Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are debilitating diseases of the digestive system that severely impair an individual's quality of life and impose a significant economic burden. However, the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of FGIDs and effective treatment options remain unclear. Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS), a novel neuromodulation therapy, has shown promising therapeutic outcomes in the treatment of FGIDs. This study conducted a comprehensive analysis of the development of taVNS and its relationship with vagus nerve stimulation and explored the clinical application of taVNS in managing FGIDs, including functional dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome, and functional constipation. Additionally, this study investigated the pathophysiological mechanisms of taVNS in FGIDs and reviewed its application as a holistic treatment approach, aiming to provide new insights into its therapeutic potential.

Objective To investigate the expression of FTO in gastric cancer tissues and the functional significance of FTO in MGC-803 cell line.Methods The FTO mRNA was detected by RT-qPCR in 54 cases of gastric cancer samples and their paired adjacent normal control tissues.The effect of FTO overexpression in MGC-803 on cell proliferation,cell migration and invasion were detected by CCK-8,wound heal and ranswell assays,respectively.Results The expression of FTO mRNA was significantly lower than that of adjacent tissues(P＜O.05).Furthermore,overexpression of FTO in MGC-803 cells inhibited cell proliferation,cell migration and invasion.Conclusions FTO is low expressed in gastric cancer tissues and inhibits gastric cancer cell line MGC-803 proliferation,migration and invasion.FTO is closely associated with the development of gastric cancer.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Despiting the great progress on target agents, majority of people who do not harbor a mutation could not get beneift from them. Immunotherapy, through stimulating the body's immune system to improve the antitumor immunity effect, has been a new therapeutic method for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Study had been reported that immune checkpoint molecules, including programmed death-1 (PD-1)/PD-ligand (L) 1 axis, are closedly related with cancer generation and development, and play a key role on clinical signiifcance of NSCLC. Activation of PD-1/PD-L1 pathway contributes to tumor immune escape, and block PD-1/PD-L1 pathway can enhance endogenous antimuor immunity. Currently increasing clinical trials suggested that immune checkpoint inhibitors, including anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies turned out to be beneifcial and safe in NSCLC. Here, we provide a review on the progress of PD-1/PD-L1 pathway and immune checkpoint inhibitors in NSCLC.