Abnormal expression of CMTM4 protein is closely related to tumour occurrence,development and prognosis.Although the important role of CMTM4 in tumours has been gradually manifested,its spe-cific mechanism of action in cervical cancer remains unclear.The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between CMTM4 expression and clinicopathological features in cervical cancer and study its mechanism.Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to detect the expression level of CMTM4 in cancer tissues and paracancerous tissues,and it was found that CMTM4 was significantly under-ex-pressed in cervical cancer tissues(P＜0.001).The chi-square test analysed the relationship between high and low CMTM4 expression and the clinical and pathological characteristics of cervical cancer pa-tients and results found that CMTM4 expression was correlated with the number of births,HPV infection status,pathological type,FIGO stage and lymph node metastasis.Data from Western blot and RT-qPCR found that CMTM4 protein and mRNA levels in HaCaT cells were significantly higher than that of C-33A cells,HeLa cells,U14 cells,and HT-3 cells.Among them,the most significant change in CMTM4 ex-pression was observed in C-33A cells,so the C-33A cell line was selected for subsequent overexpression experiments.CCK-8 analysis found that the proliferation ability of C-33A cervical cancer cells in the pcDNA-CMTM4 group was significantly lower than that in the pcDNA-NC group(P＜0.001).Flow cy-tometry and Western blot results indicated that CMTM4 overexpression promoted apoptosis(P＜0.001),significantly increased Bax(P＜0.001)and cleaved caspase 3(P＜0.05)protein levels,and significant-ly decreased Bcl-2 protein level(P＜0.01).Western blot results further found that CMTM4 overexpres-sion significantly reduced the protein levels of p-PI3K(P＜0.001)and p-AKT(P＜0.01),but did not affect the protein levels of PI3K and AKT(P＞0.05).The above findings indicated that CMTM4 gene expression was down-regulated in cervical cancer,and CMTM4 overexpression inhibited cervical cancer cell proliferation and induced apoptosis by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT pathway.Therefore,CMTM4 may be used as a biological marker for screening cervical cancer.

OBJECTIVE:To review the development trend,target population,setting and construction process of osteoporosis-specific quality of life measures both domestically and internationally.METHODS:All of the currently available publicly available osteoporosis-specific quality-of-life scales were found by searching the PubMed,Embase,CNKI,and WanFang Data.The search period included the time from database construction to August 2024.The basic information,development trend,target population,and the setting of the scale's dimensions,entries,and levels were taken from the original research and development literature that included the scale.The content of the dimensions and the scale's construction process were then compiled and examined.RESULTS:A total of 20 osteoporosis-specific quality of life scales were included in the study,and the literature on the development of 34 scales was traced.The number of dimensions of the included scales ranged from 2-7 dimensions,all of which included physiological dimensions;the number of entries of the scales ranged from 10-84 entries,while the number of levels set under the entries was mostly focused on four or five levels.There are three main ways of constructing the scales,of which the construction of a pool of entries and the screening of the entries according to classical measurement theory and item response theory is an approach that has emerged in recent years.CONCLUSION:According to the specific target population and diversified measurement objectives,the content of osteoporosis-specific quality of life scales has become increasingly streamlined,with fewer dimensions and entries overall;and its building procedure is gradually becoming more standardized.

OBJECTIVE:To review the development trend,target population,setting and construction process of osteoporosis-specific quality of life measures both domestically and internationally.METHODS:All of the currently available publicly available osteoporosis-specific quality-of-life scales were found by searching the PubMed,Embase,CNKI,and WanFang Data.The search period included the time from database construction to August 2024.The basic information,development trend,target population,and the setting of the scale's dimensions,entries,and levels were taken from the original research and development literature that included the scale.The content of the dimensions and the scale's construction process were then compiled and examined.RESULTS:A total of 20 osteoporosis-specific quality of life scales were included in the study,and the literature on the development of 34 scales was traced.The number of dimensions of the included scales ranged from 2-7 dimensions,all of which included physiological dimensions;the number of entries of the scales ranged from 10-84 entries,while the number of levels set under the entries was mostly focused on four or five levels.There are three main ways of constructing the scales,of which the construction of a pool of entries and the screening of the entries according to classical measurement theory and item response theory is an approach that has emerged in recent years.CONCLUSION:According to the specific target population and diversified measurement objectives,the content of osteoporosis-specific quality of life scales has become increasingly streamlined,with fewer dimensions and entries overall;and its building procedure is gradually becoming more standardized.

Abnormal expression of CMTM4 protein is closely related to tumour occurrence,development and prognosis.Although the important role of CMTM4 in tumours has been gradually manifested,its spe-cific mechanism of action in cervical cancer remains unclear.The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between CMTM4 expression and clinicopathological features in cervical cancer and study its mechanism.Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to detect the expression level of CMTM4 in cancer tissues and paracancerous tissues,and it was found that CMTM4 was significantly under-ex-pressed in cervical cancer tissues(P＜0.001).The chi-square test analysed the relationship between high and low CMTM4 expression and the clinical and pathological characteristics of cervical cancer pa-tients and results found that CMTM4 expression was correlated with the number of births,HPV infection status,pathological type,FIGO stage and lymph node metastasis.Data from Western blot and RT-qPCR found that CMTM4 protein and mRNA levels in HaCaT cells were significantly higher than that of C-33A cells,HeLa cells,U14 cells,and HT-3 cells.Among them,the most significant change in CMTM4 ex-pression was observed in C-33A cells,so the C-33A cell line was selected for subsequent overexpression experiments.CCK-8 analysis found that the proliferation ability of C-33A cervical cancer cells in the pcDNA-CMTM4 group was significantly lower than that in the pcDNA-NC group(P＜0.001).Flow cy-tometry and Western blot results indicated that CMTM4 overexpression promoted apoptosis(P＜0.001),significantly increased Bax(P＜0.001)and cleaved caspase 3(P＜0.05)protein levels,and significant-ly decreased Bcl-2 protein level(P＜0.01).Western blot results further found that CMTM4 overexpres-sion significantly reduced the protein levels of p-PI3K(P＜0.001)and p-AKT(P＜0.01),but did not affect the protein levels of PI3K and AKT(P＞0.05).The above findings indicated that CMTM4 gene expression was down-regulated in cervical cancer,and CMTM4 overexpression inhibited cervical cancer cell proliferation and induced apoptosis by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT pathway.Therefore,CMTM4 may be used as a biological marker for screening cervical cancer.

Objective:This study aimed to investigate the association between early immune reconstitution and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) reactivation by analyzing changes in natural killer (NK), B, and T cells and their functional status in the peripheral blood during the early post-transplant period.Methods:This study included 23 patients who underwent haplo-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The immune reconstitution of NK cells, T cells, and B cells as well as the expression levels of NK and T cell exhaustion markers (PD-1, TIM-3, and CTLA-4) and cytotoxic function at 1, 2, and 3 months post-transplantation were compared between patients with EBV activation (EBV+ group) and those without activation (EBV- group) post- transplantation.Results:EBV activation occurred in nine patients post-transplantation (EBV+ group), whereas 14 patients demonstrated no activation (EBV- group). All patients with EBV activation exhibited EBV viremia, and no EBV-associated diseases occurred. No significant differences in the clinical characteristics were found between the two groups of patients. The median proportion of CD3 +CD8 + T cells in the EBV+ group was significantly lower than that in the EBV- group at 1 month post-transplantation ( P=0.033). The median proportion of the CD3 -CD16 negCD56 bri subset in the EBV+ group was significantly higher than that in the EBV- group at 2 months post-transplantation ( P=0.046). No significant differences in the median proportions of CD3 -CD19 + B cells were observed between the two groups at 1, 2, and 3 months post-transplantation. The expression of CTLA-4 on CD3 -CD16 briCD56 dim NK cells in the EBV+ group was significantly higher than that in the EBV- group at 1 month post-transplantation ( P=0.033). The expression of TIM-3 on CD3 +CD8 + T cells in the EBV+ group was significantly higher than that in the EBV- group ( P=0.009). The expression level of TIM-3 on CD3 -CD16 negCD56 dim NK cells in the EBV+ group was significantly lower than that in the EBV- group at 2 months post-transplantation ( P=0.023). The expression levels of TIM-3 on CD3 +CD4 + T cells in the EBV+ group than those in the EBV- group at 1 and 3 months post-transplantation ( P=0.002, P=0.043). The median positive rate of Granzyme B expression in CD3 +CD8 + T cells and CD3 +CD4 + T cells in the EBV+ group was significantly lower than that in the EBV- group at 1-month post-transplantation ( P=0.033, P=0.016). The median positive rate of Granzyme B expression in the CD3 -CD16 briCD56 neg cell subset in the EBV+ group was higher than that in the EBV- group at 2 months post-transplantation ( P=0.012). The median positive rate of Granzyme B expression in CD3 +CD4 + T cells in the EBV+ group remained significantly lower than that in the EBV- group at 2 months post-transplantation ( P=0.049). The median positive rate of perforin expression in the CD3 -CD16 briCD56 dim cell subset was significantly higher in the EBV+ group than in the EBV- group at 3 months post-transplantation ( P=0.003). The median positive rate of IFN-γ expression in CD3 +CD8 + T cells in the EBV+ group was significantly lower than that in the EBV- group at 3 months post-transplantation ( P=0.036) . Conclusion:Delayed NK cell and T lymphocyte reconstitution, high exhaustion marker expression, and weakened cytotoxic functions may be related to EBV reactivation after haploidentical HSCT.

A 5-year-old girl was admitted due to one episode of melena and one episode of hematemesis.Upon admission,gastroscopy revealed esophageal and gastric varices.Abdominal CT scan,MRI,and color Doppler ultrasound suggested cirrhosis,intrahepatic bile duct dilation,and bilateral kidney enlargement.Genetic testing identified compound heterozygous mutations in the PKHD1 gene:c.2264C>T(p.Pro755Leu)and c.1886T>C(p.Val629Ala).The c.2264C>T(p.Pro755Leu)mutation is a known pathogenic variant with previous reports,while c.1886T>C(p.Val629Ala)is a novel mutation predicted to have pathogenic potential according to Mutation Taster and PolyPhen2.The child was diagnosed with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease.In children presenting with gastrointestinal bleeding without obvious causes,particularly those with liver or kidney disease,consideration should be given to the possibility of autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease,and genetic testing should be conducted for definitive diagnosis when necessary.

Objective:To investigate the incidence of PTPN11 gene mutation and its associated gene mutations in adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia(AML),and analyze its clinical characteristics.Methods:Second-generation sequencing and Sanger sequencing were used to detect 51 gene mutations,and multiplex-PCR was used to detect 41 fusion genes from 451 newly diagnosed adult AML patients admitted to Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University,Changzhou Second People's Hospital,Wuxi People's Hospital and Wuxi Second People's Hospital from January 2017 to July 2022.Results:Among 451 primary adult AML patients,the PTPN11 gene mutation was detected in 34 cases,and the mutation rate was 7.5％.In the 34 patients,37 PTPN11 alterations were found,which were exclusively missense mutations affecting residues located within the N-SH2(31 cases)and PTP(6 cases)domains and clustered overwhelmingly in exon 3.The platelet count of PTPN11 mutation patients was 76.5(23.5,119.0)× 109/L,which was significantly higher than 41.0(22.0,82.5)×109/L of wild-type patients(P＜0.05).While,there were no significant differences in sex,age,peripheral white blood cell count,hemoglobin,and bone marrow blast between PTPN11 mutation and wild-type patients(P＞0.05).In FAB subtypes,PTPN11 mutations were mainly distributed in M5,followed by M2 and M4,less frequently in M3 and M6.There was no significant difference in the distribution of FAB subtypes between PTPN11 mutation and wild-type patients(P＞0.05).A total of 118 AML patients were detected positive fusion gene,among which patients with PTPN11 mutations had a higher incidence of positive MLL-AF6 than wild-type ones(P＜0.01).97.1％of 34 patients with PTPN11 mutations were accompanied by other mutations,in descending order,they were respectively NPM1(38.2％),NRAS(32.4％),FLT3-ITD(32.4％),DNMT3A(32.4％)and KRAS(23.5％),etc.Conclusion:PTPN11 mutation has a certain incidence in AML patients and is clustered overwhelmingly in exon 3.ALL of them are exclusively missense mutations,and most often present in conjunction with NPM1 mutations.FAB typing of PTPN11 mutation is mostly manifested as M5 subtype,which is associated with higher platelet counts.

Objective:To establish a model to predict the overall survival(OS)rate of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL)based on systemic inflammatory indicators,and study whether the new model combined with inflammatory related parameters is more effective than the conventional model using only clinical factors to predict the OS of patients with DLBCL.Methods:The clinical data of 213 patients with DLBCL were analyzed retrospectively.Backward stepwise Cox regression analysis was used to screen independent prognostic factors related to OS,and a nomogram for predicting OS was constructed based on these factors.Akaike information criterion(AIC)and Bayesian information criterion(BIC)were used to evaluate the fitting of the model,the consistency index(C-index),area under receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve(AUC)and calibration curve were used to evaluate the prediction accuracy of nomogram,and decision curve analysis(DCA)and Kaplan Meier curve were used to evaluate the clinical practicability of nomogram.Results:Multivariate analysis confirmed that age,ECOG PS score,serum lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)level,systemic immune inflammatory index(SII),and prognostic nutritional index(PNI)were used to construct the nomogram.The AIC and BIC of the nomogram were lower than the International Prognostic Index(IPI)and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network(NCCN)-IPI,indicating that the nomogram had better goodness of fit.The C-index and AUC of the nomogram were higher than IPI and NCCN-IPI,indicating that the prediction accuracy of the nomogram had been significantly improved,and the calibration curve showed that the prediction results were in good agreement with the actual survival results.DCA showed that the nomogram had better clinical net income.Kaplan Meier curve showed that patients could be well divided into low-risk,medium-risk and high-risk groups according to the nomogram score(P＜0.001).Conclusion:The nomogram combined with inflammatory indicators can accurately predict the individual survival probability of DLBCL patients.

SARS-CoV-2 has posed a significant threat to a subset of the patient population.The occurrence of hematological malignancies and tumor treatment can lead to immunosuppression in patients,which significantly increases the risk of serious complications,severe incidence and mortality after SARS-CoV-2 infection.The treatment of a patient with follicular lymphoma infected with SARS-CoV-2 was described in detail.The patient remained positive for RT-PCR tests during the hospitalization for nearly 90 days.After undergoing 5 rounds of antiviral treatment,along with glucocorticoid anti-inflammatory therapy,low-molecular-weight heparin for anticoagulation,antibiotics for infection control,and respiratory support through the use of a ventilator,the patient eventually obtained negative result of the RT-PCR test.Subsequently,the patient was successfully weaned from mechanical ventilation and discharged.By summarizing the treatment process of this case,we hoped to provide reference and experience for future clinical diagnosis and treatment.

AIM: To analyze the correlation between ocular surface status and serum lipids in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction(MGD)during pregnancy, and to provide new ideas for the management and treatment of MGD during pregnancy.METHODS: Totally 120 pregnant women(240 eyes)treated in our hospital from May 2021 to May 2022 were selected and they were divided into MGD group(60 cases, 120 eyes)and control group(60 cases, 120 eyes)according to the presence or absence of MGD. All subjects received the ocular surface disease index scores(OSDI)and underwent examinations of meibomian gland morphology and function, tear film and blood lipid.RESULTS: The scores of OSDI, the related indexes of meibomian gland, corneal fluorescein staining(FL)scores, total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG)and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C)in the MGD group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). The scores of fluorescein breakup time(FBUT), Schirmer Ⅰ test(SIt)and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)in the MGD group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the scores of TG, TC, LDL-C were negatively correlated with the values of FBUT(rs =-0.702, -0.647, -0.710, all P<0.001).CONCLUSION: The level of blood lipids in pregnant patients with MGD is significantly increased, and the levels of TC, TG and LDL-C may be related to the stability of tear film.