A total of 1 557 cases were included in the Febrile Respiratory Syndrome (FRS) surveillance conducted in Daxing District between 2018 and 2023. Twelve respiratory pathogens were investigated: human influenza virus (HIFV), human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV), human parainfluenza virus (HPIV), human rhinovirus (HRV), human enterovirus (HEV), human adenovirus (HadV), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), human bocavirus (HBoV), Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP), Chlamydia pneumoniae (CP), human coronavirus (HCoV), and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Results demonstrated an overall pathogen detection rate of 25.31% (394/1 557), with descending prevalence as follows: HIFV, SARS-CoV-2, HRV, HPIV, MP, HCoV, HRSV, HEV, HMPV, HadV, HBoV, and CP. Temporal analysis revealed detection rates of 26.98% (150/556) for 2018-2019, 15.81% (95/601) for 2020-2022, and 37.25% (149/400) for 2023, showing statistically significant interannual variation (χ2=59.703, P<0.001). Compared with 2018-2019, 2023 exhibited significantly elevated detection rates for HIFV and HMPV ( P<0.05), while HRV, MP, HEV, and HBoV demonstrated significantly reduced rates ( P<0.05). Age-stratified analysis identified HIFV, HRSV, and HadV as the predominant pathogens in individuals aged <15 years, whereas SARS-CoV-2, HIFV, and HRV predominated in those aged ≥60 years.

Objective To systematically evaluate the methodological quality and the measurement attributes of the assessment tools for risk of falls perception in the elderly,therefore to provide evidence-based references for medical staff to select a proper assessment tool.Methods Literature on studies of the assessment tools for risk of falls perception in the elderly was retrieved across databases and websites including Medline,Embase,PubMed,Web of Science,CINAHL,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang Data,VIP and China Biology Medicine(CBM).The retrieval period was from the inception of the databases to 1st June,2024.Two researchers independently screened the retrieved literature and extracted the data.The bias risk list and quality standards of the consensus-based standards for the selection of health measurement instruments(COSMIN)were used to systematically evaluate the attributes of the assessment tools.Results A total of 22 studies were included,covering 21 scales for the risk of falls perception in the elderly.All the scales had certain risks of bias,and none of them reported cross-cultural validity/measurement equivalence and measurement error.The fall risk questionnaire(FRQ)was rated as Class C recommendation due to the high-quality evidences indicated its"inadequate"internal consistency and responsiveness.The remaining scales were rated as Class B recommendation due to their uncertainty in content validity.Conclusion In comparison with the assessment tools for risk of falls perception in the elderly,the self-awareness of falls in elderly scale(SAFE,a primary choice)and the fall risk perception scale for the elderly in community(FRPSE,the secondary choice)are recommended for their comprehensive structure of measurement and relatively complete evaluation of measurement.However,further studies are required to validate the clinical applicability and measurement attributes of the SAFE and FRPSE.

Objective:To investigate the iodine nutrition level of different populations in Daxing District of Beijing, and to provide a basis for implementation of "tailored measures, classified guidance, and scientific iodine supplementation" for prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders.Methods:From 2020 to 2023, Daxing District of Beijing was divided into 5 districts from April to September each year based on east, west, south, north, and center. One township (street) was selected from each district, and 20 pregnant women, 40 women of childbearing age, 40 adult males, and 40 non boarding children aged 8 to 10 from one primary school were selected from each township (street). At the same time, 100 pregnant women with current addresses in Daxing District, Beijing were selected from one obstetrics hospital in Daxing District every year. Once random urine sample was collected from all survey subjects, and the household edible salt samples were collected from children and 400 pregnant women for determination of urinary iodine and salt iodine levels.Results:From 2020 to 2023, a total of 3 022 urine samples were collected, including 920, 700, 702, and 700 samples from children aged 8 - 10, pregnant women, women of childbearing age, and adult males, respectively. The median urinary iodine levels were 181.1, 135.0, 144.0, and 140.0 μg/L, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in urinary iodine levels among children aged 8 - 10, pregnant women, and women of childbearing age in different years ( H = 77.88, 9.40, 22.11, P < 0.05). A total of 1 320 household edible salt samples were collected from children aged 8 - 10 and pregnant women. Among them, 920 salt samples were collected from children, the median salt iodine was 21.3 mg/kg, the iodized salt coverage rate was 88.48% (814/920), and the qualified iodized salt consumption rate was 80.76% (743/920). Four hundred salt samples were collected from pregnant women, the median salt iodine was 21.8 mg/kg, the coverage rate of iodized salt was 90.25% (361/400), and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 77.50% (310/400). The results of correlation analysis showed there was no correlation between urinary iodine level of children aged 8 to 10 and pregnant women with their salt iodine level ( r = 0.06, 0.07, P = 0.055, 0.142). Conclusions:Pregnant women in Daxing District, Beijing are at a deficiency level in iodine nutrition, with children aged 8 - 10, women of childbearing age, and adult males all at an appropriate level of iodine nutrition. We should strengthen health education for pregnant women and ensure that they receive sufficient iodine nutrition. At the same time, relevant departments should increase the supervision and management of iodized salt.

A total of 1 557 cases were included in the Febrile Respiratory Syndrome (FRS) surveillance conducted in Daxing District between 2018 and 2023. Twelve respiratory pathogens were investigated: human influenza virus (HIFV), human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV), human parainfluenza virus (HPIV), human rhinovirus (HRV), human enterovirus (HEV), human adenovirus (HadV), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), human bocavirus (HBoV), Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP), Chlamydia pneumoniae (CP), human coronavirus (HCoV), and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Results demonstrated an overall pathogen detection rate of 25.31% (394/1 557), with descending prevalence as follows: HIFV, SARS-CoV-2, HRV, HPIV, MP, HCoV, HRSV, HEV, HMPV, HadV, HBoV, and CP. Temporal analysis revealed detection rates of 26.98% (150/556) for 2018-2019, 15.81% (95/601) for 2020-2022, and 37.25% (149/400) for 2023, showing statistically significant interannual variation (χ2=59.703, P<0.001). Compared with 2018-2019, 2023 exhibited significantly elevated detection rates for HIFV and HMPV ( P<0.05), while HRV, MP, HEV, and HBoV demonstrated significantly reduced rates ( P<0.05). Age-stratified analysis identified HIFV, HRSV, and HadV as the predominant pathogens in individuals aged <15 years, whereas SARS-CoV-2, HIFV, and HRV predominated in those aged ≥60 years.

Objective:To investigate the iodine nutrition level of different populations in Daxing District of Beijing, and to provide a basis for implementation of "tailored measures, classified guidance, and scientific iodine supplementation" for prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders.Methods:From 2020 to 2023, Daxing District of Beijing was divided into 5 districts from April to September each year based on east, west, south, north, and center. One township (street) was selected from each district, and 20 pregnant women, 40 women of childbearing age, 40 adult males, and 40 non boarding children aged 8 to 10 from one primary school were selected from each township (street). At the same time, 100 pregnant women with current addresses in Daxing District, Beijing were selected from one obstetrics hospital in Daxing District every year. Once random urine sample was collected from all survey subjects, and the household edible salt samples were collected from children and 400 pregnant women for determination of urinary iodine and salt iodine levels.Results:From 2020 to 2023, a total of 3 022 urine samples were collected, including 920, 700, 702, and 700 samples from children aged 8 - 10, pregnant women, women of childbearing age, and adult males, respectively. The median urinary iodine levels were 181.1, 135.0, 144.0, and 140.0 μg/L, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in urinary iodine levels among children aged 8 - 10, pregnant women, and women of childbearing age in different years ( H = 77.88, 9.40, 22.11, P < 0.05). A total of 1 320 household edible salt samples were collected from children aged 8 - 10 and pregnant women. Among them, 920 salt samples were collected from children, the median salt iodine was 21.3 mg/kg, the iodized salt coverage rate was 88.48% (814/920), and the qualified iodized salt consumption rate was 80.76% (743/920). Four hundred salt samples were collected from pregnant women, the median salt iodine was 21.8 mg/kg, the coverage rate of iodized salt was 90.25% (361/400), and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 77.50% (310/400). The results of correlation analysis showed there was no correlation between urinary iodine level of children aged 8 to 10 and pregnant women with their salt iodine level ( r = 0.06, 0.07, P = 0.055, 0.142). Conclusions:Pregnant women in Daxing District, Beijing are at a deficiency level in iodine nutrition, with children aged 8 - 10, women of childbearing age, and adult males all at an appropriate level of iodine nutrition. We should strengthen health education for pregnant women and ensure that they receive sufficient iodine nutrition. At the same time, relevant departments should increase the supervision and management of iodized salt.

Objective To investigate the predictive value of dynamic monitoring of transcutaneous oxygen partial pressure [p_tc(O₂)], transcutaneous carbon dioxide partial pressure [p_tc(CO₂)], serum amyloid A (SAA), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in predicting bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in neonates with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS). Methods A total of 240 NRDS patients were selected as the research subjects and divided into BPD group (108 cases) and non-BPD group (132 cases) based on whether BPD occurred. The levels of p_tc(O₂), p_tc(CO₂), SAA, and IL-6 were compared between the two groups on the 1st, 7th, and 14th day after birth. Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between each indicator and the degree of illness. The relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to evaluate the impact of each indicator on BPD in NRDS patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and decision curve analysis were used to evaluate the predictive efficacy and clinical net benefit of each indicator for BPD. Results On the 1st day after birth, there were no statistically significant differences in p_tc(O₂), p_tc(CO₂), serum SAA, and IL-6 levels between the two groups (P>0.05). On the 7th and 14th day after birth, the p_tc(O₂) in the BPD group was lower than that in the non-BPD group, while the p_tc(CO₂) and serum SAA, IL-6 levels were higher than those in the non-BPD group (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis results showed that the degree of BPD in children was negatively correlated with p_tc(O₂) on the 7th day after birth (r=-0.724, P < 0.05), and positively correlated with p_tc(CO₂), SAA, and IL-6 on the 7th day after birth (r=0.635, 0.830, 0.715, P < 0.05). The degree of pulmonary dysfunction in children was negatively correlated with p_tc(O₂) on the 7th day after birth (r=-0.719, P < 0.05), and positively correlated with p_tc(CO₂), SAA, and IL-6 on the 7th day after birth (r=0.673, 0.756, 0.696, P < 0.05). On the 7th day after birth, the p_tc(O₂) of BPD patients was negatively correlated with SAA and IL-6 (r=-0.605, -0.623, P < 0.05), while p_tc(CO₂) was positively correlated with SAA and IL-6 (r=0.618, 0.650, P < 0.05). ROC curve showed that the combined prediction of p_tc(O₂), p_tc(CO₂), SAA, and IL-6 on the 7th day after birth for NRDS complicated with BPD was better than the individual prediction of the four indicators, with an area under the curve of 0.938 (95%CI, 0.899 to 0.965). The risk of BPD in high-expression of p_tc(CO₂), SAA, and IL-6 was 2.256, 1.668, and 1.667 times higher than that in low-expression, respectively. The risk of BPD in high-expression of p_tc(O₂) was 0.568 times higher than that in low-expression. The decision curve analysis showed that when the threshold value was within the range of 0.2 to 0.9, the combined model of p_tc(O₂), p_tc(CO₂), SAA, and IL-6 was superior to the individual prediction in predicting the net benefit rate of BPD in NRDS patients on the 7th day after birth. Conclusion The severity of NRDS complicated with BPD is closely related to p_tc(O₂), p_tc(CO₂), SAA, and IL-6, and the combined detection of the four indicators can help improve the predictive efficacy and net benefit rate of NRDS complicated with BPD.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.

Objective To investigate the value of MRI radiomics for differentiating benign and malignant prostate lesions with prostate imaging reporting and data system(PI-RADS)3 points.Methods Data of 107 patients with PI-RADS scoring of 3 points lesions were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were randomly divided into training set and testing set at a 7∶3 ratio.Clinical factors related to prostate cancer(PCa)were screened with regression analysis,and lesions'radiomics features were extracted with the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator algorithm,and then clinical models,single sequence models,multiple sequence model and combined model(multiple sequence+clinical)were constructed,respectively.Then receiver operating characteristic curves were drawn,and the area under the curve(AUC)was calculated,the efficacy of each model for differentiating PI-RADS 3 points benign and malignant lesions were assessed,and their performance and clinical applicability were evaluated using the calibration curve and clinical decision curve.Results The total prostate-specific antigen(PSA)was the clinical factor related to PCa,based on which a clinical model was established.Four apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)features,10 diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI)features and 14 T2WI features of lesions were used to construct single sequence models,while 2 ADC features,3 DWI features and 3 T2WI features of lesions were selected to construct multiple sequence model.AUC of the combined model for differentiating benign and malignant PI-RADS 3 points lesions in training and test sets was 0.940 and 0.906,respectively,indicating that the combined model had good predictive performance and clinical net benefit.Conclusion The combined model established based on multiple sequence radiomics features and total PSA was helpful to differentiating PI-RADS 3 points benign and malignant prostate lesions.

Objective To investigate the value of MRI radiomics for differentiating benign and malignant prostate lesions with prostate imaging reporting and data system(PI-RADS)3 points.Methods Data of 107 patients with PI-RADS scoring of 3 points lesions were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were randomly divided into training set and testing set at a 7∶3 ratio.Clinical factors related to prostate cancer(PCa)were screened with regression analysis,and lesions'radiomics features were extracted with the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator algorithm,and then clinical models,single sequence models,multiple sequence model and combined model(multiple sequence+clinical)were constructed,respectively.Then receiver operating characteristic curves were drawn,and the area under the curve(AUC)was calculated,the efficacy of each model for differentiating PI-RADS 3 points benign and malignant lesions were assessed,and their performance and clinical applicability were evaluated using the calibration curve and clinical decision curve.Results The total prostate-specific antigen(PSA)was the clinical factor related to PCa,based on which a clinical model was established.Four apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)features,10 diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI)features and 14 T2WI features of lesions were used to construct single sequence models,while 2 ADC features,3 DWI features and 3 T2WI features of lesions were selected to construct multiple sequence model.AUC of the combined model for differentiating benign and malignant PI-RADS 3 points lesions in training and test sets was 0.940 and 0.906,respectively,indicating that the combined model had good predictive performance and clinical net benefit.Conclusion The combined model established based on multiple sequence radiomics features and total PSA was helpful to differentiating PI-RADS 3 points benign and malignant prostate lesions.

In response to the Opinions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on Promoting the Inheritance， Innovation， and Development of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） and the spirit of the National Conference on TCM， Chinese Association of Chinese Medicine organized experts in Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery of traditional Chinese and western medicine to discuss the clinical advantages of TCM and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine in the treatment of allergic rhinitis （AR） and they reached a basic consensus. In recent years， the prevalence of AR has been on the rise， threatening the quality of life of patients and giving rise to a heavy burden to both the patients and the society. AR is resulted from immune imbalance rather than reduced immunity or hyperimmunity， and the imbalance is similar to the Yin-yang disharmony in TCM. In the treatment of this disease， western medicine features rapid onset. However， it is cost-intensive and causes severe surgical trauma， and the recurrence is common. TCM boasts diverse methods for AR， which can be used in all stages of this disease. It has advantages in controlling symptoms such as nasal congestion， runny nose， or dysosmia in the attack stage， preventing recurrence in the remission stage， and treating refractory AR or steroid-resistant AR. In particular， acupuncture enjoys a reputation in treatment of AR， which has been supported by evidence-based medicine and recommended by guidelines. While treating local symptoms of AR， TCM regulates the psychosomatic conditions， which facilitates chronic disease management and long-term follow-up. We should integrate the advantages of TCM and western medicine， give full play to the unique nonnegligible and irreplaceable advantages of TCM， formulate a comprehensive diagnosis and treatment scheme for learning and promotion， and summarize the research outcomes to promote the theoretical innovation of TCM on AR from the perspective of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine.