Objective    To explore the mechanism of DDX46 regulation of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods    Picture signals of fluorescence in gene array were scanned and differential expression of gene in two groups (a DDX46-shRNA-LV group and a control-LV group) were compared by GCOSvL.4 software. These differential expressed genes were analyzed by bioinformatics methods finally, and validated by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis. Results    According to the screening criteria of fold change ≥2 and P<0.05, 1 006 genes were differentially expressed after DDX46 knockdown, including 362 up-regulated and 644 down-regulated genes. Bioinformatics analysis and gene co-expression network building identified that these differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in cell cycle, proliferation, apoptosis, adhesion, energy metabolism, immune response, etc. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) was the key molecule in the network. The results of RT-qPCR were completely consistent with the results of gene microarra. Conclusion    Bioinformatics can effectively exploit the microarray data of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after DDX46 knockdown, which provides a valuable clue for further exploration of DDX46 tumorigenesis mechanism and helps to find potential drug therapy.

Objective To understand the main serotypes, antibiotic resistance profiles and molecular typing characteristics of Listeria monocytogenes（LM) isolated from foods in Shandong Province from 2013 to 2016. Methods The antibiotic sensitivity of LM was tested by broth microdilution method. The serotypes were determined by slide agglutination and PCR, and the molecular typing was carried out by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing(MLST) . Results Most of 191 LM strains were sensitive to the eight antibiotics tested. Tetracycline resistance was most prevalent (15/191, 7.85%). There was no significant difference in the 8 antibiotic resistance monitored for 4 years (P=1.000). The serotype 1/2a, 1/2b and 1/2c accounted for 38.82% (66/170), 18.82% (32/170), and 42.36% (72/170), respectively. The patterns of SDSRZXDZ016, S2014L031 and SDSRZX030, totally accounted for 33.78%, were the dominant types. The main ST types were ST9, ST8 and ST121, which accounted for 81.18% (69/85). The clinical common types, ST3, ST7 and ST87 accounted for 8.23% (7/85), mainwhile new ST type was not found. Conclusion The LM strains isolated in Shandong Province from 2013 to 2016 were sensitive to most antibiotics, but some strains were resistant to tetracycline and erythromycin. The dominant serotypes were 1/2c and 1/2a. Serotype 4b, prone to outbreaks of listeriosis, was not found. The main PFGE types were SDSRZXDZ016, S2014L031 and SDSRZX030, which were continuously found from 2013 to 2016. The main ST types were ST8, ST9 and ST121. The clinical types, ST3, ST7 and ST87 were isolated from food and should be paid seriously attention to.

Objective: To evaluate the value of cerebrospinal fluid markers expecially total-tau protein (T-tau), phosphorylated-tau protein (P-tau) in diagnosis and differentiation of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD). Methods: sCJD (according to 2009 Brain criteria, 2018 Neurology amended criteria), Alzheimer's disease (AD; the National Institute on Aging at National Institutes of Health and the Alzheimer's Association revised guidelines 2011 criteria) and other patients without cognitive impairment, matched for sex and age, in the Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 2018 to 2019 were enrolled. Twelve sCJD patients, 49 AD patients and 14 normal controls were enrolled. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens were collected through gravity dropping directly, and further stored in -80 ℃ and disposed according to widely used standards. The levels of T-tau and P-tau were measured by ELISA. The data on electroencephalogram and neuroimaging findings of sCJD patients were recorded. Moreover, specimens of sCJD patients were sent to the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention to test 14-3-3 protein and PRNP genotype. Results: Using Mann-Whitney U test, T-tau concentrations were found higher in patients with sCJD (1 211(448, 2 227) pg/ml) than in AD patients (549(314, 1 078) pg/ml; U=178, P=0.034 9), and both groups had higher T-tau than the control group (127(79, 192) pg/ml; U=20, 73, P<0.01). The level of P-tau was significantly increased in AD patients (72(58,109) pg/ml) compared to the control group (27(15, 42) pg/ml; U=82, P<0.01), but not in sCJD patients (32(24, 47) pg/ml). The T-tau/P-tau ratio was higher in sCJD patients (29.77(20.01, 54.53)) than in AD patients (7.45(4.79, 10.43); U=87, P<0.01). Twelve sCJD patients had cotical hyperintensity on diffusion weighted imaging and five had periodic three-phase waves on electroencephalogram. Nine sCJD patients, whose CSF samples were tested in the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, carried an M/M genotype at codon 129 and E/E at codon 219. Conclusion The CSF tau level and T-tau/P-tau ratio are significantly increased in sCJD, which may promote the diagnosis and differentiation of sCJD in routine clinical setting.

Objective To observe the growth of xenografted tumor in nude mice after DDX46 expression decreased, and to further study the role of DDX46 in the development and progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods DDX46-shRNA mediated RNAi was applied to silencing DDX46 in Eca-109 cells. Twenty-five female BALB/c nude mice were divided into 3 groups: an experiment group (DDX46-shRNA-LV, n=10), a control group (Control-LV, n=10) and a blank control group (Het-1A, n=5). The prepared Eca-109 cells of DDX46-shRNA-LV and Control-LV were subcutaneously injected into the right armpit of mice (4×106 cells per mouse), while Het-1A cells were subcutaneously injected into the bilateral armpits of mice (4×106 cells per side). Tumor growth was monitored twice a week on the 14th day after injection. Tumor volume was measured with calipers, in vivo imager to observe the fluorescence of each group. Further, western blotting analysis was used to detect the changes of apoptosis signaling molecules in xenografted tumor after DDX46 silence. Results The growth of xenografted tumor in nude mice was significantly slower in the DDX46-shRNA-LV group than that in the Control-LV group throughout the study period (P<0.001). Western blotting analysis showed that silencing DDX46 effectively suppressed the expression of DDX46, and upregulated the expression of cleaved Caspase-3 and cleaved PARP-1 in xenografted tumor (P<0.01). Conclusion DDX46 is involved in the development and progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and the silence of DDX46 expression can inhibit the growth of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, which probably by positive regulation of apoptosis signaling pathway.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between the mechanism of spinal interleukin-17 (IL-17) regulating neuropathic pain (NP) and peripheral nerve-related proteins in rats. Methods Thirty-six healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, in which IT catheters were successfully implanted, aged 10-12 weeks, weighing 240-260 g, were divided into 4 groups ( n=9 each) using a random number table method: sham operation group (Sham group), NP group, blank vector group (BV group), and IL-17 siRNA recombinant lentivirus group ( siRNA group) . NP was induced by chronic constriction injury ( CCI) to the sciatic nerve at 5 days after IT catheters were successfully implanted. At day 7 after CCI, normal sa-line 20 μl was intrathecally injected in Sham and NP groups, and in BV and siRNA groups, blank vector IL-17 siRNA-GFP and recombinant lentivirus 1 × 107 TU 10 μl were intrathecally injected, respectively, the catheter was flushed with normal saline 10 μl once a day for 4 consecutive days. The mechanical paw withdrawal threshold ( MWT) and thermal paw withdrawal latency ( TWL) were measured on day 1 before CCI and days 1, 7, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 after CCI. Proximal sciatic nerve tissues on the operated side were obtained at 14 days after CCI, the total protein was extracted, and the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry were performed to stratify the differentially expressed proteins. Results Compared with group Sham, the MWT was significantly de-creased and TWL was shortened at each time point after CCI in the other three groups (P＜0. 05). Com-pared with NP and BV group, the MWT was significantly increased and TWL was prolonged at days 10-14 after CCI in group siRNA ( P＜0. 05) . There was no significant difference in the parameters mentioned above between group NP and group BV (P＞0. 05). Fifty-eight differentially expressed proteins were identified, and among the 58 proteins, the expression of 21 proteins was significantly up-regulated and the expression of 37 proteins was down-regulated. Conclusion Fifty-eight peripheral nerve-related proteins identified are related to the mechanism of spinal IL-17 regulating neuropathic pain in rats.

Objective To explore the research state and topics of lung cancer with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in China using the visualization methods. Methods Literature about lung cancer with COPD was searched through WanFang, CNKI, CBM, PubMed, The Cochrane Library and EMbase databases from inception to March 2018 by computer. We used BICOMS software to analyze the main information and produce co-word matrix, gCLUTO software to cluster, and NetDraw and Cytoscape software to draw the pictures. Results There were 304 studies related to lung cancer with COPD which originated from 173 journals including 23 indexed by Chinese Science Citation Database (CSCD) with 42 articles published, accounting for 13.8% of the total number of studies. There were 37 articles from 24 journals indexed by Science Citation Index (SCI) accounting for 12.2% of the total number of studies. The studies grew rapidly since 2012. The study involved 32 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions, among which Beijing, Sichuan, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Jiangsu provinces and cities were the main research areas. Sixty-nine high-frequency keywords were obtained with frequency 2 as the threshold, which was clustered into 5 categories by dual cluster analysis. Among them, topic 0 showed pathogenesis and radiological diagnosis of lung cancer with COPD, topic 1 was about the clinical characteristics of different pathological types of lung cancer with COPD and Chinese medicine treatment, topic 2 aimed at the impact of risk factors on surgical complications and the relationship between chemotherapy or targeted therapies and patient survival prognosis, topic 3 involved the pigenetic correlation between lung cancer and COPD and topic 4 was about clinical studies of perioperative comprehensive management of lung cancer patients with COPD. Conclusion The bibliometrics results show that there are considerable-amount achievements on lung cancer combined with COPD in China, and the researches have gradually increased since 2012. Horizontal research topics are extensive, and the focus of the study is to explore the perioperative comprehensive management and basic research of lung cancer with COPD, but the longitudinal themes need to be further studied. The results of some studies have not yet reached a consensus. There are few high-quality multi-center studies and a lack of clinical-directed achievement.

To apply the concept of evidence-based nursing in the practice of inhalation therapy for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) complicated respiratory failure, introduce the application method of self-made anti-carbon dioxide retention atomizer, and to observe the application effect. Methods Patients with COPD combine respiratory failure admitted to the respiratory department of Harrison International Peace Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University from May 2018 to April 2019 were enrolled. All patients received atomization inhalation therapy in addition to anti-infection and spasmolysis. By using self-made carbon dioxide retention atomizer time node, 40 patients in the prospective study using home-made carbon dioxide retention atomizer inhalation therapy from November 2018 to April 2019 were enrolled as observation group. Through evidence-based nursing strategy, the related literature at home and abroad was retrieved, to find the clinical evidence, formulation and implementation of care plan. Forty patients who received inhalation therapy with normal mask atomizer from May to October in 2018 were enrolled as the control group in the retrospective analysis. The peripheral arterial blood gas analysis indexes [pH value, arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2), arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure (PaCO2)], the disappearance of pulmonary asthma at 5 minutes before atomization inhalation and 20 minutes after atomization inhalation, and the patient's cooperation in treatment were compared between the two groups. Results All patients were included in the final analysis. There was no significant difference in blood gas analysis indexes between the two groups. After 20 minutes of atomization inhalation, the pH value, PaO2 and PaCO2 of the two groups were improved, and the improvement was more obvious in the observation group [pH value: 7.32±0.35 vs. 7.25±1.25, PaO2 (mmHg, 1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa) :61.50±1.55 vs. 59.50±1.05, PaCO2 (mmHg) : 43.25±1.65 vs. 49.05±1.75, all P < 0.05]. The lung asthma in the two groups was significantly improved with 20 minutes of atomization inhalation as compared with that before atomization, and the improvement of lung asthma in the observation group was significantly better than that in the control group (asthma score: 0.91±0.29 vs. 1.65±0.35, P < 0.05). The good coordination rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group [90% (36/40) vs. 70% (28/40), χ2 = 3.828, P = 0.048]. Conclusion Compared with the inhalation treatment with ordinary mask nebulizer, inhalation treatment with self-made anti-carbon dioxide retention atomizer for COPD patients with respiratory failure can reduce carbon dioxide retention, significantly improve respiratory failure symptoms and improve compliance.

Objective To analyze the imaging features of Menkes disease in children, and in order to identify the diagnostic value and improve the knowledge of it. Methods The imaging findings of 9 Menkes disease patients confirmed by the clinical and laboratory examinations were retrospectively analyzed. All the patients were male aged from 2.0 to 7.0 months with a median age of 3.0 months. The clinical manifestations including seizures, psychomotor retardation, dystonia accompanied with light complexion and curly hair. The laboratory examinations showed low serum copper and ceruloplasmin levels. All the patients were performed with plain MR scan and MR angiography, 7 cases were performed with chest X?ray examinations and 4 cases were performed with bone X?ray examinations and 1 were performed with hand X?ray examinations. Results The plain MR scan showed white matter lesions in 8 cases, abnormality signal intensity of basal ganglia in 4 cases, subdural effusion in 2 cases. 8 cases had cerebral and cerebellar atrophy at different degrees. The MR angiography showed abnormal tortuosity of the main intracranial arteries. The chest X?ray of 5 in 7 cases showed that the front end of bilateral ribs were spherical and enlarged. 4 cases were performed with bone X?ray presenting, 3 out of 4 cases showed the widened metaphysis of tibia, fibula, femoral, humerus ulna and radius with the shape like cup?mouth and the formation of bony spur locally. The X ray examination of 1 case with connecting palm showed symphysodactylia. Conclusion Brain MR, X?ray of chest and bone showed imaging features of Menkes disease. MR angiography finding was the most distinctive feature, which has important value in the diagnosis of Menkes disease.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to survey the need, the utilization, and the influencing factors of dental services for children in selected areas in Chongqing province by investigating their oral health status. The survey will provide references for preventive oral health care in targeted Chongqing areas, which may improve the level of oral health among pre-school children. METHODS: Random cluster sampling was utilized according to standards of the Fourth National Oral Health Epidemiological sampling survey, and 1 300 children between the ages of three and four years old from 24 kindergartens in 12 subdistricts of three areas in Chongqing were interviewed for free dental checkups and to participate in the survey. The questionnaires were designed according to the Anderson model and were answered by the children's parents. The results were analyzed utilizing Chi-square test logistic regression. RESULTS: The prevalence rate of caries among the pre-school children in selected areas of Chongqing was 55.4%, the decay, missing, filled surface (dmfs) was 6 696, the mean dmfs was 5.2, and the caries filling constituent ratio was 2.3%. A total of 1 173 questionnaires were analyzed. The ratio for seeing a dentist for therapeutic reasons was 6.31% (74/1 173) and for prevalence was 22.93% (269/1 173). CONCLUSIONS The oral health service needs of pre-school children in selected areas of Chongqing are large and the oral health service utilization rate is low. Oral health care processes are arduous; thus, targeted oral prevention policies should be created.
Child ; Child, Preschool ; Dental Care ; statistics & numerical data ; Dental Caries ; Dental Health Surveys ; Humans ; Oral Health ; Prevalence

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the detrimental effects of shortwave exposure on rat hippocampal structure and function and explore the underlying mechanisms. METHODS: One hundred Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (25 rats per group) and exposed to 27 MHz continuous shortwave at a power density of 5, 10, or 30 mW/cm2 for 6 min once only or underwent sham exposure for the control. The spatial learning and memory, electroencephalogram (EEG), hippocampal structure and Nissl bodies were analysed. Furthermore, the expressions of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) subunits (NR1, NR2A, and NR2B), cAMP responsive element-binding protein (CREB) and phosphorylated CREB (p-CREB) in hippocampal tissue were analysed on 1, 7, and 14 days after exposure. RESULTS: The rats in the 10 and 30 mW/cm2 groups had poor learning and memory, disrupted EEG oscillations, and injured hippocampal structures, including hippocampal neurons degeneration, mitochondria cavitation and blood capillaries swelling. The Nissl body content was also reduced in the exposure groups. Moreover, the hippocampal tissue in the 30 mW/cm2 group had increased expressions of NR2A and NR2B and decreased levels of CREB and p-CREB. CONCLUSION Shortwave exposure (27 MHz, with an average power density of 10 and 30 mW/cm2) impaired rats' spatial learning and memory and caused a series of dose-dependent pathophysiological changes. Moreover, NMDAR-related CREB pathway suppression might be involved in shortwave-induced structural and functional impairments in the rat hippocampus.
Animals ; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein ; genetics ; metabolism ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Electroencephalography ; radiation effects ; Hippocampus ; radiation effects ; Male ; Memory ; radiation effects ; Nissl Bodies ; physiology ; radiation effects ; Radio Waves ; adverse effects ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate ; genetics ; metabolism ; Spatial Learning ; radiation effects