Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)is a common malignant tumor with insidious early symptoms and a poor prognosis.In traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),ESCC is classified as"ye ge."Drawing on clinical experience,we believe that kidney deficiency leads to the deficiency of vital qi and immune dysfunction,providing the foundation for cancerous growth by depleting qi and damaging essence,toxic stasis and stagnation,forming a local hypoxic and acidic microenvironment that promotes tumor invasion,metastasis,and recurrence.Considering the effect of modern comprehensive treatments,the occurrence and development of ESCC are summarized as kidney deficiency being the root cause and toxic stasis being the driving force.The pathogenesis and treatment of ESCC in the preoperative,postoperative,and non-surgical treatment stages are discussed.The pathogenesis of the disease is summarized as follows:preoperatively,toxicity and stasis intertwine,depleting the kidney;postoperatively,the kidney loses its vitality,allowing various pathogenic factors to persist;during non-operative treatment,vital qi and pathogens contend,resulting in entrenched toxicity.During the preoperative neoadjuvant phase,therapy should resolve stasis,eliminate toxins,enhance kidney function,tonify essence,and support the body.During the postoperative adjuvant phase,therapy should strengthen the root and consolidate the foundation while detoxifying and expelling stasis.The non-surgical treatment stage uses"balanced interruption,"targeting tumor progression and metastasis by harmonizing yin and yang,thus preventing recurrence.This article will provide insights into the integrative Chinese-Western management of ESCC.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)is a common malignant tumor with insidious early symptoms and a poor prognosis.In traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),ESCC is classified as"ye ge."Drawing on clinical experience,we believe that kidney deficiency leads to the deficiency of vital qi and immune dysfunction,providing the foundation for cancerous growth by depleting qi and damaging essence,toxic stasis and stagnation,forming a local hypoxic and acidic microenvironment that promotes tumor invasion,metastasis,and recurrence.Considering the effect of modern comprehensive treatments,the occurrence and development of ESCC are summarized as kidney deficiency being the root cause and toxic stasis being the driving force.The pathogenesis and treatment of ESCC in the preoperative,postoperative,and non-surgical treatment stages are discussed.The pathogenesis of the disease is summarized as follows:preoperatively,toxicity and stasis intertwine,depleting the kidney;postoperatively,the kidney loses its vitality,allowing various pathogenic factors to persist;during non-operative treatment,vital qi and pathogens contend,resulting in entrenched toxicity.During the preoperative neoadjuvant phase,therapy should resolve stasis,eliminate toxins,enhance kidney function,tonify essence,and support the body.During the postoperative adjuvant phase,therapy should strengthen the root and consolidate the foundation while detoxifying and expelling stasis.The non-surgical treatment stage uses"balanced interruption,"targeting tumor progression and metastasis by harmonizing yin and yang,thus preventing recurrence.This article will provide insights into the integrative Chinese-Western management of ESCC.

Objective: To understand the current situation and differences in physical activity among children and adolescents in different regions of China, so as to provide a scientific reference for promoting the level of overall physical activity promotion among children and adolescents in China. Methods: From June to December 2023, the student satisfaction assessment questionnaire for the national children and adolescents theme fitness activity "Run, Youth!" was conducted, which was administered via a combined online and offline questionnaire survey to explore 397 013 students participation in the "Run, Youth!" activity in 2023. Descriptive statistics, Logistic regression, and other approaches were utilized for data analysis. Results: There were notable disparities in the rates of children and adolescents meeting the physical activity standards among northeast China, northwest China, north China, east China, central China and southwest China (10.27%, 11.79%, 9.32%, 8.48%, 8.81%, 7.30%) ( χ 2=33.48, P <0.05). The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that rate of recommended level of physical activity among children in northwest China, boys, children aged 16-18, children in urban areas were relatively high ( OR =1.12, 1.68, 0.60, 1.88, P < 0.05 ). After adjusting for confounding factors, the results of binary Logistic regression analysis showed that there was an interactive effect relationship between the interaction of region, age, gender, and urban-rural distribution and physical activity among children and adolescents ( OR=0.51, P <0.01). Based on gender analysis, weekly physical activity duration of boys in each region surpassed that of girls; based on age analysis, except for the central and southwestern regions, weekly physical activity duration of children and adolescents gradually increased with age in other regions; based on the proportion of urban and rural areas, weekly physical activity duration of children and adolescents in urban areas across all regions exceeded that in rural areas. Conclusions The attainment rate of sufficient physical activity among children and adolescents in northwest China is the highest, and the differences between regions are not significant. The participation and level of physical activity of male students in each region surpass those of females and the attainment rate of physical activity of physical activity of urban children and adolescents is higher than that of those in rural areas.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sodium valproate in the prevention of epileptic seizure during the perioperative period in neurosurgical patients.Methods:The medical records in patients, who were treated with sodium valproate during perioperative period in Neurosurgery Department of Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University from March to June 2021, were collected and data including the basic information in patients, use of sodium valproate and the combination drugs, valproic acid blood concentration (reference range: 50-100 mg/L), and adverse reactions was recorded. The effects of the first intravenous dose of valproate and the combination drugs on the blood concentration of valproic acid and the efficacy and safety of sodium valproate in preventing epileptic seizure were analyzed.Results:A total of 107 patients were enrolled, including 48 males and 59 females, aged (54±13) years. The median total dose of sodium valproate administered intravenously was 5 600 mg (range: 800-17 600 mg), the median duration of intravenous therapy was 3 days (range: 1-10 days), and the blood concentration of valproic acid was (53.5±19.6) mg/L. The median hospital stay was 16 days (range: 6-49 days) and no patients had seizures during hospitalization. The first intravenous dose of sodium valproate was insufficient in 38.3% (41/107) of the patients and the valproic acid blood concentration and its compliance rate to the reference range in these patients were significantly lower than those in the patients with appropriate first intravenous dose [(43±21)mg/L vs. (60±16)mg/L, P<0.001; 22.0%(9/41) vs. 78.5% (51/65), P<0.001]. Carbapenems was used for 1 day in combination with sodium valproate in 6 patients, 3 of whom had the blood concentration that was lower than the reference range. However the difference in the blood concentration of valproic acid between patients with and without carbapenems use was not statistically significant[(43±26) mg/L vs. (54±19) mg/L, P=0.187]. In the 107 patients, a total of 60 adverse events occurred in 49 patients (45.8%), including hyperammonemia in 33 patients (30.8%), elevated activated partial thromboplastin time in 12 patients (11.7%), hypofibrinogenemia in 3 patients (2.9%), hyponatremia in 6 patients (5.6%), liver injury in 4 patients (3.7%), and kidney injury and thrombocytopenia in 1 patient (0.9%) each. The severity of adverse reactions was grade 1, 3, and 4 in 39, 9, and 1 patient, respectively. The incidence of serious adverse reactions of grade 3 and above was 9.3% (10/107). Of the 10 patients with serious adverse events, 7 had hyperammonemic encephalopathy, 2 had liver injury, and 1 had hyperammonemic encephalopathy and liver injury. One patient who developed grade 3 adverse reaction died due to primary disease (brain tumor with stroke). Conclusions:The use of sodium valproate during perioperative period in neurosurgery patients to prevent epileptic seizures is safe and effective in general, but adverse reactions such as elevated blood ammonia, liver injury, and coagulation dysfunction may occur. Insufficient first intravenous dose and concomitant use of carbapenems may affect the blood concentration of valproic acid, which should be paid attention to.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sodium valproate in the prevention of epileptic seizure during the perioperative period in neurosurgical patients.Methods:The medical records in patients, who were treated with sodium valproate during perioperative period in Neurosurgery Department of Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University from March to June 2021, were collected and data including the basic information in patients, use of sodium valproate and the combination drugs, valproic acid blood concentration (reference range: 50-100 mg/L), and adverse reactions was recorded. The effects of the first intravenous dose of valproate and the combination drugs on the blood concentration of valproic acid and the efficacy and safety of sodium valproate in preventing epileptic seizure were analyzed.Results:A total of 107 patients were enrolled, including 48 males and 59 females, aged (54±13) years. The median total dose of sodium valproate administered intravenously was 5 600 mg (range: 800-17 600 mg), the median duration of intravenous therapy was 3 days (range: 1-10 days), and the blood concentration of valproic acid was (53.5±19.6) mg/L. The median hospital stay was 16 days (range: 6-49 days) and no patients had seizures during hospitalization. The first intravenous dose of sodium valproate was insufficient in 38.3% (41/107) of the patients and the valproic acid blood concentration and its compliance rate to the reference range in these patients were significantly lower than those in the patients with appropriate first intravenous dose [(43±21)mg/L vs. (60±16)mg/L, P<0.001; 22.0%(9/41) vs. 78.5% (51/65), P<0.001]. Carbapenems was used for 1 day in combination with sodium valproate in 6 patients, 3 of whom had the blood concentration that was lower than the reference range. However the difference in the blood concentration of valproic acid between patients with and without carbapenems use was not statistically significant[(43±26) mg/L vs. (54±19) mg/L, P=0.187]. In the 107 patients, a total of 60 adverse events occurred in 49 patients (45.8%), including hyperammonemia in 33 patients (30.8%), elevated activated partial thromboplastin time in 12 patients (11.7%), hypofibrinogenemia in 3 patients (2.9%), hyponatremia in 6 patients (5.6%), liver injury in 4 patients (3.7%), and kidney injury and thrombocytopenia in 1 patient (0.9%) each. The severity of adverse reactions was grade 1, 3, and 4 in 39, 9, and 1 patient, respectively. The incidence of serious adverse reactions of grade 3 and above was 9.3% (10/107). Of the 10 patients with serious adverse events, 7 had hyperammonemic encephalopathy, 2 had liver injury, and 1 had hyperammonemic encephalopathy and liver injury. One patient who developed grade 3 adverse reaction died due to primary disease (brain tumor with stroke). Conclusions:The use of sodium valproate during perioperative period in neurosurgery patients to prevent epileptic seizures is safe and effective in general, but adverse reactions such as elevated blood ammonia, liver injury, and coagulation dysfunction may occur. Insufficient first intravenous dose and concomitant use of carbapenems may affect the blood concentration of valproic acid, which should be paid attention to.

OBJECTIVE: To screen the differentially expressed proteins at the early stage of K562 cells treated with meisoindigo by using tandem mass tags (TMT)-based proteomics technology, and to explore the mechanism for meisoindigo-inducing apoptosis. METHODS: The half inhibitory concentration (IC) of mesoindigo on K562 cells was determined by CCK8. The flow cytometry was used to assay the apoptosis of K562 cells treated by meisoindigo or DMSO. Total proteins were extracted from the cells treated with 0.2% DMSO (control) or 20 μmol/L meisoindigo (Test) for 2 hours. Then, the TMT-labeling HPLC-MS/MS was used to identify and quantify the peptides and their abundance, all the tests were repeated for 3 times. The Mascot software was used to identify the proteins; the GO annotations, enrichment and cluster analysis were used to analyze the differentially expressed proteins. RESULTS: Meisoindigo-induced K562 cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner (r=0.98), 5 544 proteins were identified, 4792 of which were quantified. The protein with expression difference>1.5-folds in Test group accoanted for 8, out of which the expression of 4 proteins were up-regulated and 4 were down-regulated. The differentially expressed proteins mainly associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS). CONCLUSION Several proteins including DDIT4 were found to have dramatic changes in the early stage of K562 cells treated with meisoindigo by using quantitative proteomics technology. The ROS metabolic process may play important roles in meisoindigo-inducing apoptosis of K562 cells.
Apoptosis ; Humans ; Indoles ; K562 Cells ; Proteomics ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

OBJECTIVETo investigate the therapeutic effect of reconstruction of facial defects with frontal expanded flaps bipedicled by superficial temple vessels and supraorbital/supratrochlear neurovascular bundles.

METHODSFrom June 2006 to Mar. 2013, the patients with mostly unilateral facial defects which affected temple area and crossed the facial midline, were treated with frontal expanded flaps. The expanders were implanted at first stage and the expanded frontal flaps were transferred at second stage. At third stage, pedicle division was performed and the pedicle skin tissue was used to repair the residue defect.

RESULTAll the 18 flaps survived completely with satisfactory color and texture. Good results were achieved during the follow-up period of one year.

CONCLUSIONThe bipedicled frontal expanded flap has a reliable blood supply which is very suitable for large facial defect.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Face ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Skin Transplantation ; methods ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To study clinical effects of lavage treatment for inflammatory breast diseases guided by color Doppler sonography.Methods The lesions of 63 patients with inflammatory breast diseases (30 of breast abscess,20 of plasma cell mastitis,13 of breast chronic sinus)were positioned by color Doppler sonography.Surgical debridement and lavage catheter treatment were performed under general anesthesia.Results 54 patients were healed by first intention,and they were satisfied with their breast shapes.4cases of mammary abscess,3cases of plasma cell mastitis and 2 cases of breast chronic sinus had relapse within half a month.Conclusions Color Doppler sonography guided lavage treatment of inflammatory breast diseases is simple with significant healing effect,fast recovery speed,less recurrence and high cure rate.The operation had little pain to patients and small hidden postoperative scar.The breast shapes are nice-looking.

A 33-year-old male patient with tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) was reviewed, who presented with severe neurological deficits following TBEV infection, and improved in his motor and quality of life after an individualized rehabilitation.

OBJECTIVE: In order provide important evidences for epidemiologic survey, clinical diagnosis, treatment and preservation of allergic diseases in this area, we investigate the distribution of the common allergens in allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma in Jingmen area and the sensitization condition of the major allergen house dust mite. METHOD: Four hundred and twenty-five patients with suspected allergic rhinitis and asthma in our area accepted skin prick tests of 10 standard allergen agents and specificity IgE detection. The different positivity ratios of allergens in different age groups were compared and the correlation between the two different technique methods testing the dust mite allergen was analyzed. RESULT: Among 425 patients with suspected allergic rhinitis and asthma in our area, 298 patients were positive and 89 patients suffered a combined allergic asthma. House dust mite (292 cases) and dermatophagoides farinae (289 cases) were the commonest allergens. The other common allergens were mugwort (45), ragweed (31), fungus I (19), fungus II (15), spring-pollen II (14), poly-animal hair (14), spring-pollen I (9), poly-feather (3). There was a correlation between skin test and sIgE test for house dust mite, dermatophagoides farinae in children group, and the positivity ratios were significantly higher than the adults group. CONCLUSION Dust mite is the most important allergen in allergic rhinitis and asthma in Jingmen.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Allergens ; analysis ; immunology ; Animals ; Asthma ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; immunology ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pyroglyphidae ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; immunology ; Skin Tests ; Young Adult