Objective:To evaluate the clinical value of holographic imaging-based digital localization technology in robot-assisted partial nephrectomy（RAPN）for the treatment of completely endophytic renal tumors.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 23 patients with completely endophytic renal tumors who underwent RAPN at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University between December 2022 and December 2024. Patients were divided into two groups based on the use of holographic imaging：the holographic imaging group（16 cases）and the conventional group（7 cases）. There was no statistically significant difference between the holographic imaging group and the conventional group in terms of age［（41.9 ± 13.4）years vs.（46.9 ± 13.4）years］，body mass index［（25.6 ± 4.8）kg/m2 vs.（24.7 ± 3.1）kg/m2］，maximum tumor diameter［（3.1 ± 0.9）cm vs.（3.0 ± 9.0）cm］，tumor volume［（13.2 ± 9.0）cm3 vs.（34.9 ± 9.9）cm3］，R.E.N.A.L. score［（9.4 ± 1.2）points vs.（9.9 ± 0.7）points］，PADUA score［（10.4 ± 0.7）points vs.（9.4 ± 0.7）points］，proportion of T 1a stage patients［12 cases（75.0%）vs. 6 cases（85.7%）］and preoperative serum creatinine［（67.4 ± 9.5）μmol/L vs.（78.0 ± 16.0）μmol/L］. In the holographic group，holographic models were reconstructed based on preoperative enhanced CT or MRI images and used for preoperative planning and intraoperative localization. In the conventional group，surgeons relied on preoperative CT or MRI images for cognitive fusion during RAPN. Perioperative parameters such as warm ischemia time，operative time，tumor localization time，positive surgical margin rate，and renal function were compared between the two groups. Results:The operative time in the holographic group was significantly shorter than that in the conventional group［（152.8 ± 12.9）min vs.（218.4 ± 105.5）min， P = 0.001］. Warm ischemia time［（26.9 ± 3.4）min vs.（30.7 ± 3.8）min， P < 0.001］，localization time［（4.2 ± 0.9）min vs.（8.9 ± 1.7）min， P < 0.001］，and estimated blood loss［（47.0 ± 17.7）ml vs.（128.6 ± 87.8）ml， P < 0.001］were also significantly lower in the holographic group. In the conventional group，one patient underwent radical nephrectomy，while no patient in the holographic imaging group required conversion to radical nephrectomy. No cases of positive surgical margins were identified in either group. Serum creatinine levels measured one month after surgery showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups［（79.5 ± 15.7）μmol /L vs.（104.9 ± 22.5）μmol /L］. Conclusions:The application of holographic imaging-based digital localization technology in RAPN for completely endophytic renal tumors significantly reduces operative time，localization time，warm ischemia time，and intraoperative blood loss. This technology improves surgical efficiency and success rates，offering distinct clinical advantages.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical value of holographic imaging-based digital localization technology in robot-assisted partial nephrectomy（RAPN）for the treatment of completely endophytic renal tumors.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 23 patients with completely endophytic renal tumors who underwent RAPN at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University between December 2022 and December 2024. Patients were divided into two groups based on the use of holographic imaging：the holographic imaging group（16 cases）and the conventional group（7 cases）. There was no statistically significant difference between the holographic imaging group and the conventional group in terms of age［（41.9 ± 13.4）years vs.（46.9 ± 13.4）years］，body mass index［（25.6 ± 4.8）kg/m2 vs.（24.7 ± 3.1）kg/m2］，maximum tumor diameter［（3.1 ± 0.9）cm vs.（3.0 ± 9.0）cm］，tumor volume［（13.2 ± 9.0）cm3 vs.（34.9 ± 9.9）cm3］，R.E.N.A.L. score［（9.4 ± 1.2）points vs.（9.9 ± 0.7）points］，PADUA score［（10.4 ± 0.7）points vs.（9.4 ± 0.7）points］，proportion of T 1a stage patients［12 cases（75.0%）vs. 6 cases（85.7%）］and preoperative serum creatinine［（67.4 ± 9.5）μmol/L vs.（78.0 ± 16.0）μmol/L］. In the holographic group，holographic models were reconstructed based on preoperative enhanced CT or MRI images and used for preoperative planning and intraoperative localization. In the conventional group，surgeons relied on preoperative CT or MRI images for cognitive fusion during RAPN. Perioperative parameters such as warm ischemia time，operative time，tumor localization time，positive surgical margin rate，and renal function were compared between the two groups. Results:The operative time in the holographic group was significantly shorter than that in the conventional group［（152.8 ± 12.9）min vs.（218.4 ± 105.5）min， P = 0.001］. Warm ischemia time［（26.9 ± 3.4）min vs.（30.7 ± 3.8）min， P < 0.001］，localization time［（4.2 ± 0.9）min vs.（8.9 ± 1.7）min， P < 0.001］，and estimated blood loss［（47.0 ± 17.7）ml vs.（128.6 ± 87.8）ml， P < 0.001］were also significantly lower in the holographic group. In the conventional group，one patient underwent radical nephrectomy，while no patient in the holographic imaging group required conversion to radical nephrectomy. No cases of positive surgical margins were identified in either group. Serum creatinine levels measured one month after surgery showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups［（79.5 ± 15.7）μmol /L vs.（104.9 ± 22.5）μmol /L］. Conclusions:The application of holographic imaging-based digital localization technology in RAPN for completely endophytic renal tumors significantly reduces operative time，localization time，warm ischemia time，and intraoperative blood loss. This technology improves surgical efficiency and success rates，offering distinct clinical advantages.

Objective:To compare the performance and surgical outcomes of domestic single-use digital flexible ureteroscopes with reusable digital flexible ureteroscopes in treatment of upper urinary stones.Methods:A prospective, single-blind, multicenter and randomized controlled study was performed from September 2018 to June 2019. Eligible patients were randomly assigned, in a ratio of 1∶1, to either experimental group or control group. The inclusion criteria for the study were: aged 18-75 years, solitary upper urinary stone with stone size between 0.8 and 2.0 cm and CT value less than 1 400 HU, negative preoperative urine culture and normal renal function. Exclusion criteria included: patients with acute urinary tract infection, intransitable urethral strictures, impassable ureteropelvic junction obstructions, systemic hemorrhagic disease, coagulation function abnormalities or bleeding tendency, severe hypertension or cardiopulmonary insufficiency, severe hip malformation and difficulty in meeting the demand of operation position and pregnant and lactation women. The device used in the experimental group was a domestic single-use digital flexible ureteroscope, and the device used in the control group was an imported Olympus digital flexible ureteroscope. The qualified rate of clinical comprehensive evaluation (including image quality and operational performance), the rate of device failure, the stone-free rate and the occurrence rate of adverse events (including increase in urine red blood cell and white blood cell counts, postoperative hematuria, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and fever) in the two groups were recorded.Results:A total of 186 eligible study cases were collected from the People's Hospital of Wuhan University, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, and the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University. 90 cases in the final experimental group and 88 cases in the control group completed the trial and were included in the evaluation. There were no statistically significant differences among age [(48.40±11.36) vs. (47.40±12.53)years old, P=0.594], male to female ratio (62/28 vs. 56/32, P =0.874), BMI [(24.8±2.1) kg/m 2 vs. (25.1±2.0)kg/m 2,P =0.331], hydronephrosis (no/slight vs. mild/severe) (62/28 vs. 65/23, P =0.874), stone location and stone size [(12.8±4.7) mm vs. (11.9±5.2) mm, P =0.227]. There were no significant differences in terms of qualified rate of clinical comprehensive evaluation [98.9% (89/90) vs. 100.0% (88/88), P =0.991], lithotripsy success rate [84.4% (76/90) vs. 84.1% (74/88), P =0.888], device failure/defect rate (both 0%), and the incidence of adverse events [50.0% (45/90) vs. 52.0% (51/88), P =0.894]. The highest incidence of adverse events in two groups was the increase of red blood cells and white blood cells of routine urine after operation. There was no serious adverse event in the experimental group and 1 serious adverse event in the control group. Conclusions:There was no significant difference in image quality, device failure/defect rate, lithotripsy success rate, and adverse event rate between single-use digital flexible ureteroscopes and reusable digital flexible ureteroscopes for lithotripsy of upper ureteral and pelvic stones. Domestic single-use digital flexible ureteroscopes have good safety and effectiveness in the treatment and microscopy of upper urinary tract stones.

OBJECTIVE：To provide evidence for promoting the scientific resea rch ability and talent team construction of hospital pharmacists. METHODS ：From Dec. 2019 to Apr. 2020，“Survey Form for Scientific Research Ability of Hospital Pharmacists”were issued to pharmacists in 62 medical institutions from 20 provinces across the country. The questionnaire was mainly based on five aspects ，i.e. general information of surveyed pharmacists ，the number of internal/external funds and patents approved in recent five years （2015-2019），the number of papers published in domestic/abroad/SCI journals ，the familiarity with scientific research projects ，the difficulties in carrying out scientific research. The collected data were summarized and analyzed with R 4.0.3 software. RESULTS ：A total of 300 questionnaires were sent out ，and 288 valid questionnaires were collected with effective recovery rate of 96％. Among surveyed pharmacists ，94 were male and 194 were female. The majority of them were 31-39 years old （52.78％）；56.25％，28.12％ and 15.63％ of them had bachelor ’s degree ，master’s degree and doctor ’s degree respectively，and 156（54.17％）had intermediate title. Totally 74.66％ of hospital pharmacists thought it was very necessary or necessary to carry out research projects （involving all doctors ，26 masters and 4 bachelors）. There were significant differences among pharmacists with different educational background in respects of the number of applications for internal and external funds and patents ，as well as the number of papers published in domestic/foreign/SCI journals ，and most of them were doctors （P＜ 0.05）. In recent five years ，most of hospital pharmacists had published 1-3 papers in domestic journals ，accounting for 44.80％， while 27.08％ had published papers in SCI journals. Totally 51.39％ of hospital pharmacists were not familiar or not very familiar with scientific research projects funding （most of them had bachelor ’s degree ）；52.43％ expressed that experimental conditions were the biggest difficulty in conducting scientific research. CONCLUSIONS：This survey shows that hospital pharmacists have a relatively positive attitude towards scientific researchprojects. Most of papers are published in domestic journals. 8804919。E-mail：songjc1234@126.com However， there are still many shortcomings in scientific research status. Scientific research capabilities need to be improved. Experimental conditions also limit the scientific research projects to a certain extent. Hospitals need to strengthen funding for pharmacist research projects ，strengthen academic exchanges ， so that pharmacists can understand scientific research projects more comprehensively and systematically.

The sigma-1 receptor (R) is a unique intracellular protein. R plays a major role in various pathological conditions in the central nervous system (CNS), implicated in several neuropsychiatric disorders. Imaging of R in the brain using positron emission tomography (PET) could serve as a noninvasively tool for enhancing the understanding of the disease's pathophysiology. Moreover, R PET tracers can be used for target validation and quantification in diagnosis. Herein, we describe the radiosynthesis, PET/CT imaging of novel R C-labeled radioligands based on 6-hydroxypyridazinone, [C]HCC0923 and [C]HCC0929. Two radioligands have high affinities to R, with good selectivity. In mice PET/CT imaging, both radioligands showed appropriate kinetics and distributions. Additionally, the specific interactions of two radioligands were reduced by compounds and (self-blocking). Of the two, [C]HCC0929 was further investigated in positive ligands blocking studies, using classic R agonist SA 4503 and R antagonist PD 144418. Both R ligands could extensively decreased the uptake of [C]HCC0929 in mice brain. Besides, the biodistribution of major brain regions and organs of mice were determined . These studies demonstrated that two radioligands, especially [C]HCC0929, possessed ideal imaging properties and might be valuable tools for non-invasive quantification of R in brain.

In recent years, a considerable number of studies have shown that N-acetylcysteine( NAC) is a promising agent in the treatment of a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders. The present article briefly outlined its role in the regulation of these disorders and reviewed the current literatures on the use of NAC in autism and obsessive-compulsive related disorders(OCRD)in order to provide ba-sis for the clinical application of NAC in neuropsychiatric field.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease is a common disease of digestive system. With the increase of domestic morbidity, the burden on the medical and health care system is correspondingly increased. The treatments of gastroesophageal reflux disease are mainly drug therapy and surgical treatment. With the increase in the number of selectable drugs and the emergence of new surgical techniques, it is particularly necessary to consider pharmacoeconomics of the plan while ensuring safety and effectiveness, especially in the context of the lack of overall medical and health resources in the country. The study of pharmacoeconomics considers different prevention, diag-nosis and treatment strategies from the perspective of economics, and provides reference for clinical treatment decision. The article re-viewed recent advances in pharmacoeconomics evaluations of gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Objective: To study the inhibitory effect of total alkaloids from lotus seed on human hepatoma HepG2 cells.Methods: The effect of total alkaloids from lotus seed on the growth of HepG2 cells was studied by CCK-8 kit.The apoptosis rate of HepG2 cells was detected by flow cytometry.Results: When the action time was the same, with the increase of drug concentration, the inhibitory rate of total alkaloids from lotus seed on HepG2 cells increased, in a dose-dependent manner.At 72 h, the half inhibitory concentration (IC50) of total alkaloids from lotus seed on HepG2 cells was 1.501 μg·ml-1.At the same concentration, the inhibitory rate of the total alkaloids from lotus seed on HepG2 cells increased with the extension of the action time.At 72 h, the inhibition rate of 10 μg·ml-1 total alkaloids from lotus seed reached 72%.After treated with the total alkaloids from lotus seed at different concentrations, the apoptosis rate of HepG2 cells significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner.Compared with the blank control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05), and the apoptosis rate of HepG2 cells was 85.6% treated with 20 μg·ml-1 total alkaloids from lotus seed.Conclusion: The total alkaloids from lotus seed can induce cell apoptosis and inhibit the proliferation of human hepatoma HepG2 cells.

Herpesviruses is one of the most common human infectious diseases, which can be divided into different types based on clinical infection degree.Herpes simplex virus usually results in buccal and genital mucocutaneous infections, while cytomegalovirus is the most common opportunistic pathogen associated with significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised hosts, especially in transplant and cancer patients.Although nucleoside analogues are effective antiviral drugs, the emergence of drug-resistant viruses has created a barrier for the treatment of herpesviruses infections, especially in immunocompromised patients.Therefore, novel therapeutic agents are needed to avoid the limitations of drug resistance.In this article, research progress in the therapeutic agents for drug-resistant herpesviruses was reviewed from the aspects of non-nucleoside analogues, novel antiviral targets and newly antiviral mechanisms.

Objective:To investigate the effects of neferine on the proliferation and apoptosis of HepG2 cells. Methods: The effect of neferine on the proliferation of HepG2 cells was determined by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), the morphology of HepG2 cells with Hoechst33258 staining was observed under a fluorescent microscope,the degree of damage to HepG2 cells was observed by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) kit,Annexin V /propidium iodide (PI) and PI/Rnase were used to analyze the apoptosis and the cell cycle. Results:Neferine could inhibit the proliferation of HepG2 cells in a dose and time-dependent manner,and the degree of damage to the cell membrane increased with the dose of the drug. The results of Hoechst33258 staining and flow cytometry (FCM) indicated that HepG2 cells were arrested in G0/G1phase and the apoptotic rate increased with the concentration increase of neferine.Conclusion:Neferine can inhibit the growth and proliferation of HepG2 cells in a dose and time-dependent manner, induce it arrested in G0/G1 phase and induce the late apoptosis of HepG2 cells.