Approximately 300 million tons of plastic are produced globally each year,which has a serious impact on human health,marine life and the livestock industry.Microplastics have also been detected in meat and milk samples.Research has shown that nanoplastics(NP)(＜1 μm)and mi-croplastics(MP)(1 μm-5 mm)can affect the digestive,immune and reproductive systems of ani-mals.This experiment aims to investigate whether NP and MP regulate autophagy and damage the nervous system and spatial memory of animals.This experiment was divided into control group,nanoplastic group(PS-NP group,0.1 μm)and microplastic group(PS-MP group,1 μm),with 20 mice in each group.The mice were given 0.5 mL of PS-NP and PS-MP every day for 35 consecutive days,followed by neck amputation and brain analysis.The results showed that NPs and MPs of dif-ferent diameters caused varying degrees of damage to the brains of mice.In the behavioral tests of new object recognition,barnes maze and Y-shaped maze spatial memory,compared with the control group,the PS-NP group and PS-MP group showed a significant decrease in spatial memory ability of mice.HE staining results showed that neuronal cells in the PS-NP and PS-MP groups of mice exhibited shrinkage,decreased cell volume and deepened staining.The number of Nissl bodies de-creased,leading to dissolution and disappearance.RT-PCR and Western blot results showed that compared with the control group,the expression of glutamate receptors NR1,NR2A and NR2B in-creased in mice administered NP and MP orally,while the expression of autophagy related proteins Parkin,LC3B and Beclin1 was inhibited.In summary,this study suggests that nanoplastics and mi-croplastics stimulate glutamate receptors in mice by inhibiting the autophagy pathway,leading to impaired spatial memory.

Objective To investigate the risk factors influencing postoperative recurrence of abdominal wall endometriosis(AWE).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data of 225 AWE patients who underwent surgery between January 2015 and December 2021.The follow-up period ranged from 30 to 108 months(mean,62.2±23.3 months).There were 16 cases of recurrence and 209 cases of non-recurrence.Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were performed to identify factors associated with postoperative recurrence.Results Univariate analysis revealed that prior AWE resection history,preoperative VAS score,intraoperative lesion number,maximum diameter,and postoperative medication were significantly correlated with recurrence(P＜0.05).Multivariate logistic regression identified three independent risk factors for recurrence:prior AWE resection history(OR=4.082,95％ CI:1.019-16.354,P=0.047),multiple intraoperative lesions(OR=5.275,95％ CI:1.560-17.834,P=0.007),and absence of postoperative pharmacotherapy(OR=6.256,95％ CI:1.479-26.457,P=0.013).Conclusion Patients with a history of prior AWE excision,multiple lesions,or lack of postoperative pharmacotherapy are at higher risk of recurrence of AWE.

Abstract In recent years, the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents has risen rapidly, posing a serious threat to their physical and mental health. To provide scientific, systematic, and standardized weight management guidance for overweight and obese children and adolescents, the study focuses on the core concept of healthy lifestyle intervention, integrates multidisciplinary expert opinions and research findings,and proposes a comprehensive multidisciplinary intervention framework covering scientific exercise intervention, precise nutrition and diet, optimized sleep management, and standardized psychological support. It calls for the establishment of a multi agent collaborative management mechanism led by the government, implemented by families, fostered by schools, initiated by individuals, optimized by communities, reinforced by healthcare, and coordinated by multiple stakeholders. Emphasizing a child and adolescent centered approach, the consensus advocates for comprehensive, multi level, and personalized guidance strategies to promote the internalization and maintenance of a healthy lifestyle. It serves as a reference and provides recommendations for the effective prevention and control of overweight and obesity, and enhancing the health level of children and adolescents.

Objective:To construct the user personas of the patients who practice self-management home rehabilitation after lower limb bone transport by exploring their self-management experiences and needs in rehabilitation at home so as to provide targeted countermeasures for related medical staff.Methods:A purposive sampling method was employed to select the 21 patients who had undergone home rehabilitation after lower limb bone transport at Department of Orthopedic Trauma, Nanfang Hospital from September to December 2024. The cohort included 12 males and 9 females, with an age of (39.8±15.1) years. The phenomenological research method was used to conduct semi-structured interviews with this cohort. After the data from interviews were explored by the Colaizzi 7-step analysis to extract the factual labels, role dimension models were built, covering 3 dimensions: description, characteristics (basic, cognitive, behavioral, social support, and psychological adjustment characteristics) and needs.Results:All patients were interviewed. Four user personas were constructed, including self-awareness growth type (5 cases), emotional dependency-driven type (4 cases), risk-aversion procrastination type (7 cases), and management motivation-impaired type (5 cases). The patients of self-awareness growth type were 21 to 36 years old and received high school or university education, characterized by high self-efficacy, active measures to improve and maintain their state of rehabilitation, good management of negative emotions, and a low sense of stigma. The patients of emotional low-driven type were 42 to 74 years old and received their education in a primary school or junior high school, characterized by lack of independence, dependence on others for rehabilitation management, common management of negative emotions, low self-efficacy, and a strong sense of stigma. The patients of risk-aversion procrastination type were 33 to 56 years old and received their education in a junior or senior high school, characterized by a willingness to cooperate but insufficient motivation for rehabilitation management, an awareness of rehabilitation which was vulnerable to external factors, common management of negative emotions, low self-efficacy, and a strong sense of stigma. The patients of management motivation-impaired type were 51 to 61 years old, received primary school education or lower, characterized by insufficient knowledge and poor self-management behavior, constant failure to follow the prescribed rehabilitation exercises, poor management of negative emotions, low self-efficacy, and a low sense of stigma.Conclusion:The user personas we have constructed for the patients who practice self-management home rehabilitation after lower limb bone transport can help healthcare professionals with specific targeted interventions to enhance self-management efficacy to facilitate the rehabilitation process for the patients.

Approximately 300 million tons of plastic are produced globally each year,which has a serious impact on human health,marine life and the livestock industry.Microplastics have also been detected in meat and milk samples.Research has shown that nanoplastics(NP)(＜1 μm)and mi-croplastics(MP)(1 μm-5 mm)can affect the digestive,immune and reproductive systems of ani-mals.This experiment aims to investigate whether NP and MP regulate autophagy and damage the nervous system and spatial memory of animals.This experiment was divided into control group,nanoplastic group(PS-NP group,0.1 μm)and microplastic group(PS-MP group,1 μm),with 20 mice in each group.The mice were given 0.5 mL of PS-NP and PS-MP every day for 35 consecutive days,followed by neck amputation and brain analysis.The results showed that NPs and MPs of dif-ferent diameters caused varying degrees of damage to the brains of mice.In the behavioral tests of new object recognition,barnes maze and Y-shaped maze spatial memory,compared with the control group,the PS-NP group and PS-MP group showed a significant decrease in spatial memory ability of mice.HE staining results showed that neuronal cells in the PS-NP and PS-MP groups of mice exhibited shrinkage,decreased cell volume and deepened staining.The number of Nissl bodies de-creased,leading to dissolution and disappearance.RT-PCR and Western blot results showed that compared with the control group,the expression of glutamate receptors NR1,NR2A and NR2B in-creased in mice administered NP and MP orally,while the expression of autophagy related proteins Parkin,LC3B and Beclin1 was inhibited.In summary,this study suggests that nanoplastics and mi-croplastics stimulate glutamate receptors in mice by inhibiting the autophagy pathway,leading to impaired spatial memory.

Objective To investigate the risk factors influencing postoperative recurrence of abdominal wall endometriosis(AWE).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data of 225 AWE patients who underwent surgery between January 2015 and December 2021.The follow-up period ranged from 30 to 108 months(mean,62.2±23.3 months).There were 16 cases of recurrence and 209 cases of non-recurrence.Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were performed to identify factors associated with postoperative recurrence.Results Univariate analysis revealed that prior AWE resection history,preoperative VAS score,intraoperative lesion number,maximum diameter,and postoperative medication were significantly correlated with recurrence(P＜0.05).Multivariate logistic regression identified three independent risk factors for recurrence:prior AWE resection history(OR=4.082,95％ CI:1.019-16.354,P=0.047),multiple intraoperative lesions(OR=5.275,95％ CI:1.560-17.834,P=0.007),and absence of postoperative pharmacotherapy(OR=6.256,95％ CI:1.479-26.457,P=0.013).Conclusion Patients with a history of prior AWE excision,multiple lesions,or lack of postoperative pharmacotherapy are at higher risk of recurrence of AWE.

Objective:To construct the user personas of the patients who practice self-management home rehabilitation after lower limb bone transport by exploring their self-management experiences and needs in rehabilitation at home so as to provide targeted countermeasures for related medical staff.Methods:A purposive sampling method was employed to select the 21 patients who had undergone home rehabilitation after lower limb bone transport at Department of Orthopedic Trauma, Nanfang Hospital from September to December 2024. The cohort included 12 males and 9 females, with an age of (39.8±15.1) years. The phenomenological research method was used to conduct semi-structured interviews with this cohort. After the data from interviews were explored by the Colaizzi 7-step analysis to extract the factual labels, role dimension models were built, covering 3 dimensions: description, characteristics (basic, cognitive, behavioral, social support, and psychological adjustment characteristics) and needs.Results:All patients were interviewed. Four user personas were constructed, including self-awareness growth type (5 cases), emotional dependency-driven type (4 cases), risk-aversion procrastination type (7 cases), and management motivation-impaired type (5 cases). The patients of self-awareness growth type were 21 to 36 years old and received high school or university education, characterized by high self-efficacy, active measures to improve and maintain their state of rehabilitation, good management of negative emotions, and a low sense of stigma. The patients of emotional low-driven type were 42 to 74 years old and received their education in a primary school or junior high school, characterized by lack of independence, dependence on others for rehabilitation management, common management of negative emotions, low self-efficacy, and a strong sense of stigma. The patients of risk-aversion procrastination type were 33 to 56 years old and received their education in a junior or senior high school, characterized by a willingness to cooperate but insufficient motivation for rehabilitation management, an awareness of rehabilitation which was vulnerable to external factors, common management of negative emotions, low self-efficacy, and a strong sense of stigma. The patients of management motivation-impaired type were 51 to 61 years old, received primary school education or lower, characterized by insufficient knowledge and poor self-management behavior, constant failure to follow the prescribed rehabilitation exercises, poor management of negative emotions, low self-efficacy, and a low sense of stigma.Conclusion:The user personas we have constructed for the patients who practice self-management home rehabilitation after lower limb bone transport can help healthcare professionals with specific targeted interventions to enhance self-management efficacy to facilitate the rehabilitation process for the patients.

Pyroptosis is a programmed death of inflammatory cells triggered by pathogen invasion,dependent on caspase activation,through both classical and non-classical pyroptosis pathways.Cell pyroptosis is related to the occurrence and development of a variety of animal infectious diseases caused by microbial infection.After microorganisms invading,cells are stimulated by pathology-re-lated molecular patterns,causing strong immune response,stimulating inflammatory signaling pathways,and then activating inflammasome,leading to pyroptosis.The immune system has e-volved multiple mechanisms to fight microbial infections and regulate inflammatory responses.The innate immune system,by recognizing microbial molecules in pathogens and responding quickly by producing inflammasome and activating pyroptosis,helps clear pathogens to prevent infection and maintain the normal functioning of the body.A thorough study of the pathogenesis and immune es-cape mechanism of cell pyroptosis in animal infectious diseases will provide a new direction for the treatment of animal infectious diseases.

Objective To understand the real experience of kinesiophobia in patients after bone transport technique,providing references for taking targeted nursing interventions to alleviate kinesiophobia of patients.Methods Purposive sampling method was employed to select 15 patients who underwent bone transport technique in the Department of Traumatic Orthopedics in a tertiary A hospital in Guangdong Province from October to December 2023 as the research subjects.Phenomenological research method was utilized to conduct semi-structured interviews with the patients,and Colaizzi 7-step analysis method was applied for data analysis and theme extraction.Results A total of 3 themes and 11 sub-themes were extracted,including the existence of negative psychological experience(fear and concern regarding exercise,excessive alarm in response to pain,helplessness and sadness about the change of life,persistent reflection on past experiences,anxiety and confusion about the future),facing the dilemma of physiological symptoms(pain and discomfort,fatigue and disturbed sleep),taking diversified coping approaches(selecting avoidance strategies,conducting self-adjustment,seeking kinesiophobia related knowledge and exercise guidance,acquiring social support).Conclusion The experience of kinesiophobia in patients after bone transport technique is complex and varied.Medical and nursing staff should prioritize the psychological relief of patients after bone transport technique,pay attention to the assessment and management of kinesiophobia related symptom,provide professional guidance and assist with multi-dimensional support to help patients reduce the experience of kinesiophobia and promote recovery of patients.

Objective:To construct an interactive health care participation program for patients undergoing lower limb bone transport based on the interactive patient participation safety theory framework and the Patient Health Engagement model.Methods:From August to November 2022, through literature review and interviews with patients undergoing lower limb bone transport, a preliminary draft of the interactive health care participation program was developed based on the interactive patient participation safety theory framework and the Patient Health Engagement model. The Delphi method was used to conduct two rounds of consultations with 25 experts to screen and revise the program items.Results:The expert positive coefficients for the two rounds of expert consultations were 92.00% (23/25) and 100.00% (23/23). The authority coefficient was 0.913, and the Kendall's W coefficients for consistency were 0.127 and 0.140 ( P<0.01). The final program included three primary items, 22 secondary items, and 65 tertiary items. Conclusions:The interactive health care participation program for patients undergoing lower limb bone transport constructed in this study is both scientific and practical, can provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for patient engagement in health care.