In developing countries，non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis is more common compared to cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. Bronchiectasis seriously affects the quality of survival and growth of children，and there is no specific treatment.Azithromycin has anti-inflammatory and broad immunomodulatory effects in addition to antibacterial effects. A number of clinical studies have shown the effectiveness of azithromycin in the treatment of children with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis，but the drug resistance caused by the application of azithromycin and azithromycin-related adverse reactions during the treatment have also attracted attention.This article reviews the application of azithromycin in children with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis.