Objective: To explore the intervention effects of different exercise modalities on executive function in school aged children, providing references for formulating exercise prescriptions to promote school aged children executive function. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP and CBM to identify studies on the effects of exercises on executive function in school aged children. The search period spanned from the database inception to August 2025. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and evaluated the risk of bias of the included studies. Network Meta analysis was performed using Stata 16.0. Results: A total of 51 studies involving 5 710 school aged children and seven modalities of exercises(control group,small ball sports,large ball sports,aerobic exercise,combined exercise,sport game,gymnastic and dance sports) were finally included. Network Meta analysis showed that, in terms of inhibitory control development of school aged children, small ball sports ( SMD =-0.98,95% CI =-1.32 to -0.64 ), large ball sports ( SMD =-0.64,95% CI =-0.91 to -0.36), and mixed sports ( SMD =-0.26,95% CI =-0.50 to -0.02]) were more effective than the control group; in terms of working memory, largeball sports ( SMD =-1.26,95% CI =-1.88 to -0.65) and small ball sports ( SMD =-0.91,95% CI =-1.64 to -0.19) were superior to the control group; in terms of improving cognitive flexibility, large ball sports ( SMD =-1.02,95% CI =-1.28 to -0.76), gymnastics and dance sports ( SMD =-0.80,95% CI =-1.21 to -0.40), and small ball sports ( SMD =-0.75,95% CI =-1.15 to -0.36) were more effective than the control group (all P <0.05). Surface under cumulative ranking curve(SUCRA) showed that small ball sports had the highest value (SUCRA=98.9%) in improving inhibitory control, while large ball sports achieved the highest score(SUCRA=92.6%) in enhancing working memory, and large ball sports also had the highest value(SUCRA=94.7%) in promoting cognitive flexibility. Conclusions For developing inhibitory control in school aged children, small ball sports are recommended as a priority. For enhancing working memory and cognitive flexibility, large ball sports are recommended.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the methodological quality and reporting quality of published guidelines/consensuses on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）/integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine diagnosis and treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD）， and to provide a basis for formulating guidelines/consensuses on TCM/integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine diagnosis and treatment of NAFLD in the future. MethodsDatabases including PubMed， Embase， Web of Science， CNKI， Wanfang Data， and CBM and the websites of China Association of Chinese Medicine and China Association of Integrative Medicine were searched for related articles published up to September 1， 2024. Two clinical researchers independently assessed the methodological quality and reporting quality of the guidelines/consensuses on TCM/integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine diagnosis and treatment of NAFLD by using Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation Ⅱ （AGREE Ⅱ） and Reporting Items for Practice Guidelines in Healthcare （RIGHT）. ResultsA total of nine guidelines/consensuses were included after literature screening， with four guidelines and five expert consensuses. The scores of different domains assessed by AGREE Ⅱ for the nine guidelines/consensuses were as follows： scope and purpose （47.1%）， stakeholder involvement （41.0%）， rigor of development （21.6%）， clarity of presentation （40.2%）， applicability （19.0%）， and editorial independence （19.6%）. The recommendation level of the articles was B level （recommended after revision） for four articles and C level （not recommended） for five articles. The RIGHT assessment showed high reporting rates for “Basic Information” and “Background”， while other areas needed to be improved. Currently， there was no international standard for the guidelines/consensuses on TCM/integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine diagnosis and treatment of NAFLD， and the quality of these guidelines/consensuses needed to be enhanced to ensure comprehensiveness and credibility. ConclusionThere is still potential for improving the quality of guidelines/consensuses on TCM/integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine diagnosis and treatment of NAFLD， and AGREE Ⅱ and RIGHT checklists should be strictly followed to ensure the fairness， scientific rigor， and transparency of these guidelines/consensuses.

Objective Currently, there is no commercially available quantitative detection kit for the main Felis domestic allergen (Fel d 1) in China. To establish a rapid detection method for Fel d 1, this study aims to prepare monoclonal antibodies against Fel d 1 protein. Methods The codon preference of Escherichia coli was utilized to optimize and synthesize the Fel d 1 gene. The prokaryotic expression plasmid pET-28a-Fel d 1 was constructed and used to express and purify the recombinant Fel d 1 protein. Subsequently, the recombinant protein was immunized into BALB/c mice and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were prepared by the hybridoma technique. An indirect ELISA was established using the recombinant Fel d 1 as the coating antigen, and hybridoma cell lines were screened for positive clones. The specificity and antigenic epitopes of the mAbs were confirmed by Western blot analysis. Finally, the selected hybridoma cells were injected into the peritoneal cavities of BALB/c mice for large-scale monoclonal antibody production. Results The recombinant plasmid pET-28a-Fel d 1 was successfully constructed, and soluble Fel d 1 protein was obtained after optimizing the expression conditions. Western blot and antibody titer assays confirmed the successful isolation of two hybridoma cell lines, 7D11 and 5H4, which stably secreted mAbs specific to Fel d 1. Antibody characterization revealed that the 5H4 mAb was of the IgG2a subtype and could recognize the amino acid region 105-163 of Fel d 1, while the 7D11 mAb was the IgG1 subtype and could recognize the amino acid region 1-59. Conclusion The high-purity recombinant Fel d 1 protein produced in this study provides a promising alternative for clinical immunotherapy of cat allergies. Furthermore, the monoclonal antibody prepared in this experiment lays a material foundation for the in-depth study of the biological function of Fel d 1 and the development of ELISA detection.
Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/biosynthesis* ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Cats ; Mice ; Allergens/genetics* ; Glycoproteins/genetics* ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Hybridomas/immunology* ; Recombinant Proteins/genetics* ; Female ; Antibody Specificity

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a tumor characterized by immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and poor prognosis. Its complex immune evasion mechanisms are primarily related to T cell dysfunction and the suppression of anti-tumor immune responses. Immunotherapy aims to modulate the patient’s immune system to recognize and eliminate tumor cells, thereby achieving therapeutic goals. Studies have demonstrated that the TME plays a pivotal role in HNSCC pathogenesis, facilitating tumorigenesis, progression, and therapy resistance, ultimately contributing to adverse clinical outcomes. Advances in technology have deepened understanding of the TME, paving the way for novel therapeutic interventions in HNSCC. This review comprehensively summarizes the efficacy and safety of TME-targeted immunotherapies, integrating evidence from published clinical trials, while proposing insights for future research to develop more effective therapeutic strategies.

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of Femoral Artery Compression-Related Skin Complications Around the Puncture Site(FACR-SCAPS)in patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)undergoing transarterial chemoembolization(TACE).Methods A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted using convenience sampling.A total of 1 573 HCC patients who underwent TACE between April 2023 and October 2024 were recruited from interventional radiology departments,oncology units,and specialized centers across 10 hospitals in Beijing,Tianjin,Shandong,Hebei,Qinghai,and Inner Mongolia.Descriptive statistics,univariate analysis,and multivariate logistic regression were used to explore the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of FACR-SCAPS in this population.Results Among the 1 573 primary HCC patients undergoing TACE interventional therapy,FACR-SCAPS occurred in 28.99％(456/1 573),with a total of 476 complication instances recorded(30.26 per 100 patients).Patients with a single complication accounted for 96.93％,whereas those with multiple complications constituted 3.07％.The most prevalent types of complications were skin erythema,skin ecchymosis,and hard lumps formation,collectively accounting for 96.49％of all complications.Hematoma,blisters,and rupture complications collectively accounted for only 4.61％.Logistic regression analysis revealed that peak diastolic blood pressure during compression(OR=1.024,95％CI:1.013-1.035,P＜0.001),use of rotary compression hemostasis devices(OR=3.220,95％CI:2.120-4.891,P＜0.001),elevated PT-INR(OR=19.630,95％CI:6.039-63.810,P＜0.001),and anticoagulant use within the last three months(OR=1.909,95％CI:1.064-3.427,P=0.030)were significant influencing factors associated with FACR-SCAPS post-TACE.Conclusion FACR-SCAPS is commonly seen among primary HCC patients after TACE,its risk factors include peak diastolic blood pressure during compression,use of rotary compression devices,elevated PT-INR,and recent anticoagulant use.

Objective:To clarify the current status of mechanical ventilation management in critically ill patients and identify prognostic risk factors in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, thereby providing evidence for targeted training programs and quality improvement initiatives.Methods:A cohort study was conducted across multiple ICUs in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from January 31 to February 1, 2024. Patients receiving mechanical ventilation during the study period were enrolled, with clinical outcomes followed up until February 28, 2024. Statistical analyses included demographic characteristics, therapeutic interventions, laboratory parameters, and medication regimens.Results:A total of 77 ICUs and 727 patients were screened in the study, and 253 (34.80%) patients who received mechanical ventilation were ultimately included. Among these patients, 177 patients (69.96%) were treated in tertiary hospitals, and 76 patients (30.04%) in secondary hospitals. Significant differences were observed between tertiary and secondary hospitals regarding ventilator mode selection and mechanical ventilation parameter settings (all P<0.05). No significant differences were found in the 28-day mortality rate between tertiary hospitals and secondary hospitals (33.9% vs. 43.4%, P=0.194). Compared with patients in the survival group, death group patients were older and had more severe disease severity. Multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that body temperature ( HR=1.573, 95% CI: 1.173-2.110, P=0.003), white blood cell count ( HR=1.048, 95% CI: 1.012-1.084, P=0.008), pH ( HR=0.019, 95% CI: 0.001-0.349, P=0.007), age > 65 years ( HR=1.817, 95% CI: 1.086-3.041, P=0.023), and fraction of inspired oxygen ≥ 60% ( HR=2.072, 95% CI: 1.143-3.757, P=0.016) were independent influencing factors for 28-day mortality in mechanically ventilated patients. Conclusions:Mechanically ventilated patients are a major component of the ICU population in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, with the characteristics of high risk of death. The clinical practice of mechanical ventilation in this region is heterogeneous. In the future, it is urgent to strengthen the improvement of medical quality and related training to improve the success rate of patients with mechanical ventilation.

ObjectiveTo assess the quality of randomized controlled trials （RCTs） of compound traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） prescriptions in the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis （NASH）， and to provide recommendations for standardizing the design and reporting of RCTs in this field. MethodsDatabases such as PubMed， Web of Science， Embase， the Cochrane Library， CNKI， VIP， and Wanfang Data were searched for RCTs of compound TCM prescriptions in the treatment of NASH published from January 1， 2018 to December 31， 2023， and the articles were screened and assessed based on the Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment tool （RoB 2）， the unified standard for clinical trial reporting （CONSORT 2010）， and CONSORT-CHM Formulas 2017 for compound TCM prescriptions. ResultsA total of 45 articles were finally included， and most of these studies were rated as high-risk bias by RoB 2.0. The analysis based on the CONSORT control checklist showed a relatively low reporting rate for most of the key items regarding the quality of RCT studies. ConclusionA relatively large risk of bias is observed in the clinical studies on compound TCM prescriptions in the treatment of NASH published in the past six years， which may lead to the poor quality of reporting and evidence. It is suggested that the top-level design of clinical studies should be taken seriously in addition to investigating the advantages of TCM， so as to improve the quality of clinical studies.

Objective:By analyzing the relationship between the efficiency of traditional Chinese medicine services and the efficiency of comprehensive medical services in county-level traditional Chinese medicine hospitals in Shandong,it explores the path of coordinated development between traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine in traditional Chinese medicine hospitals,providing references for the high-quality development of county-level traditional Chinese medicine hospitals.Methods:The efficiency of traditional Chinese medicine services and comprehensive medical services in county-level traditional Chinese medicine hospitals in Shandong Province from 2019 to 2022 was analyzed by Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA),and the correlation was analyzed by Spearman correlation coefficient.Results:The efficiency of traditional Chinese medicine services in county-level traditional Chinese medicine hospitals in Shandong Province is lower than that of comprehensive medical services,and the scale return coefficient of traditional Chinese medicine category indicators is better than that of comprehensive category indicators.There is a positive correlation between the efficiency of traditional Chinese medicine services and the efficiency of comprehensive medical services.Conclusion:Traditional Chinese medicine hospitals should appropriately expand their investment in traditional Chinese medicine resources.Adhere to the hospital management model of traditional Chinese medicine services as the main focus,and build a coordinated development path between traditional Chinese and western medicine from both the supply and demand sides.

Objective:By analyzing the relationship between the efficiency of traditional Chinese medicine services and the efficiency of comprehensive medical services in county-level traditional Chinese medicine hospitals in Shandong,it explores the path of coordinated development between traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine in traditional Chinese medicine hospitals,providing references for the high-quality development of county-level traditional Chinese medicine hospitals.Methods:The efficiency of traditional Chinese medicine services and comprehensive medical services in county-level traditional Chinese medicine hospitals in Shandong Province from 2019 to 2022 was analyzed by Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA),and the correlation was analyzed by Spearman correlation coefficient.Results:The efficiency of traditional Chinese medicine services in county-level traditional Chinese medicine hospitals in Shandong Province is lower than that of comprehensive medical services,and the scale return coefficient of traditional Chinese medicine category indicators is better than that of comprehensive category indicators.There is a positive correlation between the efficiency of traditional Chinese medicine services and the efficiency of comprehensive medical services.Conclusion:Traditional Chinese medicine hospitals should appropriately expand their investment in traditional Chinese medicine resources.Adhere to the hospital management model of traditional Chinese medicine services as the main focus,and build a coordinated development path between traditional Chinese and western medicine from both the supply and demand sides.

Objective:By analyzing the relationship between the efficiency of traditional Chinese medicine services and the efficiency of comprehensive medical services in county-level traditional Chinese medicine hospitals in Shandong,it explores the path of coordinated development between traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine in traditional Chinese medicine hospitals,providing references for the high-quality development of county-level traditional Chinese medicine hospitals.Methods:The efficiency of traditional Chinese medicine services and comprehensive medical services in county-level traditional Chinese medicine hospitals in Shandong Province from 2019 to 2022 was analyzed by Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA),and the correlation was analyzed by Spearman correlation coefficient.Results:The efficiency of traditional Chinese medicine services in county-level traditional Chinese medicine hospitals in Shandong Province is lower than that of comprehensive medical services,and the scale return coefficient of traditional Chinese medicine category indicators is better than that of comprehensive category indicators.There is a positive correlation between the efficiency of traditional Chinese medicine services and the efficiency of comprehensive medical services.Conclusion:Traditional Chinese medicine hospitals should appropriately expand their investment in traditional Chinese medicine resources.Adhere to the hospital management model of traditional Chinese medicine services as the main focus,and build a coordinated development path between traditional Chinese and western medicine from both the supply and demand sides.