Objective:To explore the influencing factors of health seeking behavior in older women with stress urinary incontinence (SUI), so as to provide theoretical basis for improving the health seeking behavior of this group.Methods:Guided by the methodological framework of Arksey and O'Malley's scoping review, literature was retrieved in PubMed, CINAHL, APA PsycInfo, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data, VIP, and China Biology Medicine disc. The search period was from database establishment to December 31, 2023. The data was extracted and summarized from the included literature.Results:A total of 16 articles were included. The influencing factors of health seeking behavior in SUI older women included urinary incontinence cognition, symptom severity, quality of life, coping efficacy, stigma, access to medical resources, and demographic factors.Conclusions:The cognition of urinary incontinence is the primary factor affecting the health seeking behavior of older women with SUI. Medical and nursing staff should consider cultural differences in clinical practice and assist older women in improving their awareness of urinary incontinence, in order to enhance their health seeking literacy and quality of life.

Influenza is a contagious respiratory disease caused by influenza viruses, and the burden of severe disease is commonly seen in high risk populations. Influenza vaccination is an effective way to prevent influenza and its complications, especially for high risk populations. Although some countries have included influenza vaccine in their national immunization programs, influenza vaccination rates remain low globally in high risk populations. The influenza vaccine in China is still a non-immunization program vaccine that is voluntarily vaccinated at its own expense, and the influenza vaccine immunization strategy is different across the country. There is still a gap between the vaccination rate of the influenza vaccine and that of developed countries. It is an urgent problem to further optimize the whole population immunization strategy of influenza vaccine in China, strengthen the publicity of the whole population immunization strategy of influenza vaccine, and reduce the disease burden of influenza in China.

Vaccination is the most cost-effective measure to prevent infectious diseases in both children and adults. At present, the global burden of infectious diseases in adults is still heavy. With the continuous development and improvement of vaccines, vaccination has shown great potential to prevent infectious diseases, further reduce the morbidity and mortality of infectious diseases in adults and improve people's life quality. This article summarizes the current status of adult immunization, immunization strategies of representative countries, different adult vaccination strategies, and the advantages and challenges of adult immunization to provide reference for further exploring adult immunization strategies and improving adult vaccination recommendations. More attention should be paid to the immunization strategies for different adult populations, and effective measures should be taken to improve the vaccination coverage for the better protection of people's life and health.

The purified Vero cell rabies vaccine (PVRV) has been used in rabies prevention for more than 40 years. A comprehensive review of the relevant researches on PVRV in rabies prevention at local and overseas in recent years shows that in the simplified Zagreb immunization program, PVRV has the similar immunogenicity and safety as in the standard Essen program. PVRV, purified chicken embryo cell rabies vaccine (PCECV) and human diploid cell rabies vaccine (HDCV) have similar immunogenicity and safety. PVRV also has good immunogenicity and safety in special populations such as those with diseases. The combined vaccination of PVRV and acellular diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis and inactivated poliomyelitis combined vaccine (DTP-IPV) or others did not find immune interference, which provided feasibility for children to vaccinate against rabies at the same time of vaccinating with planned vaccines. The combination of PVRV and equine rabies immunoglobulin can also achieve better prevention effect. PVRV plays an important role in the prevention of rabies, and its wide application will make a positive contribution to achieving the goal of eliminating rabies transmitted from dogs to humans by 2030 proposed by World Health Organization (WHO).

Objective:To summarize the patient profiles and therapeutic efficacies of ABO-incompatible living-related kidney transplantations at 19 domestic transplant centers and provide rationales for clinical application of ABOi-KT.Methods:Clinical cases of ABO-incompatible/compatible kidney transplantation (ABOi-KT/ABOc-KT) from December 2006 to December 2009 were collected. Then, statistical analyses were conducted from the aspects of tissue matching, perioperative managements, complications and survival rates of renal allograft or recipients.Results:Clinical data of 342 ABOi-KT and 779 ABOc-KT indicated that (1) no inter-group differences existed in age, body mass index (BMI), donor-recipient relationship or waiting time of pre-operative dialysis; (2) ABO blood type: blood type O recipients had the longest waiting list and transplantations from blood type A to blood type O accounted for the largest proportion; (3) HLA matching: no statistical significance existed in mismatch rate or positive rate of PRA I/II between two types of surgery; (4) CD20 should be properly used on the basis of different phrases; (5) hemorrhage was a common complication during an early postoperative period and microthrombosis appeared later; (6) no difference existed in postoperative incidence of complications or survival rate of renal allograft and recipients at 1/3/5/10 years between ABOi-KT and ABOc-KT. The acute rejection rate and serum creatinine levels of ABOi-KT recipients were comparable to those of ABOc-KT recipients within 1 year.Conclusions:ABOi-KT is both safe and effective so that it may be applied at all transplant centers as needed.

Objective To investigate the expression of guanylate binding protein 5 (GBP5) and ArfGAP with SH3 domain ankyrin repeat and PH domain 1 (ASAP1) genes in pulmonary tuberculosis patients and tuberculosis latent population. Methods Forty pulmonary tuberculosis patients (pulmonary tuberculosis group), 40 latent tuberculosis infection patients (latent tuberculosis infection group) and 40 cases of healthy control (healthy control group) were selected from August 2016 to May 2017. The gene expression was detected in 4 ml peripheral anticoagulant blood by real-time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and the relative expression of two genes in three groups were compared. Results The GBP5 gene expression in three groups was significantly differentce (F=7.23, P=0.001). The GBP5 gene relative expression in pulmonary tuberculosis group was significantly higher than that in latent infection group :1.58 ± 0.80 vs. 1.09 ± 0.68, there was significant difference (t=2.93, P=0.004). The GBP5 gene relative expression in pulmonary tuberculosis group was significantly higher than that in healthy control group: 1.58 ± 0.80 vs. 1.04 ± 0.61, there was significant difference (t=3.40, P=0.010). The GBP5 gene relative expression in latent infection group and healthy control group had no significant difference (t=0.39, P=0.700). There was no significant difference in ASAP1 expression among three groups (F=0.26, P=0.770). Conclusions The expression of GBP5 in pulmonary tuberculosis patients, latent tuberculosis infection patients and healthy controls is different, and GBP5 could screen latent tuberculosis infection patients which is expected to be a potential screening marker for latent tuberculosis infection.