Ferroptosis is a newly discovered method of programmed cell death. Current studies have shown that activation of ferroptosis-related pathways can inhibit the growth and proliferation of tumor cells and reverse their drug resistance. Oral cancer is a common malignant tumor with a high recurrence rate and high drug resistance. Inducing ferroptosis is a potential treatment strategy. There are still many uncertainties in the application of ferroptosis in the treatment of oral cancer, which need to be further explored. This article systematically introduces the mechanism of ferroptosis and its recent progress in oral cancer treatment to provide new mechanisms and methods for the clinical treatment of oral cancer. Current research shows that the mechanism of ferroptosis is mainly related to amino acid metabolism, Fe2+ metabolism, and lipid metabolism. Ferroptosis in oral cancer cells can reverse drug resistance in cancer cells and improve the activity of immune cells. New drugs, such as curcumin analogs and triptolide, can induce ferroptosis in oral cancer, and the development of nanomaterials has improved the utilization rate of drugs. Inhibiting the expression of the ferroptosis-related factors SLC7A11, NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1) can promote ferroptosis in oral cancer cells. It is a potential target for the clinical treatment of oral cancer, but its translation into clinical practice still needs further research.

T cell infiltration and proliferation in tumor tissues are the main factors that significantly affect the therapeutic outcomes of cancer immunotherapy. Emerging evidence has shown that interferon-gamma (IFNγ) could enhance CXCL9 secretion from macrophages to recruit T cells, but Siglec15 expressed on TAMs can attenuate T cell proliferation. Therefore, targeted regulation of macrophage function could be a promising strategy to enhance cancer immunotherapy via concurrently promoting the infiltration and proliferation of T cells in tumor tissues. We herein developed reduction-responsive nanoparticles (NPs) made with poly (disulfide amide) (PDSA) and lipid-poly (ethylene glycol) (lipid-PEG) for systemic delivery of Siglec15 siRNA (siSiglec15) and IFNγ for enhanced cancer immunotherapy. After intravenous administration, these cargo-loaded could highly accumulate in the tumor tissues and be efficiently internalized by tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). With the highly concentrated glutathione (GSH) in the cytoplasm to destroy the nanostructure, the loaded IFNγ and siSiglec15 could be rapidly released, which could respectively repolarize macrophage phenotype to enhance CXCL9 secretion for T cell infiltration and silence Siglec15 expression to promote T cell proliferation, leading to significant inhibition of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) growth when combining with the immune checkpoint inhibitor. The strategy developed herein could be used as an effective tool to enhance cancer immunotherapy.

Objective: To investigate the preliminary screening results of Alzheimer's disease (AD) among the elderly in Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province and analyze the influencing factors, so as to provide insights into prevention and control of AD in the elderly. Methods: A multi-stage stratified proportional sampling method was used to select the registered residents aged 60 years and older in Ningbo City as subjects. Demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, physical conditions and social activities of the subjects was evaluated with questionnaires. AD was screened using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and factors affecting the positive rate of AD preliminary screening were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total of 34 027 elderly residents were investigated, with an mean age of (71.71±6.89) years. There were 15 115 males (44.42%) and 18 912 females (55.58%), 16 146 residents living in rural areas (47.45%) and 17 881 residents living in urban areas (52.55%). The positive rate of AD preliminary screening was 7.28% (2 476 cases). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that age (70 to 74 years, OR=1.357; 75 to 79 years, OR=1.807; 80 to 84 years, OR=2.782; 85 years and older, OR=4.907), gender (female, OR=1.118), residence (urban areas, OR=0.713), marital status (unmarried, OR=3.078; widowed/separated/divorced, OR=1.301), educational level (primary school, OR=0.629; junior high school and above, OR=0.609), occupation before retirement (others, OR=0.741), family genetic history (no, OR=0.651), household disposable monthly income (1 000 to 1 999 Yuan, OR=0.636; 2 000 to 2 999 Yuan, OR=0.569; 3 000 Yuan and above, OR=0.448), exercise (seldom, OR=0.855; regular, OR=0.780), number of chronic diseases (2~5, OR=1.328), hearing loss (no, OR=0.764), smell loss (no, OR=0.615), chronic constipation (no, OR=0.696), major negative life events (no, OR=0.804), subjective memory loss (no, OR=0.583), sleep quality (general, OR=0.640; good, OR=0.616), living style (living with spouse, OR=0.300; living alone, OR=0.315; living with children, OR=0.350) and social activities (2-3 times/week, OR=0.584; 4 times/week and more, OR=0.409) were factors affecting the positive rate of AD preliminary screening. Conclusions The positive rate of AD preliminary screening among the elderly in Ningbo City is relatively high. Age, gender, economic conditions, exercise, social activities and physical conditions were factors affecting the positive rate of AD preliminary screening.

A total of 6 patients were treated with surface knee joint prosthesis combined with 3D-printed customized bionic tibial block for reconstruction of bone defect after giant cell tumor (GCT) in proximal tibia (1 male and 5 females, aged 50, 40, 68, 53, 35, 42, respectively). 3 patients with primary and 3 patients with recurrence of GCT. After resection of the tumor, the bone defect was filled with 3D-printed block combined with surface knee prosthesis, the surrounding ligaments were reconstructed with microporous structure and artificial mesh. All cases were followed up for 60, 90, 60, 60, 75, and 50 months, respectively. During the follow-up, there was no local recurrence, no radiolucent lines around prosthesis, and no signs of loosening. The clinical scores of the American Knee Society Score (KSS) were 87, 92, 85, 90, 95 and 78. The functional scores were 70, 100, 70, 100, 100 and 80 respectively. Musculoskeletal Tumor Society Score (MSTS) were 27, 28, 26, 26, 26, 27, respectively. Surface knee prosthesis combined with bionic block can effectively fill the bone defect after resection of GCT in proximal tibia, achieve anatomical and functional reconstruction of knee joint.

Objective: To investigate the awareness of HIV non-occupational post-exposure prophylaxis (nPEP) among residents in Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, so as to provide basis for further publicity and application of nPEP in genenral population. Methods: Community residents at ages of 18 years and older in Yangzhou City were sampled using the multi-stage random sampling method from January to June, 2022, and a cross-sectional survey was conducted to collect their demographic information, acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related knowledge, attitude and behaviors and awareness of nPEP. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify factors affecting awareness of nPEP. Results: Totally 1 488 questionnaires were allocated, and 1 447 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 97.24%. There were 644 males and 803 females, with mean age of (36.33±11.90) years. There were 585 residents (40.43%) employed by government agencies, enterprises and public institutions; 750 residents (51.83%) with awareness of AIDS; 413 (28.54%), 651 (44.99%) and 383 residents (26.47%) had low, medium and high levels of AIDS discrimination, respectively; 201 residents (13.89%) with HIV detection experience; and 792 residents (54.73%) with regular health checkup. The awareness rate of nPEP was 47.89%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified career (government agencies, enterprises and public institutions, OR=1.530, 95%CI: 1.170-1.999; students, OR=1.450, 95%CI: 1.027-2.047), awareness of AIDS (OR=3.201, 95%CI: 2.495-4.106), having HIV detection experience (OR=1.908, 95%CI: 1.339-2.719), regular health checkup (OR=2.308, 95%CI:1.807-2.949) and discrimination against AIDS (medium, OR=0.703, 95%CI: 0.532-0.928; high, OR=0.699, 95%CI: 0.502-0.974) as factors affecting awareness of nPEP. Conclusions The awareness of nPEP among residents in Yangzhou City needs to be improved. Employees in government agencies, enterprises and public institutions and students have higher awareness of nPEP.

Objective:To measure and analyze the spherical radius of Monson of normal young people in Guangdong province using cone-beam CT (CBCT), and to establish a personalized measurement method of the spherical radius of Monson to provide a reference for clinical application of Monson spherical radius in occlusal reconstruction.Methods:Sixty healthy young adults from physical examination population at Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University [30 males and 30 females, aged (22.1±2.0) years 18-26 years) were recruited, and their CBCT were taken. Three-dimensional reconstruction of CBCT data was carried out, and the reconstructed models were fixed, traced and measured. The difference of Monson spherical radius between male and female was compared by using a single sample t-test. Results:The Monson spherical radius was (100.72±4.89) mm. The Monson spherical radius of male and female were (103.48±4.19) mm and (97.97±3.93) mm respectively. The difference between male and female was statistically significant ( P<0.01). Conclusions:CBCT can be used to accurately measure the spherical radius of Monson and can be used as a reference for reconstruction of occlusal plane.

ObjectiveTo investigate the safety and clinical effect of pancreaticoduodenectomy with total mesopancreas excision (TMpE) versus traditional pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) in the treatment of pancreatic head carcinoma and periampullary cancer. MethodsPubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CBM, CNKI, Wanfang Data, and VIP were searched for the Chinese and English articles on the clinical effect of TMpE and PD in the treatment of pancreatic head carcinoma and periampullary cancer published from January 2007 to February 2020. Quality assessment was performed for the articles included, and Revman 5.3 software was used to perform the Meta-analysis. ResultsFive retrospective cohort studies were included after screening, with a total of 358 patients, among whom 188 underwent TMpE and 170 underwent PD. The results of the meta-analysis showed that compared with the PD group, the TMpE group had a significant increase in the incidence rate of pancreatic fistula (odds ratio ［OR］=1.69, 95% confidence interval ［CI］: 1.03-2.78, P=0.04), while there was no significant difference in the incidence rate of postoperative complications between the two groups (OR=1.51, 95% CI: 0.76-2.98, P=0.24). In addition, TMpE improved R0 resection rate (OR=2.89, 95% CI: 1.30-6.43, P=0.009), number of dissected lymph nodes (mean difference ［MD］=5.14, 95% CI: 4.16-6.13, P＜0.001), and 1-year survival rate after surgery (OR=260, 95% CI: 1.45-4.69, P=0.001), without increasing the time of operation (MD=7.74, 95% CI: -42.84 to 58.33, P=076), intraoperative blood loss (MD = -45.89, 95% CI: -198.19 to 106.41, P=0.55), and the length of postoperative hospital stay (MD=-4.62, 95% CI: -16.60 to 7.36, P=0.45). ConclusionTMpE is safe and feasible in the treatment of pancreatic head carcinoma and periampullary cancer and has the advantages of high R0 resection rate and 1-year survival rate after surgery, and therefore, it may become a preferred treatment method for pancreatic head carcinoma and periampullary cancer.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of autologous whole blood injections (AWBI) combined with antihistamines for the treatment of patients with refractory chronic spontaneous urticaria and positive autologous serum skin test (ASST),to evaluate its effect on the expression of the high-affinity IgE receptor (FcεR Ⅰ) and CD63 on basophils,and to analyze the possible mechanism underlying the treatment of ASST-positive chronic urticaria with AWBI.Methods Eighty patients with ASST-positive chronic intractable urticaria were enrolled from Department of Dermatology,The First Hospital Affiliated to Army Medical University between November 2017 and June 2018,and randomly and equally divided into two groups by a random number table:AWBI group and control group were both conventionally treated with oral loratadine and ebastine,and AWBI group were additionally treated with AWBI once a week for 12 sessions.Before the treatment and after 12-week treatment,urticaria activity score of 7 days (UAS7) and dermatology life quality index (DLQI) in the two groups were evaluated.Among 30 patients in the AWBI group,flow cytometry was performed to determine the expression of FcεRⅠ and CD63 on the basophils in the peripheral blood at the baseline,weeks 4,8 and 12 after the initial treatment.Statistical analysis was carried out with GraphPad Prism 7.00 software by t test for the comparison of UAS7 or DLQI scores,Mann-Whitney U test for the comparison of FcεR Ⅰ α expression,paired Wilcoxon signed rank test for comparing FceR Ⅰ α or CD63 expression between two different time points,and Spearman correlation analysis for analyzing the correlation between FcεR Ⅰ α and CD63 expression.Results Before the treatment,no significant differences in UAS7 or DLQI scores were observed between the AWBI group and control group (UAS7:27.15 ± 4.53 vs.26.90 ± 5.22;DLQI:16.88 ± 6.01 vs.17.08 ± 6.79;both P ＞ 0.05).After 12-week treatment,UAS7 and DLQI scores both significantly decreased in the two groups compared with those before the treatment (all P ＜ 0.01),and were significantly lower in the AWBI group than in the control group (UAS7:14.25 ± 7.56 vs.19.93 ± 6.32;DLQI:8.48 ± 4.15 vs.13.93 ± 5.43;both P ＜ 0.01).At the baseline,weeks 4,8 and 12 after the initial treatment,the fluorescence intensities of FcεR Ⅰα on basophils (M [P25,P75]) in the AWBI group were 22 532 (16 740,29 220),16 911 (10 240,21 816),13 282 (7 600,16 848) and 11 466 (7 161,14 578) respectively,and the proportions of CD63+ basophils induced by ASST-positive serum (M [P25,P75]) in the AWBI group were 35.25％ (26.75％,49.13％),25.95％ (19.37％,37.54％),13.57％ (7.79％,19.57％) and 9.87％ (6.43％,16.52％) respectively.At week 4 after the initial treatment,the expression of FcεR Ⅰα and CD63 on basophils in the AWBI group both significantly decreased compared with those at the baseline (both P ＜ 0.01),but significantly increased compared with those at week 8 (both P ＜ 0.01).The changes in FcεR Ⅰ α expression from baseline to week 4,from week 4 to week 8,and from week 8 to week 12 were positively correlated with the changes in CD63 expression induced by ASST-positive serum (r =0.364,0.422,0.455,respectively,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion AWBI combined with antihistamines can improve the clinical symptoms of ASST-positive refractory chronic urticaria,likely by affecting the expression of FcεR Ⅰ and CD63 on basophils.

Objective By analyzing the monitoring data and the outbreak of brucellosis in Qingyang City in 2014,to provide a epidemiological evidence for prevention and control of the disease.Methods According to the requirements of Gansu Province Human Brucellosis Surveillance Program and Qingyang City Human Brucellosis Surveillance Program,we implemented epidemiological investigation in the high-risk group of brucellosis in 40townships under the jurisdiction of 8 countries in Qingyang.Detailed information on subject's exposure with livestock,clinical symnptoms and incidence were asked and recorded.Venous blood samples of 3-5 ml of suspected cases were collected.Then the rose bengal plate agglutination test (RBPT) was used to test the separated serum,and the standard tube agglutination test (SAT) was used to test the serum sample of positively infected person in the laboratory.Our test methods and results were in accordance with the implementation of Criteria for the Diagnosis of Brucellosis(WS 269-2007).For identified outbreaks,appropriate actions were taken based on regulations in the Brucellosis Prevention Manual.Results In 2014,we inspected 9 498 people in the whole city,implemented epidemiological investigation and collected 1 673 blood samples.Three hundred and thirty-eight samples were positive for RBPT.The infection rate was 20.20％ (338/1 673).Also there were 260 SAT positive samples (1 ∶ 100 ++above).The positive rate was 15.54％ (260/1 673).Combined with clinical symptoms,260 cases were confirmed (241cases were newly made and 19 cases were primary).The prevalence rate was 2.74％ (260/9 498).There were 12cases in total in outbreak points (2 cases in Huachi,3 cases in Huanxian,5 cases in Heshui,1 case in Qingcheng,and 1 case in Zhenyuan).Our epidemiological survey included 1 270 people,and we collected 308 blood samples.Fifty-one presented positive results for RBPT.The positive rate was 16.51％ (51/308);50 presented positive results for SAT.The positive rate was 16.23％ (50/308).Fifty cases were confirmed cases in the outbreak,all of which were new cases of this year,and the incidence was 3.94％ (50/1 270).Conclusions Brucellosis epidemic in Qingyang City has begun to rebound obviously,at the same time the outbreak points increased significantly.Both of which should capture the authorities' attention.The local government is supposed to undertake the due obligations to strengthen prevention and make efforts to control the spread of brucellosis.

Objective To study serum IL-22 levels in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus (PPTDM) and to analysis their clinical significance.Methods ELISA was used to detect serum IL-22 levels in 30 cases PPTDM pa-tients,30 cases pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB)patients,30 cases diabetes mellitus (DM)patients and 30 cases healthy vol-unteers (HV).Results Serum IL-22 levels of PPTDM patients (54.4±4.81 pg/ml)were significantly lower than those in diabetes mellitus (DM)patients (72.36±5.12 pg/ml)and healthy volunteers (HV)(68.32±3.08 pg/ml)(t=2.557,P =0.013;t=2.437,P =0.018),respectively.There was no significantly different of serum IL-22 levels between PPTDM and PTB patients (t=1.190,P =0.239).Serum IL-22 levels of diabetes mellitus coincident with pulmonary tuberculosis (DM-PTB)patients (64.62±8.59 pg/ml)were significantly higher than those in pulmonary tuberculosis coincident with diabetes mellitus (PTB-DM)patients (44.21±2.68 pg/ml)(t=2.267,P =0.031).Conclusion IL-22 may play an important role in PPTDM development.