Yttrium-90 microsphere selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT), also known as transarterial radioembolization, has become one of the pivotal treatments for liver cancer, particularly for selected advantageous patient groups. This review summarizes the characteristics of different patients with liver cancer that could obtain maximum benefit from SIRT and discusses key factors affecting efficacy and safety, including tumor characteristics, liver function, patient performance status, and treatment intent. In evaluating appropriate candidates, mapping serves as a crucial simulation procedure to assess tumor vascular anatomy, predict lung shunting, and guide catheter positioning and dose planning. This procedure substantially enhances therapeutic precision while minimizing the risk of nontarget radiation-related adverse events, such as radiation-induced pneumonitis and gastrointestinal toxicity. Several studies have suggested that SIRT is not only suitable for patients with early or limited hepatocellular carcinoma but can also be used as a bridging therapy for liver transplantation and conversion therapy for unresectable liver cancers. In combination with systemic treatments, SIRT has demonstrated survival benefits in patients with unresectable liver cancer. This review also highlights the importance of further optimizing patient screening through personalized dosimetry and mapping to ensure the precision and safety of treatment. A thorough review of relevant literature and clinical practice offers clinicians comprehensive suggestions on patient screening and clarifies the promise of SIRT in the liver cancer population.

The incidence and mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in China are among the highest in the world, imposing a heavy social burden. Liver resection and liver transplantation are the primary radical treatments for HCC, although most patients are no longer able to meet the surgical requirements at initial diagnosis. Yttrium-90 microsphere selective internal radiation therapy (⁹⁰Y-SIRT) has the advantages of shrinking tumors, enlarging residual liver, regressing portal vein tumor thrombus and improving the quality of life, which can be used for conversion, downstaging and bridging therapy for HCC before surgical treatment, enabling patients regain the chance of radical treatment and reducing the postoperative recurrence rate. This review focuses on the clinical application and progress of ⁹⁰Y-SIRT in this field.

Objective To investigate the intervention and duration of work-related injury rehabilitation,and explore the related fac-tors.Methods The intervention and duration of rehabilitation were investigated in a total of 595 subjects after work-related in-juries accepting rehabilitation in Dexin Hospital of Yancheng from 2021 to 2023,as well as the related clinical factors.Results The intervention of rehabilitation was average in 188.54 days after injuries,and duration for 44.52 days.The in-tervention of rehabilitation was different among the locations of the work-related injury certification(Z=159.193,P<0.001).The duration of rehabilitation was different among injury sites,surgical statuses and loca-tions of the work-related injury certification(|Z|>5.585,P<0.001).Some locations of work-related injury certi-fications correlated with the intervention of rehabilitation(t>2.332,P<0.05);while aged 60 to 69,type of inju-ries,some locations of work-related injury certifications and rehabilitation expenses correlated with the interven-tion of rehabilitation(t>2.064,P<0.05).Conclusion The locations of the work-related injury certification may influence the work-related injured employees to receive rehabilitation,while the duration of rehabilitation is related to the age,types of injury,surgical status,lo-cations of the work-related injury certification and rehabilitation medical expenses.

Objective:To analyze the screening results of the Urban Cancer Early Diagnosis and Treatment Project in Qinghai Province from 2019 to 2024.Methods:A summary and statistical analysis were conducted on six years of screening data from the Urban Cancer Early Dia-gnosis and Treatment Program in Qinghai Province,with the high-risk rate,screening rate,and detection rate calculated separately for each type of cancer.Results:From 2019 to 2024,56,882 high-risk individuals were identified.The high-risk rates for lung,colorectal,breast,up-per gastrointestinal,and liver cancer were 22.02%,21.57%,14.23%,13.52%,and 6.10%,respectively.Overall,13,592 individuals com-pleted clinical screening,with detection rates of 0.32%for lung cancer,0.41%for liver cancer,0.08%for precancerous gastric lesions,3.63%for precancerous colorectal lesions,0.08%for esophageal cancer,0.16%for gastric cancer,and 0.14%for colorectal cancer.Conclusions:The implementation of the Urban Cancer Early Diagnosis and Treatment Program in Qinghai Province aids in the early detection of cancer,improves early diagnosis and survival rates,and reduces mortality.Nevertheless,due to low public awareness and limited participation,en-hancements in program management and public outreach are required.

Objective To investigate the intervention and duration of work-related injury rehabilitation,and explore the related fac-tors.Methods The intervention and duration of rehabilitation were investigated in a total of 595 subjects after work-related in-juries accepting rehabilitation in Dexin Hospital of Yancheng from 2021 to 2023,as well as the related clinical factors.Results The intervention of rehabilitation was average in 188.54 days after injuries,and duration for 44.52 days.The in-tervention of rehabilitation was different among the locations of the work-related injury certification(Z=159.193,P<0.001).The duration of rehabilitation was different among injury sites,surgical statuses and loca-tions of the work-related injury certification(|Z|>5.585,P<0.001).Some locations of work-related injury certi-fications correlated with the intervention of rehabilitation(t>2.332,P<0.05);while aged 60 to 69,type of inju-ries,some locations of work-related injury certifications and rehabilitation expenses correlated with the interven-tion of rehabilitation(t>2.064,P<0.05).Conclusion The locations of the work-related injury certification may influence the work-related injured employees to receive rehabilitation,while the duration of rehabilitation is related to the age,types of injury,surgical status,lo-cations of the work-related injury certification and rehabilitation medical expenses.

Objective:To analyze the screening results of the Urban Cancer Early Diagnosis and Treatment Project in Qinghai Province from 2019 to 2024.Methods:A summary and statistical analysis were conducted on six years of screening data from the Urban Cancer Early Dia-gnosis and Treatment Program in Qinghai Province,with the high-risk rate,screening rate,and detection rate calculated separately for each type of cancer.Results:From 2019 to 2024,56,882 high-risk individuals were identified.The high-risk rates for lung,colorectal,breast,up-per gastrointestinal,and liver cancer were 22.02%,21.57%,14.23%,13.52%,and 6.10%,respectively.Overall,13,592 individuals com-pleted clinical screening,with detection rates of 0.32%for lung cancer,0.41%for liver cancer,0.08%for precancerous gastric lesions,3.63%for precancerous colorectal lesions,0.08%for esophageal cancer,0.16%for gastric cancer,and 0.14%for colorectal cancer.Conclusions:The implementation of the Urban Cancer Early Diagnosis and Treatment Program in Qinghai Province aids in the early detection of cancer,improves early diagnosis and survival rates,and reduces mortality.Nevertheless,due to low public awareness and limited participation,en-hancements in program management and public outreach are required.

Objective:To explore the causes of blood supply disorder of the pedicled rectus abdominis flap.Methods:Between January 2019 and May 2021, a cohort of 61 female patients, aged 25 to 70 years with a mean age of (46.9±2.1) years, underwent surgical repair for extensive thoracic wall defects at Hunan Province Cancer Hospital. These defects, resulting from thoracic wall tumor resection, were addressed using a combination of pedicled rectus abdominis myocutaneous flaps and free inferior abdominal artery perforator flaps. The patient cohort included 39 cases of locally advanced breast cancer, 12 cases of recurrent breast cancer, 6 cases of lobular cell sarcoma, and 4 cases of soft tissue sarcoma. The patients were divided into two groups according to the order of revascularization sequence of free inferior abdominal artery perforator flap: 31 cases in the group of anastomosing the artery first and then the accompanying vein (group A), and 30 cases in the group of anastomosing the vein first and then the artery (group B). The main reasons for the blood supply disorders of the pedicled rectus abdominis flap were analysed in the two groups.Results:In all 61 patients, the pedicled rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap showed immediate red and purple plaques and other blood supply disorders. Further anastomosis of the free inferior abdominal wall artery perforating the flap vessel tip was conducted to achieve pressurization. The vascular selection for the recipient area included the intrathoracic vessels in 26 cases, the thoracic acromion vessels in 15 cases, the thoracodorsal vessels in 9 cases, the anterior serratus branch of the thoracodorsal vessels in 7 cases, and the lateral thoracic arteries and veins in 4 cases. The flap length measured (29.1±0.6) cm, while the width of the skin island was (12.9±0.6) cm. The follow-up period was from 9 to 16 months, with a mean of 12.7 months.In the Group A, the flap blood supply was significantly relieved before further anastomosing the vein in 7 cases, and the flap blood supply returned to normal in the other 24 cases after further anastomosing the vein. In the Group B, the flap blood supply was significantly relieved before further anastomosing the artery in 27 cases, and the flap blood supply returned to normal in the other 3 cases after further anastomosing the artery.61 flaps survived completely, the shape of reconstructed chest wall was satisfactory, and there was no flap contracture and deformation; only linear scar was left in the donor area of the flap, and there was no significant effect on the function of the abdominal wall. The patients were followed-up for 9-16 months, with an average of 12.7 months.Conclusions:The main reason for the blood supply obstacle of the rectus abdominis flap is the venous return obstacle, in order to ensure the reliable blood supply of the flap, the venous return should be increased as a priority.

Objective:To investigate the effect of pressurized pedicled rectus abdominis flap for breast reconstruction.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted to include 37 female patients with breast cancer who underwent immediate breast reconstruction using a pressurized pedicle rectus abdominis skin flap transplantation after surgery at the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital from March 2019 to December 2022. The patients were aged 29-61 years, with an average age of (37.7±3.5) years. According to the preoperative imaging and ultrasound data, 17 patients were planned to complete immediate breast reconstruction with free inferior abdominal artery perforator flap transplantation, and the operation was adjusted to directly prepare a pedicled rectus abdominis flap with long inferior abdominal vessel pedicle according to the actual situation. In addition, 20 patients were scheduled to use pedicled rectus abdominis flap alone, and the operation was changed according to the actual situation. The flap was trimmed according to the condition of the affected area and immediate intraoperative fluorgraphy. After cutting off the vascular pedicle, the recipient area was placed, and the recipient blood vessels were selected for vascular anastomosis. After shaping, the donor and recipient areas were sutured. The survival of the skin flap was observed.Results:Intraoperative fluorescein angiography was used to determine the blood supply of the flap. It was found that 37 cases of pedicled rectus abdominis flaps had different degrees of blood supply disorders. The affected vessels in the specific anastomosis comprised the intrathoracic vessels (19 cases, 51.4%), the lateral thoracic arterial vein (10 cases, 27.0%), and anterior branches of the thoracic and dorsal vessels (8 cases, 21.6%). In 37 cases, the lateral abdominal wall vein was carried in the flap, 20 of which carried the lateral abdominal wall shallow vein, 17 cases carried the lateral abdominal wall shallow vein, six of which were extra anastomosed and superficial vein, and the actual utilization rate was 16.2%. The follow-up was 47 months, averaging 22.7 months. 37 patients had fair reconstructed breast appearance, good elasticity, and no flap contracture deformation. Only linear scar was left in the flap donor area with no effect on abdominal wall function.Conclusions:Pressurized rectus flap can improve the survival rate and surgical safety.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with lenvatinib plus PD-1 inhibitor (TACE+Len+PD-1) versus TACE combined with lenvatinib (TACE+Len) for patients with unresectable intermediate-advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods:The data of 94 patients with intermediate-advanced HCC who received TACE+Len+PD-1 (One week after TACE, the patient were treated with lenvatinib and PD-1 inhibitor. lenvatinib, 8 or 12 mg/d, orally; PD-1 inhibitor, 200 mg/3 weeks, iv) or TACE+Len (One week after TACE, the patient were treated with lenvatinib.lenvatinib, 8 or 12 mg/d, orally) in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from June 2019 to February 2021 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. Among these patients, 44 were in the TACE+Len+PD-1 group and 50 were in the TACE+Len group. Tumor responses were evaluated according to modified response evaluation criteria in solid tumors. Objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and adverse events (AEs) were compared between the two groups. The potential prognostic factors for PFS and OS were determined.Results:The ORR of TACE+Len+PD-1 group and TACE+Len group was 72.8% (32/44) and 52.0% (26/50) (χ2=4.25, P=0.039), respectively. The DCR of TACE+Len+PD-1 group and TACE+Len group was 86.4% (38/44) and 62.0% (31/50) (χ2=7.12, P=0.008), respectively. The median PFS and median OS in TACE+Len+PD-1 group were significantly longer than those in TACE+Len group (PFS, 7.9 vs. 5.6 months, χ2=7.91, P=0.005; OS, 18.5 vs. 13.6 months, χ2=4.40, P=0.036). Multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that TACE+Len (HR=2.184,95%CI 1.366-3.493), incomplete tumor capsule (HR=2.002,95%CI 1.294-3.209) and extrahepatic metastasis (HR=1.765,95%CI 1.095-2.844) were the independent risk factors for PFS, while TACE+Len (HR=2.081,95%CI 1.097-3.948) and BCLC stage C (HR=7.325,95%CI 2.260-23.746) were the independent risk factors for OS. The incidence of ≥grade 3 AEs in TACE+Len+PD-1 group was similar to that in TACE+Len group (χ2=0.45, P=0.501). Conclusion:Compared with TACE+Len, TACE+Len+PD-1 resulted in a better tumor response and a longer PFS and OS in patients with intermediate-advanced HCC.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) receptor monoclonal antibody (MoAb) in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after treatment of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI).Methods:From February 2019 to February 2020, 56 HCC patients who relapsed after TACE-TKI treatment in Department of Interventional Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University were enrolled. All patients received anti-PD-1 MoAb (sintilimab injection) and followed up every 6 weeks. According to mRECIST, the curative effect was evaluated as complete response (CR), partial response (PR), stable disease (SD) or progressive disease (PD). Objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS) and treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were recorded. Univariate analysis by Chi-square test and binary logistic regression model was used to determine the influencing factors of DCR. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard regression model were used to analyze the survival data.Results:A total of 48 patients were enrolled in this study including 42 males and 6 females, with a median age of 55 years (29-71 years). ECOG scores comprised of 0 in 24 cases, 1-2 in 24 cases. Thirty-six patients were in Child-Pugh grade A of liver function and 12 cases were grade B. The median follow-up time was 4.5 months. There were 2 patients achieved CR, 12 patients with PR and 16 with SD. ORR was 29.2%, DCR was 62.5%. The independent influencing factors of DCR was ECOG score and AFP level ( P=0.031, P=0.012). Median PFS was 4.1 months (95% CI 2.7-5.4 months), and ECOG score was the independent influencing factor of PFS ( P=0.042). Treatment-related adverse events were reported in 70.8% (34/48) patients. Incidence of grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ TRAEs was 22.9% (11/48). Conclusion:In patients with HCC who relapse from TACE and TKI treatment, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody is efficacious safe especially in those with ECOG 0 score.