Gadopiclenol was used in adults and pediatric patients 2 years of age and older during magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)to detect and view lesions of the central nervous system(brain,spine,and associated tissues)and body(head and neck,chest,abdomen,pelvis,and musculoskeletal system)with abnormal vascular properties.Gadopiclenol is a new type of macrocyclic gadolinium-based contrast agent(GBCA).In this article,the molecular structure,principle of action,pharmacodynamics,pharmacokinetics,clinical studies,safety and other aspects of Gadopiclenol were reviewed,in order to introduce the current research status and existing achievements of Gadopiclenol.

On May 27,2021,the U.S.Food and Drug Administration(FDA)officially approved Lantheus'PYLARIFY?(Piflufolastat F 18,18 F-labeled imaging agent),which can be used for positron emission computed tomography(PET)of prostate-specific membrane antigen(PSMA)-positive lesions in prostate cancer patients to accurately identify prostate cancer with suspected metastasis or recurrence.Piflufolastat F 18 is approved by FDA for two indications.The first is the initial staging for suspected metastatic lesions in men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer.The second is restaging,with the goal of identifying lesions in the setting of biochem ical recurrence.

Objective·To assess the levels of pregnancy-related stress,pre-pregnancy health care behaviors,and coping styles among pregnant women,analyze the influencing factors of pregnancy stress and provide insights for the management of pregnancy health in expectant mothers.Methods·A total of 265 pregnant women receiving treatment at the Obstetrics Clinic of the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University from April to August 2022 were included as participants.General information questionnaires,pre-pregnancy health care behavior questionnaires,pregnancy stress scales and simple coping style questionnaires were utilized for data collection.After obtaining the consent of the patients,assessments on pregnancy stress levels,pre-pregnancy health care behaviors,and coping styles were conducted.Results·The overall average score for pregnancy stress among pregnant women was 1.05±0.41.Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that age,number of pregnancies,history of threatened abortion,fetal gender expectations,attending prenatal education classes or reviewing relevant manuals significantly influenced pregnancy-related stresses(P<0.05).The score of pre-pregnancy health care behavior was 10.09±2.63 with proportions indicating high-level,medium-level,and low-level adherence at 17.36%,54.34%,and 28.30%.In pregnant women,the total score for coping styles was 27.22±9.68,with a positive coping dimension score of 17.79±9.84 and a negative coping dimension score of 9.42±7.39.Pearson correlation analyses demonstrated a negative association between pregnancy-related stresses and pre-pregnancy health care behaviors(r=-0.313,P<0.01),and a negative correlation between pregnancy-related stresses and coping styles(r=-0.163,P<0.01),while a positive relationship existed between pre-pregnancy health care behaviors and coping styles(r=0.220,P<0.01).Conclusion·Pregnant women experience moderate levels of pressure during their pregnancies and have suboptimal engagement in preconceptional healthcare practices.Nursing staff should intensify efforts towards disseminating knowledge on preconceptional healthcare practices,thereby empowering women of childbearing age to actively acquire pertinent reproductive-health knowledge prior to conception so that minimizing adverse maternal-infant outcomes,optimizing maternal-infant healthcare strategies,and enhancing overall well-being can be achieved through these measures.

Objective To study the trend of stroke mortality in Minhang District,Shanghai from 2012 to 2022 and to predict stroke mortality from 2023 to 2027.Methods Annual percentage change(APC)of stroke deaths in Minhang District,Shanghai from 2012 to 2022 was calculated,and then Joinpoint linear regression model was used to analyze the time trend of stroke deaths.A grey GM(1,1)model was constructed based on the stroke mortality rate in Minhang District,Shanghai from 2012 to 2022.The model was used to predict and analyze the stroke mortality rate in Minhang District,Shanghai from 2023 to 2027.The fitting effect of the model was evaluated using relative error and grade deviation.Results From 2012 to 2022,the overall mortality rate of stroke in Minhang District,Shanghai was on the rise for both males and females(total population:APC=2.50%,P<0.001;male:APC=3.41%,P<0.001;female:APC=1.46%,P=0.008).The grey GM(1,1)model was used to predict the increasing trend of stroke mortality rate in Minhang District from 2023 to 2027.The crude mortality rate of stroke in the entire population in 2027 would be 97.55/100000,with 112.31/100000 for males and 83.33/100000 for females.The fitting effect of the model was tested and evaluated to meet high requirements.Conclusion In the past decade,the mortality rate of stroke in Minhang District,Shanghai has shown a significant upward trend.The 5-year prediction results showed that the mortality rate will still on the rise year by year.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)is the predominant type of oral cancer,while some patients may develop oral multiple primary cancers(MPCs)with unclear etiology.This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and genomic alterations of oral MPCs.Clinicopathological data from patients with oral single primary carcinoma(SPC,n=202)and oral MPCs(n=34)were collected and compared.Copy number alteration(CNA)analysis was conducted to identify chromosomal-instability differences among oral MPCs,recurrent OSCC cases,and OSCC patients with lymph node metastasis.Whole-exome sequencing was employed to identify potential unique gene mutations in oral MPCs patients.Additionally,CNA and phylogenetic tree analyses were used to gain preliminary insights into the molecular characteristics of different primary tumors within individual patients.Our findings revealed that,in contrast to oral SPC,females predominated the oral MPCs(70.59%),while smoking and alcohol use were not frequent in MPCs.Moreover,long-term survival outcomes were poorer in oral MPCs.From a CNA perspective,no significant differences were observed between oral MPCs patients and those with recurrence and lymph node metastasis.In addition to commonly mutated genes such as CASP8,TP53 and MUC16,in oral MPCs we also detected relatively rare mutations,such as HS3ST6 and RFPL4A.Furthermore,this study also demonstrated that most MPCs patients exhibited similarities in certain genomic regions within individuals,and distinct differences of the similarity degree were observed between synchronous and metachronous oral MPCs.

Abstract Allergic diseases can occur in all systems of the body, covering the whole life cycle, from children to adults and to old age, can be lifelong onset and even fatal in severe cases. Children account for the largest proportion of the victims of allergic disease, Children s allergies start from scratch, ranging from mild to severe, from less to more, from single to multiple systems and systemic performance, so the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases in children is of great importance, which can not only prevent high risk allergic conditions from developing into allergic diseases, but also further block the process of allergy. At present, there is no consensus on the management system of allergic children in kindergartens and primary schools. The "Consensus on Allergy Management and Prevention in Kindergartens and Primary Schools", which includes the organizational structure, system construction and management of allergic children, provides evidence informed recommendations for the long term comprehensive management of allergic children in kindergartens and primary schools, and provides a basis for the establishment of the prevention system for allergic children.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm(BPDCN). METHODS: The clinical features, bone marrow morphology and immunophenotyping, treatment and prognosis of 4 patients with BPDCN were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: 4 patients had bone marrow， spleen and lymph nodes involvement， 2 patients had skin lesions， and 3 patients had central nervous system infiltration． Tailing phenomenon of abnormally cells could be seen in bone marrow. The immunophenotyping showed that CD56, CD4 and CD123 expression was observed in 4 patients， and CD304 in 3 patients． One patient refused chemotherapy and died early. Both patients achieved complete remission after the initial treatment with DA+VP regimen, 1 of them achieved complete remission after recurrence by using the same regimen again． One patient failed to respond to reduced dose of DA+VP chemotherapy, and then achieved complete remission with venetoclax+azacitidine. CONCLUSION The malignant cells in BPDCN patients often infiltrate bone marrow, spleen and lymph nodes, and have specical phenotypes, with poor prognosis. The treatment should take into account both myeloid and lymphatic systems. The treatment containing new drugs such as BCL-2 inhibitors combined with demethylation drugs is worth trying.
Humans ; Dendritic Cells ; Retrospective Studies ; Skin Neoplasms/pathology* ; Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use* ; Bone Marrow/pathology* ; Myeloproliferative Disorders ; Hematologic Neoplasms/drug therapy*

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a highly malignant and heterogeneous brain tumor, contains various types of tumor and non-tumor cells. Whether GBM cells can trans-differentiate into non-neural cell types, including mural cells or endothelial cells (ECs), to support tumor growth and invasion remains controversial. Here we generated two genetic GBM models de novo in immunocompetent mouse brains, mimicking essential pathological and molecular features of human GBMs. Lineage-tracing and transplantation studies demonstrated that, although blood vessels in GBM brains underwent drastic remodeling, evidence of trans-differentiation of GBM cells into vascular cells was barely detected. Intriguingly, GBM cells could promiscuously express markers for mural cells during gliomagenesis. Furthermore, single-cell RNA sequencing showed that patterns of copy number variations (CNVs) of mural cells and ECs were distinct from those of GBM cells, indicating discrete origins of GBM cells and vascular components. Importantly, single-cell CNV analysis of human GBM specimens also suggested that GBM cells and vascular cells are likely separate lineages. Rather than expansion owing to trans-differentiation, vascular cell expanded by proliferation during tumorigenesis. Therefore, cross-lineage trans-differentiation of GBM cells is very unlikely to occur during gliomagenesis. Our findings advance understanding of cell lineage dynamics during gliomagenesis, and have implications for targeted treatment of GBMs.
Mice ; Animals ; Humans ; Glioblastoma/pathology* ; Endothelial Cells/pathology* ; DNA Copy Number Variations ; Brain/metabolism* ; Brain Neoplasms/pathology*

Objective: To investigate the clinical presentation and genetic characteristics of malignant infantile osteopetrosis. Methods: This was a retrospective case study. Thirty-seven children with malignant infantile osteopetrosis admitted into Beijing Children's Hospital from January 2013 to September 2022 were enrolled in this study. According to the gene mutations, the patients were divided into the CLCN7 group and the TCIRG1 group. Clinical characteristics, laboratory tests, and prognosis were compared between two groups. Wilcoxon test or Fisher exact test were used in inter-group comparison. The survival rate was estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method and the Log-Rank test was used to compare the difference in survival between groups. Results: Among the 37 cases, there were 22 males and 15 females. The age of diagnosis was 0.5 (0.2, 1.0) year. There were 13 patients (35%) and 24 patients (65%) with mutations in CLCN7 and TCIRGI gene respectively. Patients in the CLCN7 group had an older age of diagnosis than those in the TCIRGI group (1.2 (0.4, 3.6) vs. 0.4 (0.2, 0.6) years, Z=-2.60, P=0.008). The levels of serum phosphorus (1.7 (1.3, 1.8) vs. 1.1 (0.8, 1.6) mmol/L, Z=-2.59, P=0.010), creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) (457 (143, 610) vs. 56 (37, 82) U/L, Z=-3.38, P=0.001) and the level of neutrophils (14.0 (9.9, 18.1) vs. 9.2 (6.7, 11.1) ×10⁹/L, Z=-2.07, P=0.039) at diagnosis were higher in the CLCN7 group than that in the TCIRG1 group. However, the level of D-dimer in the CLCN7 group was lower than that in the TCIRGI group (2.7 (1.0, 3.1) vs. 6.3 (2.5, 9.7) μg/L, Z=2.83, P=0.005). After hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, there was no significant difference in 5-year overall survival rate between the two groups (92.3%±7.4% vs. 83.3%±7.6%, χ²=0.56, P=0.456). Conclusions: TCIRGI gene mutations are more common in children with osteopetrosis. Children with TCIRGI gene mutations have younger age, lower levels of phosphorus, CK-MB, and neutrophils and higher level of D-dimer at the onset. After hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, patients with CLCN7 or TCIRGI gene mutations have similar prognosis.
Child ; Male ; Female ; Humans ; Osteopetrosis/therapy* ; Retrospective Studies ; Prognosis ; Genes, Recessive ; Phosphorus ; Chloride Channels/genetics* ; Vacuolar Proton-Translocating ATPases/genetics*

Objective: To study the incidence of bloodstream infections, pathogen distribution, and antibiotic resistance profile in patients with hematological malignancies. Methods: From January 2018 to December 2021, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics, pathogen distribution, and antibiotic resistance profiles of patients with malignant hematological diseases and bloodstream infections in the Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University. Results: A total of 582 incidences of bloodstream infections occurred in 22,717 inpatients. From 2018 to 2021, the incidence rates of bloodstream infections were 2.79%, 2.99%, 2.79%, and 2.02%, respectively. Five hundred ninety-nine types of bacteria were recovered from blood cultures, with 487 (81.3%) gram-negative bacteria, such as Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Eighty-one (13.5%) were gram-positive bacteria, primarily Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Enterococcus faecium, whereas the remaining 31 (5.2%) were fungi. Enterobacteriaceae resistance to carbapenems, piperacillin/tazobactam, cefoperazone sodium/sulbactam, and tigecycline were 11.0%, 15.3%, 15.4%, and 3.3%, with a descending trend year on year. Non-fermenters tolerated piperacillin/tazobactam, cefoperazone sodium/sulbactam, and quinolones at 29.6%, 13.3%, and 21.7%, respectively. However, only two gram-positive bacteria isolates were shown to be resistant to glycopeptide antibiotics. Conclusions: Bloodstream pathogens in hematological malignancies were broadly dispersed, most of which were gram-negative bacteria. Antibiotic resistance rates vary greatly between species. Our research serves as a valuable resource for the selection of empirical antibiotics.
Humans ; Bacteremia/epidemiology* ; Cefoperazone ; Sulbactam ; Retrospective Studies ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; Sepsis ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology* ; Gram-Negative Bacteria ; Gram-Positive Bacteria ; Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination ; Escherichia coli