Objective: To analyze the association between insufficient sleep and score of depressive symptoms among junior and senior high school students, so as to provide a scientific reference for targeted early intervention measures of adolescents depressive symptoms. Methods: From September to November 2023, a stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 96 080 junior and senior high school students from 409 schools in 113 districts and counties in Shaanxi Province. A questionnaire survey was conducted using the 2023 Shaanxi Provincial Common Student Diseases and Health Influencing Factors Survey Form, and their height and weight were measured. Propensity score (PS) matched (1∶1) analysis was used to match participants with insufficient sleep to those sufficient sleep students. Through the gradual correction of the confounders, three multilevel linear models were established to analyze the association between insufficient sleep and depressive symptoms score, and subgroup analysis was conducted afterward. Results: A total of 70 135 (73.00%) students had insufficient sleep. After PS matching, 25 894 pairs were matched. Before PS matching, after adjusting for gender, educational stage, region, adolescent characteristics, boarding status, smoking, alcohol consumption, outdoor activities and body mass index grouping, linear regression analysis results showed that compared with students who got adequate sleep, students who lacked sleep had an increase of 1.39 scores ( B=1.39, 95%CI =1.28-1.51) in depressive symptoms; after PS matching, students with insufficient sleep got an increase of 1.32 scores ( B=1.32, 95%CI =1.17- 1.45 ) in depressive symptoms score compared with those who had adequate sleep (both P <0.05). Conclusions The insufficient sleep is associated with the increase of the depressive symptoms score of junior and senior high school students. It is recommended that junior and senior high school students should keep a good sleeping habit, so as to reduce the prevalence of depressive symptoms.

The incidence and mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in China are among the highest in the world, imposing a heavy social burden. Liver resection and liver transplantation are the primary radical treatments for HCC, although most patients are no longer able to meet the surgical requirements at initial diagnosis. Yttrium-90 microsphere selective internal radiation therapy (⁹⁰Y-SIRT) has the advantages of shrinking tumors, enlarging residual liver, regressing portal vein tumor thrombus and improving the quality of life, which can be used for conversion, downstaging and bridging therapy for HCC before surgical treatment, enabling patients regain the chance of radical treatment and reducing the postoperative recurrence rate. This review focuses on the clinical application and progress of ⁹⁰Y-SIRT in this field.

Vein graft (VG) failure (VGF) is associated with VG intimal hyperplasia, which is characterized by abnormal accumulation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Most neointimal VSMCs are derived from pre-existing VSMCs via a process of VSMC phenotypic transition, also known as dedifferentiation. There is increasing evidence to suggest that ginger or its bioactive ingredients may block VSMC dedifferentiation, exerting vasoprotective functions; however, the precise mechanisms have not been fully characterized. Therefore, we investigated the effect of ginger on VSMC phenotypic transition in VG remodeling after transplantation. Ginger significantly inhibited neointimal hyperplasia and promoted lumen (L) opening in a 3-month VG, which was primarily achieved by reducing ferroptotic stress. Ferroptotic stress is a pro-ferroptotic state. Contractile VSMCs did not die but instead gained a proliferative capacity and switched to the secretory type, forming neointima (NI) after vein transplantation. Ginger and its two main vasoprotective ingredients (6-gingerol and 6-shogaol) inhibit VSMC dedifferentiation by reducing ferroptotic stress. Network pharmacology analysis revealed that 6-gingerol inhibits ferroptotic stress by targeting P53, while 6-shogaol inhibits ferroptotic stress by targeting 5-lipoxygenase (Alox5), both promoting ferroptosis. Furthermore, both ingredients co-target peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), decreasing PPARγ-mediated nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 1 (Nox1) expression. Nox1 promotes intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and directly induces VSMC dedifferentiation. In addition, Nox1 is a ferroptosis-promoting gene that encourages ferroptotic stress production, indirectly leading to VSMC dedifferentiation. Ginger, a natural multi-targeted ferroptotic stress inhibitor, finely and effectively prevents VSMC phenotypic transition and protects against venous injury remodeling.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the perception of dental outpatient care quality from multiple perspectives of administrators, physicians, nurses, and patients and propose nursing care quality evaluation indices that are consistent with the clinical reality to provide reference for the construction of a scientific, systematic, and comprehensive dental outpatient care quality evaluation system. METHODS: A total of 39 interviewees, including 7 administrators, 11 doctors, 11 nurses, and 10 patients, were selected for semi-structured in-depth interviews in five regionally representative tertiary-level A stomatological specialty hospitals nationwide during January-April 2024 by using a multistage sampling method. Colaizzi 7-step analysis was used to analyze and summarize the interview data. Themes were extracted on the basis of the Structure-Process-Outcome (SPO) three-dimensional quality assessment model. RESULTS: Five main themes and 15 secondary themes were extracted from three quality dimensions: structure, process, and result. The related topics of structural quality were as follows: disinfection and isolation norms, equipment and consumable management, nursing manpower ratio and nurse education structure, and emergency capability. The related topics of process quality were as follows: pre-diagnosis risk assessment, patient triage and guidance, communication and attitude, health education, humanistic care, continuous care, specialty operation, and four-hand operation. The related topics of result quality were as follows: satisfaction, adverse event management and analysis, effective complaints and disputes. CONCLUSIONS Structure quality is the foundation, process quality is the core, and result quality is the key in the evaluation of the quality of oral outpatient care. The standardization of disinfection and isolation, equipment and consumable management, allocation of reasonable nursing manpower and post capacity, implementation of high-quality nursing services, and improvement of the quality and satisfaction of medical cooperation are necessary guarantees to ensure the quality of oral outpatient care.
Humans ; Quality of Health Care ; Ambulatory Care/standards* ; Dental Care/standards* ; Outpatients

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to construct an evaluation index system for nursing quality management in outpatient dental clinics based on the structure-process-outcome model and provide an objective standard for the evaluation of nursing quality in outpatient dental clinics. METHODS: Through literature review, multi-subject interviews, and expert meetings, the first draft of the evaluation index for nursing quality management in outpatient dental clinics was formulated. The Delphi method was adopted to select and invite 15 experts in the fields of hospital infection management, nursing management, and specialized oral care from across the country to modify the first draft. RESULTS: The positive coefficients of the experts in the two rounds of consultation were 86.7% and 92.3%, respectively. The total authority coefficients of the experts were 0.791 and 0.717, respectively. The mean scores of the importance and feasibility of the third-level indices in the two rounds of consultation were all ≥4.333; the coefficients of variation were all ≤0.150; and the Kendall's coordination coefficients were 0.308 and 0.184 respectively, with P<0.05 for all. These results indicated that the experts were motivated to participate in this study. They recognized the importance and feasibility of the overall items in this index system, and their opinions were relatively consistent. Finally, an evaluation index system, which included 3 first-level indices, 7 second-level indices, 22 third-level indices, and 69 index connotations, for nursing quality management in outpatient dental clinics was determined. The weights of the three first-level indicators were all 0.333. Patient satisfaction (0.076, outcome dimension), hand hygiene (0.061, outcome dimension), chair care ratio (0.057, structural dimension), and turnover rate (0.057, structural dimension) were the top tertiary indicators in terms of portfolio weight. CONCLUSIONS The construction method of the evaluation index system for nursing quality management in outpatient dental clinics is scientific and reliable. It can provide a reference for the evaluation of the management level of nursing quality in outpatient dental clinics and promote the continuous improvement of nursing quality in outpatient dental clinics.
Humans ; Dental Clinics ; Delphi Technique

Objective:To develop and validate a clinical prediction model for assessing the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) in elderly patients undergoing surgery with general anesthesia.Methods:This prospective observational study enrolled patients aged ≥65 years who underwent general anesthesia with mechanical ventilation duration >3 hours across six tertiary hospitals between December 2022 and August 2023. Based on follow-up outcomes (until discharge or postoperative day 7), patients were categorized into a non-PPCs group and a PPCs group. Detailed records included baseline patient characteristics, preoperative comorbidities, surgical information (type, duration), and bedside lung ultrasound scores (LUS) assessed within 24 hours postoperatively using a standardized 12-zone protocol. Predictor selection was performed using LASSO regression. Significant predictors identified were incorporated into a multivariate logistic regression analysis to build the prediction model, visualized as a nomogram. Internal validation was conducted via bootstrap resampling (1 000 repetitions). Model performance was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for discrimination, calibration curves for calibration accuracy, and decision curve analysis (DCA) for clinical utility.Results:A total of 130 eligible elderly surgical patients were included. PPCs occurred in 17 patients (incidence rate: 13.1%). Multivariate analysis identified LUS ( OR=1.248, 95% CI: 1.099-1.417, P=0.001) and elective surgery type ( OR=0.206, 95% CI: 0.043-0.988, P=0.048) as independent predictors of PPCs. The nomogram model demonstrated an AUC of 0.867 (95% CI: 0.775-0.959) upon initial testing. Internal validation confirmed good discrimination (AUC=0.863, 95% CI: 0.778-0.972). Calibration curves indicated excellent agreement between predicted probabilities and observed outcomes. Decision curve analysis demonstrated significant clinical net benefit across a wide range of threshold probabilities (0.03-0.89). Conclusions:The clinical prediction model, developed using early postoperative LUS scores and surgical type, effectively predicts the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications in elderly patients following surgery under general anesthesia. The model exhibits strong discrimination, calibration, and clinical utility, providing clinicians with a reliable tool for individualized risk assessment to support clinical decision-making and potentially reduce PPC incidence.

Objective:To investigate the association between exposure to major air pollutants (including PM 2.5, PM 10, NO 2, SO 2, O 3 and CO) and 28-day all-cause mortality in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Methods:The electronic medical records of critically ill patients admitted to the ICU in Hubei Province General Hospital and Jingzhou Central Hospital were collected from August 2018 to August 2019 and from May 2021 to May 2022. Patients' exposure to air pollutants was assessed based on the average concentrations at their place of residence during the previous two months. A generalized linear regression model was used to estimate the association between air pollutant exposure and 28-day all-cause mortality in critically ill patients. Subgroup analysis was then conducted to examine the impact of individual air pollutant exposure on 28-day mortality, which served as the primary outcome in this study. The effect size and confidence interval were adjusted for patient characteristics including age, gender, smoking or drinking habits, length of hospital stay, and SOFA score. Additionally, mediation analysis was conducted using the mediation package (Bruce R) in R software. The direct effect represented the association between exposure to air pollutants and risk of mortality, while the indirect effect aimed to assess whether neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and monocyte- lymphocyte ratio (MLR) served as mediating variables in the correlation between exposure to air pollutants and mortality risk.Results:The study included a total of 3 772 critically ill patients admitted to the ICU, with a 28-day all-cause mortality rate of 40.0% (1 509/3 772). A significant positive correlation was observed between an incremental increase of 1 μg/m 3 in air pollutants (specifically PM 2.5, NO 2 and CO) and an elevated risk of mortality within 28 days among critically ill patients. Conversely, there is an inverse relationship between O 3 levels and mortality risk. Additionally, male gender and SOFA rating >3 scores were identified as independent risk factors for all-cause mortality in ICU patients exposed to NO 2 or CO. The Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) played a mediating role in the correlation between PM 2.5 or CO exposure and mortality risk, accounting for 9.09% or 4.71% of the correlations, respectively. Conclusions:The exposure to air pollutants (PM 2.5, NO 2, CO) significantly associate with a high risk of 28-day all-cause mortality in ICU patients. Even at low levels of air pollution, NO 2, CO remains positively correlate with the mortality risk in critically ill patients, who belong to a vulnerable population.

Objective:To investigate the effect of tele-rehabilitation program on ataxic dysarthria following stroke.Methods:A total of 101 patients with stroke and dysarthria who received treatment at The First People's Hospital of Huzhou between January 2021 and October 2023 were included in this study. They were divided into an observation group ( n = 51) and a control group ( n = 50) using the random number table method. Patients in the control group received conventional family rehabilitation guidance, while those in the observation group participated in a tele-rehabilitation program. All patients were treated for 12 weeks. Before and 12 weeks after the intervention, the Frenchay Dysarthria Assessment (FDA) and speech clarity tests were used to assess speech function. Changes in FDA scores and speech clarity scores post-intervention were compared with pre-intervention scores. The observation group was further divided into mild, moderate, and severe groups based on FDA scores, and the differences in effect of tele-rehabilitation program on ataxic dysarthria among the three groups after the intervention were compared. Results:At 12 weeks after intervention, both the observation and control groups showed improvements in FDA scores and speech clarity [observation group: (43.88 ± 16.13) points, (68.65 ± 16.99)%; control group: (49.68 ± 12.09) points, (62.36 ± 14.20)%] compared with their baseline measurements [observation group: (55.12 ± 12.63) points, (57.96 ± 13.48)%; control group: (54.16 ± 10.69) points, (57.84 ± 12.78)%] ( t = 12.23, -14.01, 12.42, -13.86, all P < 0.001). Moreover, the observation group showed significant improvements compared with the control group ( t = 2.04, -2.01, both P < 0.05). At 12 weeks after intervention, both the mild and moderate groups showed improvements in FDA scores and speech clarity score [mild group: (31.41 ± 3.08) points, (82.94 ± 6.97)%, moderate group: (40.08 ± 4.67) points, (70.92 ± 6.26)%] compared with their baseline measurements [mild group: (42.24 ± 6.78) points, (70.53 ± 7.98)%, moderate group: (56.17 ± 4.65) points, (57.58 ± 6.54)%, t = 10.06, -20.25, 45.21, -21.34, all P < 0.001]. There were no significant improvements in the severe group for FDA scores and speech clarity score [(74.20 ± 4.29) points, (38.90 ± 5.80)%] compared with their baseline measurements [(74.50 ± 4.01) points, (37.50 ± 4.74)%, t = 1.96, -1.44, both P > 0.05]. Conclusion:The tele-rehabilitation program can improve post-stroke ataxic dysarthria, particularly showing significant effectiveness for patients with mild to moderate ataxic dysarthria.

Objective To investigate the effect of magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging(DTI)combined with Buyang Huanwu decoction on limb rehabilitation of patients with spontaneous hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage in basal ganglia.Methods A total of 68 patients with spontaneous hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage in basal from March 2022 to March 2023 were selected from the department of neurosurgery of the First People's Hospital of Huzhou as research object.According to the random number table method,the patients were divided into control group(30 cases)and experimental group(38 cases).The control group was diagnosed with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage and received conventional therapy,and the experimental group was treated with DTI combined with Buyang Huanwu decoction.After 4 weeks of treatment,the overall treatment effect of the two groups was compared,and the differences of Fugl-Meyer assessment(FMA),National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS),Berg balance scale(BBS),and modified Barthel index(MBI)scores were compared.Results The overall therapeutic effect of experimental group was significantly higher than that of control group[86.8%(33/38)vs.56.7%(17/30),P<0.05].After 4 weeks of treatment,FMA,BBS and MBI scores were significantly increased in both groups,NIHSS scores were significantly decreased in both groups,and the improvement degree of the experimental group was significantly better than that of the control group(FMA score:74.21±9.07 vs.66.73±12.76,NIHSS score:15.16±3.73 vs.20.27±6.15,MBI score:69.29±14.68 vs.60.63±19.10,BBS score:43.55±4.30 vs.36.90±3.86,all P<0.05).Conclusion DTI combined with Buyang Huanwu decoction can improve the motor function of the limbs of patients in the basal ganglia area and enhance their ability to perform activities of daily living.

Objective To explore the health promotion behaviors among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis(TB),and to analyze its relationship with health locus of control,in order to provide scientific references for improving TB patients'health-promotion behaviors in clinical nursing care.Methods The interpretive sequence mixed method design was utilized.A convenient sampling was used to enroll 300 TB patients from 2 TB specialized tertiary hospitals in Xi'an as research subjects from January to April 2023.General information questionnaire,Health promoting lifestyle profile-Ⅱ,and Multidimensional health locus of control scale were used to collect data,and single-factor analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were conducted.Purposeful sampling was used to select 11 TB patients for a semi-structured interview,and the Colaizzi 7-step method was used to extract themes.Results In the quantitative study,the total score of health promoting behaviors in 294 TB patients was(110.26±15.74).Patients'intemal health locus of control,chance health locus of control,and occupational status significantly influenced their health-promotion behaviors(P＜0.05).In the qualitative study,4 themes were extracted,including awakening self-awareness of health,the desire to establish a normal life,the distress of multiple uncertainties,and the immediate effect of authoritative guidance.The qualitative and quantitative studies complemented each other and further verified the relationship between health promotion behaviors and health locus of control of TB patients.Conclusion The level of health-promotion behaviors in TB patients needs to be further improved.Nurses need to take systematic health education as an opportunity by the catalytic effect of individual health awareness,to improve their internal locus of control,reduce their opportunity control tendency due to multiple uncertainties,with the ultimate purpose of helping TB patients form and maintain health promotion behaviors.