic acid can be detected in non-respiratory tract samples.