Objective:To establish a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method(GC-MS-MS)for determining the content of methyl p-toluenesulfonate(MTS),ethyl p-toluenesulfonate(ETS),and isopropyl p-toluenesulfonate(IPTS)in tosufloxacin tosylate hydrate.Methods:The HP-1MS(0.250 mm ×30 m,0.50 μm)column was used at progamming temperature,the injection temperature was 250 ℃.The MS conditions were as follow:the ionization mode was EI,the electron voltage was 70 V,the ion source temperature was 250 ℃,the scanning method was MRM,the quantitative ion pairs for MTS,ETS and IPTS were m/z 91 →65,m/z 155→91 and m/z 91→65.Results:The linearity ranges of MTS,ETS and IPTS were 48.779-975.59 ng·mL-1(r=0.998 5),54.586-1 091.7 ng·mL-1(r=0.998 4)and 46.241-924.82 ng·mL-1(r=0.999 8).The average recoveries were 99.47％,99.15％,98.83％(n=9).The MTS,ETS and IPTS were not detected in the 7 batches of tosufloxacin tosylate hydrate.Conclusion:The established method can be used for the determination of MTS,ETS,and IPTS content in tosufloxacin tosylate hydrate.

Objective To study the hemodynamic characteristics of autologous arteriovenous fistula(AVF)and provide a theoretical basis for reducing its stenosis rate.Methods Bidirectional fluid-structure interaction(FSI)simulations were conducted on a modified AVF model.Flow field and wall shear stress(WSS)distributions in the internal fistula at different periods and angles in a cardiac cycle were analyzed for retrograde flow(confluence)and anterograde flow(shunt)modes in models with varying anastomosis angles.Results Under confluence modes,the WSS＜1 Pa area in the 60° anastomosis angle model was the smallest(7.027 mm2),while the 45°,60°,and 90° models showed no significant differences in eddy current size and intensity.Under shunt modes,the 45° anastomosis angle model had the smallest WSS＜1 Pa area(9.079 mm2),but the 60° model exhibited the lowest eddy current intensity and distribution area.In addition,the difference in the WSS＜1 Pa area between the 60° and 45° models was only 2.661 mm2.Conclusions Under both confluence and shunt flow modes,establishing an AVF with 60° anastomosis angle is conducive to reducing the risk of vascular stenosis in arteriovenous fistula.

Objective To study the hemodynamic characteristics of autologous arteriovenous fistula(AVF)and provide a theoretical basis for reducing its stenosis rate.Methods Bidirectional fluid-structure interaction(FSI)simulations were conducted on a modified AVF model.Flow field and wall shear stress(WSS)distributions in the internal fistula at different periods and angles in a cardiac cycle were analyzed for retrograde flow(confluence)and anterograde flow(shunt)modes in models with varying anastomosis angles.Results Under confluence modes,the WSS＜1 Pa area in the 60° anastomosis angle model was the smallest(7.027 mm2),while the 45°,60°,and 90° models showed no significant differences in eddy current size and intensity.Under shunt modes,the 45° anastomosis angle model had the smallest WSS＜1 Pa area(9.079 mm2),but the 60° model exhibited the lowest eddy current intensity and distribution area.In addition,the difference in the WSS＜1 Pa area between the 60° and 45° models was only 2.661 mm2.Conclusions Under both confluence and shunt flow modes,establishing an AVF with 60° anastomosis angle is conducive to reducing the risk of vascular stenosis in arteriovenous fistula.

Objective To investigate indoor radon concentrations and environmental cumulative doses in residential and office units in Shenzhen, and estimate the average annual effective dose, and to provide data for assessing public health risks. Methods Within the 11 administrative districts of Shenzhen (including the Shenzhen-Shanwei Special Cooperation Zone), 17 residential units and 3 office units were randomly selected as monitoring sites in each district. The units selected represented buildings of different ages and various floors on which the units were located. Radon detectors and environmental cumulative dosimeters were deployed for monitoring. Results The indoor radon concentrations in Shenzhen during the two monitoring periods were (36.6 ± 16.5) Bq/m³ and (19.8 ± 15.3) Bq/m³, respectively. The environmental cumulative doses for the two monitoring periods were (0.33 ± 0.07) mSv and (0.25 ± 0.04) mSv, respectively. The estimated average annual effective dose due to indoor radon in Shenzhen was 0.92 mSv. Conclusion All monitored indoor radon concentrations in Shenzhen were below the national standard of China. The indoor radon concentrations exhibited significant regional variations, were higher in spring than in summer, and showed no statistically significant differences across buildings of different ages or units of various floors. The trends in indoor radon concentrations and environmental cumulative doses were highly consistent. The average indoor radon concentration in Shenzhen was lower than both the global and national levels, indicating a low risk of internal radiation exposure from radon.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the major form of dementia in the elderly and is closely related to the toxic effects of microglia sustained activation. In AD, sustained microglial activation triggers impaired synaptic pruning, neuroinflammation, neurotoxicity, and cognitive deficits. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that aberrant expression of deubiquitinating enzymes is associated with regulating microglia function. Here, we use RNA sequencing to identify a deubiquitinase YOD1 as a regulator of microglial function and AD pathology. Further study showed that YOD1 knockout significantly improved the migration, phagocytosis, and inflammatory response of microglia, thereby improving the cognitive impairment of AD model mice. Through LC-MS/MS analysis combined with Co-IP, we found that Myosin heavy chain 9 (MYH9), a key regulator maintaining microglia homeostasis, is an interacting protein of YOD1. Mechanistically, YOD1 binds to MYH9 and maintains its stability by removing the K48 ubiquitin chain from MYH9, thereby mediating the microglia polarization signaling pathway to mediate microglia homeostasis. Taken together, our study reveals a specific role of microglial YOD1 in mediating microglia homeostasis and AD pathology, which provides a potential strategy for targeting microglia to treat AD.

Objective:To establish a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method(GC-MS-MS)for determining the content of methyl p-toluenesulfonate(MTS),ethyl p-toluenesulfonate(ETS),and isopropyl p-toluenesulfonate(IPTS)in tosufloxacin tosylate hydrate.Methods:The HP-1MS(0.250 mm ×30 m,0.50 μm)column was used at progamming temperature,the injection temperature was 250 ℃.The MS conditions were as follow:the ionization mode was EI,the electron voltage was 70 V,the ion source temperature was 250 ℃,the scanning method was MRM,the quantitative ion pairs for MTS,ETS and IPTS were m/z 91 →65,m/z 155→91 and m/z 91→65.Results:The linearity ranges of MTS,ETS and IPTS were 48.779-975.59 ng·mL-1(r=0.998 5),54.586-1 091.7 ng·mL-1(r=0.998 4)and 46.241-924.82 ng·mL-1(r=0.999 8).The average recoveries were 99.47％,99.15％,98.83％(n=9).The MTS,ETS and IPTS were not detected in the 7 batches of tosufloxacin tosylate hydrate.Conclusion:The established method can be used for the determination of MTS,ETS,and IPTS content in tosufloxacin tosylate hydrate.

Objective Based on the process theory of stress effect,the structural equation model of the influencing factors of self-regulatory fatigue in maintenance hemodialysis patients is constructed,which provides theoretical bases and references for the formulation of intervention programs to relieve self-regulatory fatigue in patients.Method A total of 420 maintenance hemodialysis patients were surveyed using General Information Questionnaire,Self-Regulatory Fatigue Scale,Dialysis Symptom Index,Life Orientation Test-Revised,Perceived Social Support Scale,Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire and Medical Coping Styles Questionnaire.Results Total score of self-regulatory fatigue in maintenance hemodialysis patients was(49.52±10.93),and self-regulatory fatigue showed significant positive correlation with symptom distress,the illness perception,avoidance coping style,yieldly coping(r=0.476,0.428,0.303,0.611,all P＜0.01);self-regulatory fatigue showed significant negative correlation with perceived social support and dispositional optimism(r=-0.410,-0.652,all P＜0.01);it showed no significant correlation with facing coping(r=-0.032,P＞0.05).The Bootstrap analysis revealed that the mediation effect of yielding coping,dispositional optimism,perceived social support,and illness perception between symptom distress and self-regulatory fatigue was significant(95％CI:0.027～0.203).The overall effect of symptom distress on self-regulatory fatigue was(P＜0.001,95％CI:0.576～0.751);the direct effect was(P＜0.001,95％CI:0.170～0.357);the indirect effect was(P＜0.001,95％CI:0.332～0.485);the mediation effect accounted for 61.1％of the total effect value.Conclusion Maintenance hemodialysis patients have a high degree of self-regulatory fatigue,which needs to be further improved.Medical staff should timely identify and evaluate the symptom distress of patients,focus on guiding patients to adjust optimistic disease,provide patients with psychological guidance and stress coping strategies,reduce the negative coping behavior tendency,guide the patients correctly perceive support and care in social relations,help patients set up the correct disease cognition,thus reducing the patient's self-regulatory fatigue.

BACKGROUND:Platelet-rich fibrin(PRF)is a second generation platelet concentrate with the advantages of simple operation,no anticoagulant,and high bioactivity,which has been applied in the fields of trauma repair,bone defect repair,and tendon soft tissue repair,and has been proved to have a certain tissue repair-promoting effect. OBJECTIVE:To study the repair effect of PRF on articular cartilage tissue in rats with knee osteoarthritis. METHODS:Thirty-six Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal group,model group,and PRF group,with 12 rats in each group.Rats in the normal group did not undergo any treatment.In the model group,animal models of knee osteoarthritis were prepared and rat models were then given physiological saline into the joint cavity once a week after surgery.Rat models of knee osteoarthritis were also prepared in the PRF group,and autologous PRF was injected into the joint cavity once a week after surgery.After 5 weeks of continuous treatment,tissue samples were taken.Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe the morphology of cartilage tissue.Tunel staining was used to detect chondrocyte apoptosis,ELISA was used to detect inflammatory factor levels.Western blot and RT-PCR were used to detect Bcl-2,Bax,and Caspase-3 expression in protein and mRNA levels,respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The model group had severe cartilage tissue damage,while the PRF group had significantly improved cartilage tissue morphology compared with the model group.The model group had more apoptotic chondrocytes.Compared with the model group,the mean absorbance of Tunel positive staining in the PRF group significantly decreased(P<0.01).The levels of interleukin-1β,interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α were significantly increased in the model group and PRF group compared with the normal group(P<0.01)and were significantly decreased in the PRF group compared with the model group(P<0.01).The relative expressions of Bax and Caspase-3 at protein and mRNA levels were significantly increased in the model group and PRF group compared with the normal group(P<0.01),while the relative expressions of Bcl-2 at protein and mRNA were significantly decreased(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the relative expression of Bax and Caspase-3 at protein and mRNA levels were significantly decreased in the PRF group(P<0.01),while the relative expressions of Bcl-2 at protein and mRNA levels were significantly increased(P<0.01).To conclude,PRF can inhibit chondrocyte apoptosis by inhibiting the expression of pro-inflammatory factors,thereby promoting cartilage tissue repair in knee osteoarthritis rats.

Objective To compare the efficacy of transversus fascia plane block combined with rectus sheath block(TFP-RSB)and transversus fascia plane block(TFP)in alleviating postoperative pain and in-flammation in patients with type 2 diabetes undergoing gynecologic laparoscopic total hysterectomy.Methods A total of 90 patients with type 2 diabetes who underwent gynecologic laparoscopic total hysterecto-my in the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from December 2021 to September 2022 were ran-domly divided into the TFP-RSB group(n=30),the TFP group(n=30),and the blank control group(n=30).The TFP-RSB group received ultrasound-guided TFP-RSB for postoperative analgesia,and the TFP group received TFP block after surgery.The drug was 0.375％ropivacaine.Both groups received combined with pa-tient-controlled intravenous analgesia(PCIA)and those in the control group were treated with PCIA only.The efficacy of perioperative analgesia,postoperative sleep quality and Visual Analog Scale(VAS)scores at 6 h,12 h,and 24 h after operation were compared among the three groups.The levels of IL-6 and Apelin-13 were measured before surgery and at 6 h,12 h,and 24 h postoperatively,and blood glucose was measured at 6 h,12 h,and 24 h postoperatively.Results The blood glucose levels at 6 h,12 h,and 24 h after operation in the TFP-RSB and the TFP groups were lower than those in the blank control group(P＜0.05).The blood glucose in the TFP-RSB group was lower than that in the TFP group at each time point after operation(P＜0.05).There was no statistical difference in the dosage of sedatives and analgesics used during surgery between the TFP-RSB group and the TFP group(P＞0.05).VAS scores at 12 h and 24 h postoperatively were generally lower in the TFP-RSB group compared to the TFP group(P＜0.05),as well as compared to the blank control group(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in VAS scores at 6h postoperatively between the TFP-RSB and TFP groups(P＞0.05),but both were lower than the blank control group(P＜0.05).The con-sumption of sufentanil at 24 h postoperatively was slightly lower in the TFP-RSB group than in the TFP group(P＜0.05).The PQSI sleep quality in the TFP-RSB group was better than that in the TFP and the blank control groups(P＜0.05).The levels of inflammatory factor IL-6(at 6 h,12 h,and 24 h postoperative-ly)were generally lower in the TFP-RSB group compared to the TFP group and the blank control group(P＜0.05),with no significant difference between the TFP group and the blank control group at 24 h postopera-tively(P＞0.05).Apelin-13 levels were lower at all postoperative time points compared to preoperative levels in all three groups(P＜0.05).Serum Apelin-13 levels at 6 h,12 h,and 24 h postoperatively were lower in the TFP-RSB group than in the TFP group(P＜0.05),and both were lower than the blank control group(P＜0.05).The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was lower in the TFP group(26.6％)than in the blank control group(50.0％),but the difference was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).The incidence in the TFP-RSB group(3.3％)was lower than in the TFP group(26.6％)and the blank control group(50.0％),P＜0.05.Conclusion Compared with TFP block,TFP-RSB block has better postoperative analge-sia effect,less blood glucose fluctuations,and more obvious inhibitory effect on inflammatory response in dia-betic patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopic total hysterectomy.

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, its applications in medical imaging have become increasingly extensive. This review aimed to analyze the current development status and future direction of intelligent imaging technology by investigating its application in various medical departments. To achieve this, we conducted a comprehensive search of various data sources up to 2024, including PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, based on the principle of comprehensive search. A total of 332 articles were screened, and after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 56 articles were selected for this study. According to the findings, intelligent imaging technology exhibits robust image recognition capabilities, making it applicable across diverse medical imaging modalities within hospital departments. This technology offers an efficient solution for the analysis of various medical images by extracting and accurately identifying complex features. Consequently, it significantly aids in the detection and diagnosis of clinical diseases. Its high accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity render it an indispensable tool in clinical diagnostics and related tasks, thereby enhancing the overall quality of healthcare services. The application of intelligent imaging technology in healthcare significantly enhances the efficiency of clinical diagnostics, resulting in more accurate and timely patient assessments. This advanced technology offers a faster and more precise diagnostic approach, ultimately improving patient care and outcomes. This review analyzed the socioeconomic changes brought about by intelligent imaging technology to provide a more comprehensive evaluation. Also, we systematically analyzed the current shortcomings of intelligent imaging technology and its future development directions, to enable future research.
Humans ; Artificial Intelligence ; Diagnostic Imaging/methods* ; Hospitals