As a distinctive resource of Chinese civilization， traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） technology transfer faces significant opportunities under the background of digital and intelligent transformation， while also being constrained by unique challenges such as the complexity of its theoretical system， lengthy industrial chains， and multidimensional policy restrictions， resulting in a "high-value-high-threshold" paradox. At present， TCM technology transfer is deeply trapped in a "threefold reluctance" dilemma， i.e.， unwillingness to transfer， inability to transfer， and lack of capacity to transfer. Specifically， the disconnection between scientific research evaluation systems and market demand leads to low conversion rates of research achievements， unclear ownership and compliance risks suppress innovation incentives， and the absence of professional services intensifies supply-demand mismatches. This article systematically analyzes the specific characteristics of TCM technology transfer and proposes a breakthrough pathway centered on full-chain digital and intelligent transformation. By integrating technologies such as intelligent sorting systems， blockchain-based traceability， and AI diagnostic models， the TCM ecosystem spanning "cultivation-production-service" can be reconstructed. In terms of standardization， promoting the progression from "experience-based data conversion" to "data standardization" and further to "intelligent standardization" is advocated to resolve quality control challenges. For example， a "three-no-one-full" certification system can strengthen quality trust. Policy coordination should focus on optimizing mechanisms for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements， while exploring intellectual property securitization and risk-sharing models to stimulate research momentum. In terms of internationalization， reliance on the Belt and Road Initiative platform to promote the export of geo-authentic medicinal material brands and standards is recommended to build a dual-driven model of "technology plus culture". Looking ahead， through the construction of national-level databases， the cultivation of interdisciplinary talent， and the mutual recognition of international standards， a new paradigm of "scientific intelligent manufacturing" can be formed， providing systematic solutions for the modernization of TCM and global health governance.

Objective To analyze the distribution status of the end digits of standardized blood pressure measurement recordings in the clinic and the effectiveness of standardized blood pressure measurement for community hypertension screening. Methods The first visit blood pressure measurement data from the Community Health Service Center in Jing'an District, Shanghai from June 2023 to May 2024 were collected and analyzed. According to different measurement methods, the data were divided into two groups: standardized blood pressure measurement and conventional blood pressure measurement. SPSS 19.0 software was used for data analysis. The differences in the distribution balance of the end digits of blood pressure values and the detection rate of blood pressure elevation between the two different groups were analyzed. Results The frequency range of the end digits of blood pressure recorded values in the standardized pressure measurement group was 9.42% to 10.83%, and the detection rate of elevated blood pressure was 24.89%. The conventional pressure measurement group had a preference of the end digit ^"0^", and the detection rate of elevated blood pressure was only 2.12%. The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that gender, age, season, and different blood pressure measurement modes were all influencing factors for the detection rate of elevated blood pressure. Conclusion The standardized blood pressure measurement mode in the clinic is suitable for community hypertension screening and pressure measurement, with higher data quality than the conventional pressure measurement mode.

Immune-stimulating antibody drug conjugate (ISAC) can not only effectively solve the defects of stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonists by coupling antibodies with STING agonists through the targeting of antibodies, but also play a synergistic role with antibodies to further improve the efficacy of STING agonists. This review first provides a concise overview of the current research landscape of ISACs and STING agonists, systematically elaborates on evolving trends in STING agonist development, and subsequently summarizes the mechanistic advances in STING ISAC research. Special emphasis is placed on representative STING ISAC candidates in preclinical/clinical development. Finally, the future directions of STING ISACs are critically discussed with perspectives and recommendations, aiming to provide theoretical insights and practical guidance for future investigations.

Objective To explore the effect of microRNA-381-3p(miR-381-3p)/MuRF1 axis on cardiopulmonary injury in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension(HPH)mice and its potential mechanisms.Methods Sixty mice were randomly assigned to four groups:the normal control group(NC),the hypobaric hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension(HPH)group,the HPH+agomir control group and the HPH+miR-381-3p agomir analog group(HPH+miR-381-3p agomir),with 15 mice in each group.The HPH mouse model was established using a low-pressure and hypoxic artificial chamber.Three weeks prior to the establishment of the HPH model,miR-381-3p agomir and its corresponding control agomir were prepared by dissolving them in RNA-free phosphate-buffered saline(PBS)according to the experimental requirements.These solutions were administered via tail vein injection at a dose of 10 mg/kg,twice weekly for three consecutive weeks.Right heart function was assessed using echocardiography.Right ventricular systolic pressure(RVSP)was measured via cardiac catheterization.Pulmonary vascular remodeling was evaluated through hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining.Levels of inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Real-time quantitative fluorescent PCR(RT-qPCR)was employed to analyze the mRNA expression levels of miR-381-3p and MuRF1.Potential targets of miR-381-3p were predicted,and pathway enrichment analysis was conducted.A dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was performed to confirm the direct regulatory effect of miR-381-3p on MuRF1.Results Compared with the NC group,the mRNA expression of miR-381-3p was significantly decreased in both the HPH group and the HPH+agomir control group,whereas the mRNA expression of MuRF1 was significantly increased(P＜0.05).In contrast,compared with the HPH group and the HPH+agomir control group,the mRNA expression of miR-381-3p was significantly increased in the HPH+miR-381-3p agomir group,while the mRNA expression of MuRF1 was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).Additionally,compared with the NC group,RVSP,right ventricular anterior wall thickness(RVAW),right ventricular hypertrophy index(RVHI),right ventricular collagen volume fraction(CVF),distal pulmonary artery wall thickness ratio(WT),pulmonary artery wall area ratio(WA),as well as IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α levels in alveolar lavage fluid were significantly increased in the HPH group and the HPH+agomir control group,whereas the right ventricular diameter(RVID)was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).Conversely,compared with the HPH group and the HPH+agomir control group,RVSP,RVAW,RVHI,right ventricular CVF,WT,Wa and RVID were decreased in the HPH+miR-381-3p agomir group,and IL-1β,IL-6,and TNF-α levels of alveolar lavage fluid were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).Furthermore,the downstream target genes of miR-381-3p were predicted in the database,and MuRF1 was a potential target,and the Cytoskeleton in muscle cells ranked first in the significant enrichment of target genes.Compared with WT-MuRF1+mimic control group,the luciferase activity was decreased in the WT-MuRF1+miR-381-3p mimic group(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the luciferase activity between the Mut-MuRF1+mimic control group and the Mut-MuRF1+miR-381-3p mimic group.Conclusion Overexpression of miR-381-3p can improve cardiopulmonary injury in HPH mice,and the mechanism may be related to the targeted inhibition of MuRF1 by miR-381-3p.

Purpose To explore the clinical and pathological characteristics of primary benign,borderline,and malignant cardiac tumors in children.Methods 15 cases of primary cardiac tumors in children were collected,and their clinical manifestations,pathological morphology,and immunophenotypes were analyzed.Relevant literature was also reviewed.Results The age of 15 patients ranged from 0.3 to 12 years old,with an average age of about 5 years and a median age of 2 years.9 cases were males and 6 cases were females.4 cases were found to have heart masses during physical examination,3 cases were treated for symptoms of cerebral infarction,1 case was treated for limb weak-ness,1 case was treated for systemic edema,1 case was treated for accelerated heartbeat,1 case was treated for cough,1 case was treated for pneumonia,1 case was treated for abdominal pain,1 case was treated for vomiting,and 1 case was treated for fever and shortness of breath.Echocardiography showed 8 cases occurring in the left heart system(6 in the left atrium and 2 in the left ventricle),4 cases occurring in the right heart system(2 in the right atrium and 2 in the right ventricle),2 cases occurring in the pericardium,and 1 case occurring in the interventricular septum.Ac-cording to pathological diagnosis,13 cases were benign tumors(8 cases of mucinous tumors,4 cases of rhabdomyo-mas,and 1 case of fibroma),1 case was a malignant tumor(embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma),and 1 case was a border-line tumor(NTRK rearranged spindle cell tumor).Conclusion Primary cardiac tumors in children are relatively rare,and borderline and malignant tumors are even rarer.The types of common tumors are different from those in a-dults,and they are prone to misdiagnosis due to non-specific clinical symptoms.For specific cardiac tumors,it is rec-ommended to conduct genetic testing when necessary based on clinical manifestations to further investigate the possibili-ty of related syndromes.

Objective To explore the effects of different concentrations of simvastatin on nerve regeneration after sciatic nerve injury.Methods Rats were randomly divided into the normal group,the control group,the low-dose group and the high-dose group,with 3 rats in each group.Except for the normal group,adult rat sciatic nerve crush injury models were established in the other groups.Rats in the normal group and the control group were orally administered with water,while those in the low-dose group and high-dose group were orally administered with 98%simvastatin at dosages of 4 mg/mL and 40 mg/mL,respectively.The sciatic nerve regeneration in rats was evaluated by sciatic function index(SFI),HE staining,luxol fast blue(LFB)staining and immunofluorescence staining,etc.Results The SFI of rats in the high-dose group 7 days and 14 days after surgery were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05);there was no significant difference in SFI of rats between the low-dose group and the control group 7 days and 14 days after surgery(P>0.05).HE staining and LFB staining results showed that compared with the control group,the number of neurons of rats in the high-dose group increased,the nerve fibers and myelin were clearer and denser,and the nerve function was significantly restored;while no significant improvement was observed in the sciatic nerve of rats in the low-dose group.The immunofluorescence staining results showed that compared with the control group,the immunofluorescence intensity in the high-dose group increased,while that in the low-dose group decreased,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion High-dose simvastatin can promote peripheral nerve regeneration by regulating the expression of M2 macrophages.

Objective:To explore the ultrasound changes,clinical efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided compound betamethasone injection in the treatment of first metatarsophalangeal joint(MTP1)in acute gouty arthritis.Methods:This study was a prospective randomized controlled trial,71 patients diagnosed with MTP1 in acute gouty arthritis in Weifang People's Hospital from June 2022 to June 2024 were selected,they were divided into puncture treatment group of 36 cases and oral medication group of 35 cases according to the random number table method.The puncture treatment group was treated with ultrasound-guided compound betamethasone injection,and the oral medication group was treated with etocoxib combined with colchicine.Visual Analogue Scale(VAS),inflammatory indicators[erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR),C-reactive protein(CRP)],and semi-quantitative scores of musculoskeletal ultrasound of the two groups were compared,and the medication safety of the two groups was observed.Result:1,3 and 7 days after treatment,VAS score in the puncture treatment group decreased significantly compared with that in the oral medication group(P＜0.05).7 days after treatment,ESR and CRP in the puncture treatment group decreased more significantly,and semi-quantitative scores of musculoskeletal ultrasound showed that the improvement of joint effusion,synovial hyperplasia and blood flow signal was better than that in the oral medication group(P＜0.05).All 36 cases of puncture were successful at the first attempt without complications.Conclusion:Ultrasound-guided compound betamethasone injection in the treatment of MTP1 in acute gouty arthritis has a high success rate,it can rapidly reduce inflammation,relieve pain,restore joint function,and is safe to operate,it can be used as an effective treatment option.

Aim To investigate the protective effect of liraglutide(LIRA)on acetaminophen(APAP)-in-duced hepatotoxicity at the in vivo level and to reveal the underlying mechanism.Methods Forty SPF grade male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into the Control,LIRA(200 μg·kg-1),APAP(500 mg·kg-1),LIRA+APAP,LIRA+APAP+3-methylade-nine(3-MA,30 mg·kg-1)groups,with eight mice in each group.The mice were administered for three con-secutive days,and the materials were taken after 24 h.The general condition and body weight of mice in each group were recorded,and liver morphology was ob-served.Serum ALT and AST levels,as well as SOD ac-tivity,MDA,and GSH content in liver homogenates,were measured using biochemical assay kits.The levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-6,TNF-α,and IL-1β in serum were detected by ELISA.Liver pathological changes were assessed by HE staining,while mitochon-drial and autophagosome structures in liver tissues were observed using transmission electron microscopy.The number of PCNA-positive cells in liver tissues was e-valuated using immunohistochemical staining.The pro-tein expression levels of LC3Ⅱ,p62,Bax,Bcl-2,PC-NA,and CyclinD1 in liver tissues were determined by Western blot.Results LIRA pretreatment can im-prove the general condition of mice with acetamino-phen-induced liver injury(AILI),reduce serum ALT and AST levels,and effectively ameliorate the appear-ance and morphology of the liver as well as the patho-logical damage to liver tissue.Simultaneously,the lev-els of inflammatory cytokines IL-6,TNF-α,and IL-1βare significantly decreased;SOD activity and GSH con-tent are significantly increased,while MDA content is significantly reduced.Transmission electron microsco-py observations reveal the presence of numerous auto-phagosomes in the cytoplasm of liver tissue.Immuno-histochemical staining results indicate a significant in-crease in the number of PCNA-positive cells.Further-more,the expression of LC3Ⅱ,Bcl-2,PCNA,and Cy-clinD1 proteins in liver tissue is significantly upregulat-ed,while the expression of p62 and Bax proteins is significantly downregulated.However,after interven-tion with the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA,the aforemen-tioned protective effects of LIRA are significantly.Conclusions LIRA pretreatment can significantly im-prove liver injury in AILI mice.Its protective mecha-nism may be related to enhancing autophagy in hepato-cytes,thereby reducing oxidative stress,inflammatory response and apoptosis in liver of AILI mice.

Objective A scoping review of studies on pulmonary prehabilitation in cardiac surgery patients was conducted to provide evidence support for the construction of a preoperative pulmonary rehabilitation program for cardiac surgery patients that suitable for China's national conditions.Methods In accordance with the scope review's research methodologies,databases including PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,CINAHL,CNKI and Wanfang were searched by the computer for relevant studies.The deadline for retrieval is from the establishment of databases to June,2024.The included literature was systematically analyzed.Results 26 articles were finally included.Among them,4 were quasi-experiment studies,while the other 22 were randomized controlled trials.Forms of the intervention included comprehensive breathing exercises,inspiratory muscle training,positive expiratory pressure,incentive spirometer training and balloon blowing training.The intervention initiation ranged from 10 weeks to 1 day preoperatively;the outcome measures included postoperative pulmonary complications,lung function metrics,the 6-Minute Walk Test,duration of mechanical ventilation,length of hospital stay,patient-reported outcomes and so on.Conclusion There remains a deficiency in standardized protocols for preoperative pulmonary rehabilitation training among patients undergoing cardiac surgery.High-quality studies should be conducted,and intervention strategies for pulmonary prehabilitation in cardiac surgery patients should be optimized and a unified evaluation standard system should be established.

Demethyleneberberine(DMB),one of the active me-tabolite of berberine,displays versatile pharmacological proper-ties.Numerous studies indicate diverse biological activities,such as actions against infection,inflammation,fibrosis,cancer cells,blood lipids,etc.It presents considerable potential in treating neurodegenerative diseases.This article provides a con-cise review of the pharmacological actions and mechanisms made in demethyleneberberine research to facilitate a deeper under-standing of its pharmacology and provide a scientific foundation for its prudent development.