Transarterial radioembolization (TARE) is a widely utilized therapeutic approach for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), however, the clinical implementation is constrained by the stringent preparation conditions of radioembolization agents. Herein, we incorporated the superstable homogeneous iodinated formulation technology (SHIFT), simultaneously utilizing an enhanced solvent form in a carbon dioxide supercritical fluid environment, to encapsulate radionuclides (such as ¹³¹I,¹⁷⁷Lu, or ¹⁸F) with lipiodol for the preparation of radiolipiodol. The resulting radiolipiodol exhibited exceptional stability and ultra-high labeling efficiency (≥99%) and displayed notable intratumoral radionuclide retention and in vivo stability more than 2 weeks following locoregional injection in subcutaneous tumors in mice and orthotopic liver tumors in rats and rabbits. Given these encouraging findings, ¹⁸F was authorized as a radiotracer in radiolipiodol for clinical trials in HCC patients, and showed a favorable tumor accumulation, with a tumor-to-liver uptake ratio of ≥50 and minimal radionuclide leakage, confirming the feasibility of SHIFT for TARE applications. In the context of transforming from preclinical to clinical screening, the preparation of radiolipiodol by SHIFT represents an innovative physical strategy for radionuclide encapsulation. Hence, this work offers a reliable and efficient approach for TARE in HCC, showing considerable promise for clinical application (ChiCTR2400087731).

[Purpose]To analyze the trends of cancer incidence and mortality in Changsha City from 2018 to 2022.[Methods]Based on the annual cancer registry data of Changsha City from 2018 to 2022,SAS 9.2 software was used to calculate the crude incidence/mortality rates and age-standardized incidence/mortality rates by Chinese standard population(ASIRC/ASMRC).The age-standardized rate was standardized using the population composition of China in 2000.Join-point 4.9.0.0 software was used to fit a Log-linear regression model to calculate the average annual percentage change(AAPC)and its 95％confidence interval(CI)for trend analysis.A linear regression model was applied to calculate the contribution rate of each cancer type to the trend change,with a significance level of α=0.05.[Results]From 2018 to 2022,the crude incidence rate of malig-nant tumors in Changsha City was 367.98/105(ASIRC:232.28/105),and the crude mortality rate was 192.36/105(ASMRC:106.11/105).Both incidence and mortality rates were higher in male than those in female.The incidence and mortality rates remained relatively low before age 50 but rose rapidly thereafter:the incidence peaked in the age group of 80～84 years old,while mortality peaked in the age group of 85 years old and above.The top 5 cancers by incidence were lung cancer,female breast cancer,colorectum cancer,cervical cancer,and thyroid cancer;while the top 5 cancers by mortality were lung cancer,colorectum cancer,liver cancer,female breast can-cer,and cervical cancer.The ASIRC increased significantly in the total population(AAPC=4.71％,95％CI:3.20％～6.23％),male(AAPC=2.44％,95％CI:0.35％～4.58％),and female(AAPC=7.17％,95％CI:4.00％～10.43％).The ASMRC increased significantly in the total population(AAPC=2.94％,95％CI:0.73％～5.20％)and male(AAPC=3.37％,95％CI:1.63％～5.15％),but the trend in female was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).Contribution rate analysis showed that thyroid cancer(51.25％),female breast cancer(12.18％),lymphoma(6.02％),and oral cavity and pharyngeal can-cer(5.28％)were the main cancer types contributing to the increased ASIRC;lung cancer(26.10％),colorectum cancer(14.89％),oral cavity and pharyngeal cancer(5.73％),lymphoma(5.60％),and thyroid cancer(2.08％)were the main ones contributing to the increased ASMRC;liver cancer(49.82％)and esophageal cancer(19.55％)were the main causes of decreased ASIRC,with their contribution rates to decreased ASMRC reaching 77.69％and 11.16％,respectively.[Conclusion]The disease burden of malignant tumors in Changsha City continued to increase from 2018 to 2022.It is necessary to strengthen prevention and control for cancers with a signifi-cant upward trend(such as thyroid cancer,lung cancer,and colorectum cancer)and high-risk populations(such as male and middle-aged and elderly people),while consolidating the prevention and control effects for liver cancer and esophageal cancer.

[Purpose]To analyze the trends of cancer incidence and mortality in Changsha City from 2018 to 2022.[Methods]Based on the annual cancer registry data of Changsha City from 2018 to 2022,SAS 9.2 software was used to calculate the crude incidence/mortality rates and age-standardized incidence/mortality rates by Chinese standard population(ASIRC/ASMRC).The age-standardized rate was standardized using the population composition of China in 2000.Join-point 4.9.0.0 software was used to fit a Log-linear regression model to calculate the average annual percentage change(AAPC)and its 95％confidence interval(CI)for trend analysis.A linear regression model was applied to calculate the contribution rate of each cancer type to the trend change,with a significance level of α=0.05.[Results]From 2018 to 2022,the crude incidence rate of malig-nant tumors in Changsha City was 367.98/105(ASIRC:232.28/105),and the crude mortality rate was 192.36/105(ASMRC:106.11/105).Both incidence and mortality rates were higher in male than those in female.The incidence and mortality rates remained relatively low before age 50 but rose rapidly thereafter:the incidence peaked in the age group of 80～84 years old,while mortality peaked in the age group of 85 years old and above.The top 5 cancers by incidence were lung cancer,female breast cancer,colorectum cancer,cervical cancer,and thyroid cancer;while the top 5 cancers by mortality were lung cancer,colorectum cancer,liver cancer,female breast can-cer,and cervical cancer.The ASIRC increased significantly in the total population(AAPC=4.71％,95％CI:3.20％～6.23％),male(AAPC=2.44％,95％CI:0.35％～4.58％),and female(AAPC=7.17％,95％CI:4.00％～10.43％).The ASMRC increased significantly in the total population(AAPC=2.94％,95％CI:0.73％～5.20％)and male(AAPC=3.37％,95％CI:1.63％～5.15％),but the trend in female was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).Contribution rate analysis showed that thyroid cancer(51.25％),female breast cancer(12.18％),lymphoma(6.02％),and oral cavity and pharyngeal can-cer(5.28％)were the main cancer types contributing to the increased ASIRC;lung cancer(26.10％),colorectum cancer(14.89％),oral cavity and pharyngeal cancer(5.73％),lymphoma(5.60％),and thyroid cancer(2.08％)were the main ones contributing to the increased ASMRC;liver cancer(49.82％)and esophageal cancer(19.55％)were the main causes of decreased ASIRC,with their contribution rates to decreased ASMRC reaching 77.69％and 11.16％,respectively.[Conclusion]The disease burden of malignant tumors in Changsha City continued to increase from 2018 to 2022.It is necessary to strengthen prevention and control for cancers with a signifi-cant upward trend(such as thyroid cancer,lung cancer,and colorectum cancer)and high-risk populations(such as male and middle-aged and elderly people),while consolidating the prevention and control effects for liver cancer and esophageal cancer.

Immune checkpoint inhibitor(ICI)associated diabetes mellitus(DM)a rare specific type of diabetes,usually developed after the treatment of programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1)inhibitor or programmed cell death ligand 1(PD-L1)inhibitor.We reported 4 cases of DM after ICI use.These patients had a subacute onset,6 to 17 months after the first use of the drug,with diabetic autoantibodies negative.Pancreas atrophy was observed in one of them.All of the patients received treatment of insulin.

Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is an ocular mitochondrial disease that involves the impairment of mitochondrial complex I, which is an important contributor to blindness among young adults across the globe. However, the disorder has no available cures, since the approved drug idebenone for LHON in Europe relies on bypassing complex I defects rather than fixing them. Herein, PARKIN mRNA-loaded nanoparticle (mNP)-engineered mitochondria (mNP-Mito) were designed to replace dysfunctional mitochondria with the delivery of exogenous mitochondria, normalizing the function of complex I for treating LHON. The mNP-Mito facilitated the supplementation of healthy mitochondria containing functional complex I via mitochondrial transfer, along with the elimination of dysfunctional mitochondria with impaired complex I via an enhanced PARKIN-mediated mitophagy process. In a mouse model induced with a complex I inhibitor (rotenone, Rot), mNP-Mito enhanced the presence of healthy mitochondria and exhibited a sharp increase in complex I activity (76.5%) compared to the group exposed to Rot damage (29.5%), which greatly promoted the restoration of ATP generation and mitigation of ocular mitochondrial disease-related phenotypes. This study highlights the significance of nanoengineered mitochondria as a promising and feasible tool for the replacement of dysfunctional mitochondria and the repair of mitochondrial function in mitochondrial disease therapies.

Placental implantation disorders (PAS) have become the main cause of postpartum hemorrhage and perinatal hysterectomy. The risk of placental implantation surgery is high. It is important to conduct screening and diagnosis of high-risk patients with PAS, promptly refer patients with severe PAS, choose appropriate surgical opportunities, form a multidisciplinary team, conduct reliable preoperative evaluation and sufficient preoperative preparation, develop reasonable surgical plans and rescue plans, and have experienced doctors perform the surgery to minimize the risk. Standardized management of clinical diagnosis and treatment for patients will help improve pregnancy outcomes, reduce hysterectomy rates, and reduce severe complications and mortality rates in pregnant and postpartum women.

Objective: Analysis of the effect of triggering receptor-1 expressed on myeloid cells (TREM-1) in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the mechanism. Methods: The oleic acid-treated HepG2 cells were divided into model group, overexpression group, interference group A, interference group B and negative control group. The mouse model of NAFLD was generated and randomly divided into (nuclear factor-κB) NF-κB inhibition group, protein kinase B (AKT) inhibition group, knockout group A, knockout group B and control group. The expression of inflammatory factors and TREM-1 in liver tissue was detected by PCR, and fat accumulation was detected by oil red O staining. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of TREM-1 and signaling pathway proteins, and HE staining was used to detect liver tissue changes. Results: TREM-1 was up-regulated in liver tissue of NAFLD mice [(0.936±0.127) vs. (0.432±0.105)] and in oleic acid-treated HepG2 cells. In oleic acid-treated HepG2 cells, overexpression of TREM-1 increased inflammatory factor expression and increased lipid droplets; inhibition of TREM-1 expression decreased inflammatory factor expression, and lipid droplets decreased. Knockout of TREM-1 and inhibition of NF-κB in NAFLD mice reduced hepatocyte inflammatory factor expression and reduced liver damage; knockout of TREM-1 and inhibition of AKT reduced liver tissue lipids and drops accumulate. Conclusions The overexpression of TREM-1 in NAFLD mice liver tissue can regulate inflammatory factor expression and lipid droplets through NF-κB and AKT signal pathway. TREM-1 might be a potential therapeutic target of NAFLD.

Objective To discuss the clinical effect of perioperative bundle of care for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who are receiving CT-guided percutaneous minimally-invasive argon-helium knife cryoablation.Methods A total of 30 HCC patients,who underwent percutaneous argonhelium knife cryoablation,were enrolled in this study.Perioperative measures based on the concept of bundle of care were implemented,which included training of nursing team members,perfect preoperative psychological nursing,dietary guidance,preoperative routine preparations,effective intraoperative guidance and close observation of the patient's condition,postoperative activity guidance,prevention and observation of complications,etc.Results All 30 advanced HCC patients could actively cooperate with physicians for the performance of percutaneous argon helium cryoablation.After the treatment,two patients developed nausea and vomiting and one patient developed chills and fever,which were improved after symptomatic treatment.All the 30 patients recovered well during the perioperative period and were discharged from hospital smoothly.Conclusion Perioperative bundle of care can help patients restore the surgical damage as soon as possible,reduce the pain and improve the quality of life.

With the increasing incidence of osteoporosis, osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) has become a common disease in the elderly. Relevant researches have indicated that percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) has become the main treatment for painful osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. In aspect of perioperative nursing care for PVP, both domestic and foreign scholars have published a large number of research reports, indicating that perioperative nursing intervention can alleviate the pain, reduce the incidence of complications, improve the quality of life of patients, and promote rehabilitation. This article aims to make a comprehensive review about the perioperative nursing care for patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures who are receiving PVP so as to provide reference for clinical nursing staff in the implementation of nursing intervention. (J Intervent Radiol, 2018, 27:290-293)

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of maintenance therapy with reduced dose of rhTPO in the patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) who attained stable platelet (PLT) counts after daily administration of rhTPO. Methods: Treatment was started with a daily administration of rhTPO (300 U/kg) for 2 consecutive weeks. Patients who attained stable PLT≥50×10⁹/L were enrolled to maintenance therapy starting with every other day administration of rhTPO, then adjusted dose interval to maintain platelet count (30-100) ×10⁹/L. Results: A total of 91 eligible patients were enrolled. Fourteen patients discontinued the study due to noncompliance (12/14) and investigator decision (2/14) . Among 77 patients who completed the study, 38 patients with the administration of rhTPO at every other day or less could maintain PLT≥30×10⁹/L for 12 weeks. The percentage of patients with a platelet response (PLT≥30×10⁹/L) at 4^th week, 8^th week and 12^th week of maintain therapy was 92.6% (63/68) , 82.7% (43/52) and 85.0% (34/40) , respectively. Median platelet counts remained in the range of (70-124) ×10⁹/L. The overall incidence of rhTPO-related adverse events was 7.7%. All the adverse events were generally mild. Conclusion Extending the dose interval of rhTPO is feasible to maintain stable platelet count in the patients with ITP, but the optimal dose interval is uncertain and might vary with individuals.