Objective To investigate the epidemiological survey of pulmonary Aspergillus infection in a district of Hefei City, Anhui Province, from 2019 to 2023. Methods The data of 302 patients who attended and were treated in the respiratory department, thoracic surgery department, oncology department, tuberculosis department and RICU ward of Anhui Chest Hospital from January 2019 to September 2023 were selected, and patients with Aspergillus infections were taken as the observation group, patients with Candida infections were taken as the control group, and bacterial infections were taken as the blank group. The general information of patients, pre-treatment infection, underlying diseases, and use of antifungal drugs were analyzed. Compare the data of observation group and control group, and analyze the risk factors affecting pulmonary Aspergillus infection. Results Pulmonary Aspergillus infection 100 cases, accounting for 33.11%. Pulmonary Candida infection was 80 cases, accounting for 26.49%. The other 122 cases were other lung diseases, accounting for 40.40%. The most common causative agent of pulmonary Aspergillus infection was Aspergillus fumigatus (57.00%), cough, sputum and occasional blood were found in most of the patients (88.00%), most of the lesions were located in the right upper lobe of the lungs (55.00%), and most of the single or multiple cavities were seen on imaging (47.00%). Specimens mostly originated from the deep airways of hospitalized patients and there was a predominance of male patients. Risk factors for pulmonary Aspergillus infection were history of hospital transfer, ICU admission, mechanical ventilation, extracorporeal catheterization (intravenous catheter and urinary catheter), history of surgery within 15 days, history of diabetes mellitus, history of respiratory chronic disease, history of antifungal prophylaxis and abnormal serum indicators. History of hospital transfer (OR=2.951, P=0.008), history of diabetes mellitus (OR=5.073, P=0.018), history of chronic respiratory disease (OR=7.523 , P=0.028), extracorporeal catheterization (OR=3.142, P=0.022), and history of anti-fungal prophylaxis (OR=6.334, P<0.001) were Aspergillus pulmonaryis infection independent risk factors for infection. Conclusion Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus flavus are the main pathogens of pulmonary Aspergillus infections in the region, and a history of nosocomial transfer, extracorporeal tubes, diabetes mellitus, chronic respiratory disease, and antifungal prophylaxis are independent risk factors for pulmonary Aspergillus infections.

Objective To investigate the ameliorative effect and potential mechanism of Cyclocaryae Paliuri Folium in sodium palmitate-induced lipid deposition in HepG2 cells.Methods The effect of sodium palmitate and lyophilized powder of Cyclocaryae Paliuri Folium on the viability of HepG2 cells was determined by the CCK-8 method to determine the subsequent dosage administered.The HepG2 cells were divided into blank group,model group,pioglitazone group and Cyclocaryae Paliuri Folium low-,medium-and high-dosage group,the lipid deposition model of HepG2 cells was established using 350 μmol/L sodium palmitate,the medication group were given pioglitazone and low-,medium-and high-dosage of Cyclocaryae Paliuri Folium(100,250,500 μg/mL)for 12 h respectively.The intracellular lipid deposition was observed by Nile red staining and BODIPY493/503 fluorescent probe staining,the content of TNF-α and IL-6 in supernatant of cell culture medium were detected by ELISA,Western blot was used to detect PI3K,Akt,sterol-regulatory element binding protein-1(SREBP-1),fatty acid synthase(FAS),Bcl-2,Bax protein expression,qPCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of adipose triglyceride lipase(ATGL)and CD36.Results Compared with the blank group,the lipid deposition of HepG2 cells in the model group increased,TNF-α and IL-6 contents in the supernatant of cell culture medium significantly increased(P<0.01),the protein expressions of p-PI3K,p-Akt,SREBP-1,FAS and Bax in cells significantly increased,while the protein expression of Bcl-2 significantly decreased(P<0.01),the mRNA expression of ATGL significantly decreased,and the mRNA expression of CD36 significantly increased(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the intracellular lipid deposition of the pioglitazone group and Cyclocaryae Paliuri Folium groups improved to varying degrees,the contents of TNF-α and IL-6 in the cell supernatant decreased,the expressions of p-PI3K,p-Akt,SREBP-1,FAS and Bax proteins decreased,the expression of Bcl-2 protein increased,the expression of ATGL mRNA increased,and the expression of CD36 mRNA decreased,with statistical significance in pioglitazone group and Cyclocaryae Paliuri Folium high-dosage group(P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion Cyclocaryae Paliuri Folium may ameliorate sodium palmitate-induced lipid deposition in HepG2 model cells by modulating the PI3K/Akt/SREBP-1/FAS signaling pathway and affecting triacylglycerol metabolism.

Objective To observe changes of white matter function in adolescent smoker(AS)with resting-state functional MRI(rs-fMRI)fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation(fALFF)technique.Methods Forty-five adolescents(AS group)and 45 control subjects(control group)were prospectively enrolled,and brain rs-fMRI were acquired.Brain regions with fALFF being different between groups were observed,and the correlations with clinical indicators were analyzed.Results Compared with that in control group,fALFF of the right superior longitudinal fasciculus significantly elevated in AS group(FDR correct Q＜0.05),in which the peak of the cluster was positively correlated with score of Fagerstr?m test for nicotine dependence(FTND)(r=0.294,P=0.049).Conclusion White matter function changed in AS,presenting as significantly increased fALFF in right superior longitudinal fasciculus,which was positively correlated with nicotine dependence.

Paraplegia caused by spinal cord injury is a serious neurological complication, for which surgery is currently the main treatment method. Due to different surgical approaches, patients are usually expected to maintain a passive prone position for a long time or switch between the supine and prone positions. Affected by multiple factors such as neurogenic sensory disorders, pathological changes in muscle tone and operative duration, the risk of intraoperative acquired pressure injury (IAPI) is significantly increased. Current clinical prevention strategies for IAPI in these patients predominantly focus on localized pressure relief during positioning, lacking systematic, standardized comprehensive prevention protocols or evidence-based guidelines. To address it, Department of Nursing, Orthopedics Branch, China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care, Spinal Trauma Professional Committee, Orthopedics Branch, Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Nursing Group of Spine and Spinal Cord Professional Committee of Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine organized experts in relevant fields to formulate Guideline for the prevention of intraoperative acquired pressure injury in paraplegic patients with spinal cord injury ( version 2025), based on evidence-based medical evidence and latest research results and clinical practice at home and abroad. Eleven recommendations were put forward from the aspects of preoperative risk assessment, intraoperative prevention strategies, postoperative handover and monitoring, and supportive mechanisms for IAPI prevention, aiming to standardize the prevention measures and management strategies of IAPI in paraplegic patients with spinal cord injury and accelerate the recovery of patients and improve the therapeutic effect.

Objective To assay the salivary ANG-2 level of oral lichen planus(OLP)patients,and analyze its correlation with in-flammatory activity of OLP.Methods Eighty-nine OLP patients were included,and divided into four subgroups as non-erosive asymp-tomatic(NEA),non-erosive symptomatic(NES),minor-erosive(MIE)and major-erosive(MAE)groups.Fifteen healthy adults were recruited as controls.Whole unstimulated saliva was collected from each participant,and the salivary ANG-2 level was measured by chemiluminescence immunoassays(CLIA)for analysis.Normal oral mucosal tissue,non-erosive and erosive OLP tissues were collected to detect and analyze the expression of ANG-2 positive blood vessels by immunohistochemistry(IHC).Results The base-lines of age and gender between OLP and control groups showed no significant difference.Compared to controls,the salivary ANG-2 levels of OLP group,non-erosive and erosive OLP subgroups were significantly higher(P＜0.05),in which erosive OLP group was higher than non-erosive OLP group(P=0.022);NES subgroup was slightly higher than NEA(P=0.048),and there was no statistical significance between MIA and MEA subgroups(P=0.067).Spearman correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between sali-vary ANG-2 level and inflammation activity in OLP patients(r=0.314,P=0.003).The expression of ANG-2 in non-erosive OLP mu-cosal tissues slightly increased than normal oral mucosal tissue(P＞0.05),but there was no significant difference.The expression of ANG-2 in erosive OLP mucosal tissues significantly increased than normal oral mucosal tissue(P＜0.001)and non-erosive OLP group(P＜0.001).Conclusion There is a certain correlation between sali-vary ANG-2 level and inflammatory activity of OLP,indicating that salivary ANG-2 level is probable to be one of the inflammatory activity indicators to monitor the state-variation of OLP as a clinical non-inva-sive method.

Objective To investigate the current status of sleep quality,depression,anxiety and stress of special service convalescents and their correlation.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on 311 special service convalescents by the Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI)and the depression-anxiety-stress self-rating scale-21(DASS-21)from May to July 2022.Results The mean total PSQI score of 311 special service convalescents was 4.93±3.14,and 63 of them(20.26%)had sleep quality problems(total score of PSQI>7).The proportions of respondents with the scores≥2 in sleep time,daytime dysfunction,subjective sleep quality,and fall-asleep time were 30.87%,26.05%,21.22%,and 20.26%,respectively.The proportions of respondents with mild depression,anxiety and stress were 6.11%,4.50%and 2.57%,respectively,which were higher than the other three grades(moderate,severe and very serious).The incidence of sleep quality problems,depression,anxiety,and stress in respondents aged 40 years and above was higher than those in the other age groups,and there was a tendency to increase with age.The total score of PSQI and all factors(except hypnotic drugs)were positively correlated with depression,anxiety,and stress in special service convalescents(all P<0.01).Regression analysis showed that depression and stress were the direct influencing factors of sleep quality.Conclusion The special service convalescents have varying degrees of sleep quality problems and negative emotions such as depression,anxiety,and stress,especially those aged 40 years and above.Sleep quality is closely related to depression,anxiety,and stress.

Organ transplantation has emerged as a therapeutic modality for children with end-stage organ failure.With advancements in surgical techniques,organ preservation methods,and immunosuppressive thera-pies,both the success rate of transplantation and the long-term quality of life of recipients have continued to im-prove.Initially applied primarily in cardiothoracic transplantation,extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)has gradually expanded its role in pediatric organ transplant recipients to include perioperative support for cardiopulmonary complications in abdominal organ transplants such as liver and kidney,as well as in the maintenance of deceased donors.With ongoing refinements in ECMO technology and equipment,its sig-nificance in supporting children with end-stage organ failure has become increasingly prominent,offering re-newed hope and survival for a growing number of pediatric patients with organ failure.

Schizophrenia (SZ) stands as a severe psychiatric disorder. This study applied diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data in conjunction with graph neural networks to distinguish SZ patients from normal controls (NCs) and showcases the superior performance of a graph neural network integrating combined fractional anisotropy and fiber number brain network features, achieving an accuracy of 73.79% in distinguishing SZ patients from NCs. Beyond mere discrimination, our study delved deeper into the advantages of utilizing white matter brain network features for identifying SZ patients through interpretable model analysis and gene expression analysis. These analyses uncovered intricate interrelationships between brain imaging markers and genetic biomarkers, providing novel insights into the neuropathological basis of SZ. In summary, our findings underscore the potential of graph neural networks applied to multimodal DTI data for enhancing SZ detection through an integrated analysis of neuroimaging and genetic features.
Humans ; Schizophrenia/pathology* ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging/methods* ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Brain/metabolism* ; Young Adult ; Middle Aged ; White Matter/pathology* ; Gene Expression ; Nerve Net/diagnostic imaging* ; Graph Neural Networks

In the ever-evolving landscape of cancer therapy, while cancer treatments such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and targeted therapy aim to eradicate malignant cells, they also inadvertently trigger cellular senescence in both cancerous and microenvironmental tissues. Therapy-induced senescence (TIS) can act as a barrier against tumor growth by halting cell proliferation in the short term, but the long-term persistence of therapy-induced senescent (TISnt) cells may pose a significant challenge in cancer management. Their distinct characteristics, like senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), metabolic dysregulation, and immune evasion, make them exhibit remarkable heterogeneity to orchestrate the tumor microenvironment (TME), resulting in therapy resistance. However, how these TISnt cells functioning differently in cancer progression, and the intricate mechanisms by which they remodel the senescence-associated immunosuppressive microenvironment present challenges for improving anticancer therapy. Therefore, this review summarizes the heterogeneous TISnt cell phenotypes contributing to an accumulated senescent state, outlines their multidimensional interactions in the senescent microenvironment, and discusses current senescence-targeting strategies. Building on the current understanding of TIS, we propose potential avenues for improving TIS-targeting methodologies in the context of head and neck cancer, a representative heterogeneous malignancy, which can substantially enhance the efficacy of the "one-two punch" sequential treatment approach for head and neck cancer.
Humans ; Cellular Senescence/drug effects* ; Tumor Microenvironment ; Neoplasms/pathology* ; Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype

BackgroundDepression has become a public health concern that affects the physical and mental health of college students. acute stress response is a risk factor of depression. Exploring the relationship and mechanism between acute stress response and depression is of great significance for preventing and intervening depression in college students. ObjectiveTo examine the relationship between acute stress response and depression among college students， and to analyze the mediating role of rumination and the moderated effect of perceived social support， so as to provide references for the prevention and intervention of depression in college student . MethodsFrom March to April 2020， a cluster sampling method was employed to select 1 355 college students from three universities in Hubei， Jiangxi and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Participants were assessed with Acute Stress Disorder Scale （ASDS）， Ruminative Responses Scale （RRS）， Brief form of Perceived Social Support Questionnaire （F-SozU） and Patients' Health Questionnaire Depression Scale-9 item （PHQ-9）. Pearson correlation analysis was adopted to examine the correlation between the scores of each scale. The mediating role of rumination between acute stress response and depression and the moderated role of perceived social support were examined respectively by using Model 4 and Model 14 in Macro Program Process 3.3. ResultsA total of 1 303 valid questionnaires were collected， yielding a valid response rate of 96.16%. The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that ASDS score was positively correlated with RRS score and PHQ-9 score （r=0.649， 0.528， P<0.01） among college students. The mediation analysis results demonstrated that rumination played a partial mediating role between acute stress response and depression， with the mediating effect value of 0.273 （95% CI：0.222~0.328）， accounting for 68.59% of the total effect. Perceived social support played a moderated role in the latter path of the mediation model （rumination → depression） （β=-0.004， 95% CI： -0.017~-0.004， P<0.01）. ConclusionRumination played a partial mediating role between acute stress response and depression in college students， and perceptive social support played a moderated role between rumination and depression. ［Funded by Scientific Research Fund Project of Education Department of Yunnan Province （number， 2025J0437）］