Radionuclides can be hazardous by absorbed through the skin, respiratory and digestive tracts. Chelating agents and adsorbents already could effectively remove them, however traditional chelators have side effects such as nephrotoxicity, teratogenicity, and embryotoxicity. As a new type of nuclide adsorbent, polysaccharide has the advantages of safety, biocompatibility, and high clearance rate. In this paper, the main types and perniciousness of radionuclides, and the latest research of polysaccharides in radionuclide removal were summarized. The application of polysaccharide as an effective adsorption molecule for radio nuclides in nuclear wars, nuclear accidents and other sudden nuclear events is promising.

ObjectiveTo explore the molecular mechanism of aerobic exercise to improve hippocampal neuronal degeneration by regulating tryptophan metabolic pathway. Methods60 SPF-grade C57BL/6J male mice were divided into a young group (2 months old, n=30) and a senile group (12 months old, n=30), and each group was further divided into a control group (C/A group, n=15) and an exercise group (CE/AE group, n=15). An aerobic exercise program was used for 8 weeks. Learning memory ability was assessed by Y-maze, and anxiety-depression-like behavior was detected by absent field experiment. Hippocampal Trp levels were measured by GC-MS. Nissl staining was used to observe the number and morphology of hippocampal neurons, and electron microscopy was used to detect synaptic ultrastructure. ELISA was used to detect the levels of hippocampal Trp,5-HT, Kyn, KATs, KYNA, KMO, and QUIN; Western blot was used to analyze the activities of TPH2, IDO1, and TDO enzymes. ResultsGroup A mice showed significant decrease in learning and memory ability (P<0.05) and increase in anxiety and depressive behaviors (P<0.05); all of AE group showed significant improvement (P<0.05). Hippocampal Trp levels decreased in group A (P<0.05) and increased in AE group (P<0.05). Nidus vesicles were reduced and synaptic structures were degraded in group A (P<0.05), and both were significantly improved in group AE (P<0.05). The levels of Trp, 5-HT, KATs, and KYNA were decreased (P<0.05) and the levels of Kyn, KMO, and QUIN were increased (P<0.05) in group A. The activity of TPH2 was decreased (P<0.05), and the activities of IDO1 and TDO were increased (P<0.05). The AE group showed the opposite trend. ConclusionThe aging process significantly reduces the learning memory ability and increases the anxiety-depression-like behavior of mice, and leads to the reduction of the number of nidus vesicles and degenerative changes of synaptic structure in the hippocampus, whereas aerobic exercise not only effectively enhances the spatial learning memory ability and alleviates the anxiety-depression-like behavior of aging mice, but also improves the morphology and structure of neurons in hippocampal area, which may be achieved by the mechanism of regulating the tryptophan metabolic pathway.

Aim To explore the mechanism of the effect of rosiglitazone(Rsg)on the pancreatic cancer in diabetic mice based on the impact of PPARγ on glu-cose transport and metabolism.Methods A high-fat and high sugar diet combined with STZ was used to construct T2DM model;T2DM mice and normal mice were subcutaneously injected with PANC02 cells to construct a transplanted tumor model.T2DM trans-planted tumor mice and normal transplanted tumor mice were divided into the following groups:Rsg,PPARy inhibitor(PIN-2),rosiglitazone+PPARγ in-hibitor(Rsg+PIN-2),and normal transplanted tumor mice(NDM)and T2DM transplanted tumor mice(DM)were used as control groups,respectively.Tis-sue samples were collected after intervention.Tissue pathological changes were observed by HE staining.The expressions of Ki67 and PCNA proteins were de-tected by immunohistochemistry.Cell apoptosis was detected by TUNEL assay.The expression of PPARγwas detected by immunofluorescence.The expressions of Glucokinase,GLUT2,Nkx6.1,PDX-1RT-PCR were determined by Western blot.Results Rsg could significantly reduce the tumor mass,pathological chan-ges,Ki67 and PCNA expression of transplanted tumors(P＜0.05),increase cell apoptosis and the expression of PPARγ,Glucokinase,GLUT2,Nkx6.1,PDX-1 proteins in NDM and DM mice(P＜0.05).PIN-2 could reverse the indicator changes caused by Rsg in NDM and DM mice.However,compared with NDM mice,the above related indicators of the DM group mice were more sensitive to Rsg and PIN-2.Conclu-sions Compared to non-diabetic pancreatic cancer,rosiglitazone can more sensitively inhibit the prolifera-tion of pancreatic cancer with T2DM,induce apopto-sis,and reprogram the metabolism of pancreatic cancer with T2DM by activating PPA Rγ and altering the ex-pression of glucose and lipid metabolism genes,there-by exerting an anti-cancer effect.

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of the posterior hemipelvectomy of the greater trochanter approach with the standard Kocher-Langenbeck(K-L)approach in the treatment of posterior acetabulum wall fractures and to explore a more optimal approach for the treatment of posterior acetabulum wall fractures.Methods Total of 26 patients with posterior ac-etabulum wall fractures were retrospectively analysed and divided into two groups:the posterior hemipelvectomy of the greater trochanter group(test group)and the standard K-L approach group(control group).In the test group,there were 24 patients including 16 males and 8 females with an average age of(42.00±4.52)years old,the time of injury to surgery was(6.75±1.15)d.In the control group,there were 23 patients including 16 males and 7 females with an average age of(41.00±5.82)years old,the time of injury to surgery was(7.09±1.20)days.The total hospital stay,length of incision,operation time,intraoperative bleeding,postoperative drainage,discharge,fracture reduction quality(Matta criteria),hip abduction muscle strength,hip func-tion(Merle d'Aubigne-Postel score),postoperative complications and the incidence of ectopic ossification were compared.Results All cases were followed up for 6 months.There was no significant difference in incision length,intraoperative bleeding and postoperative drainage between two groups(P＞0.05).However,the operation time of the test group was shorter than that of the control group(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in fracture reduction and hip function between two groups(P＞0.05).The hip abduction muscle strength of test group was better than that of control group(P＜0.05).In addition,there was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications and heterotopic ossification between two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion Compared with the standard K-L approach,the posterior hemipelvectomy of the greater trochanter approach can shorten the operative time,has better recovery of the postoperative hip abduction muscle strength,ex-poses the view of the fracture involving the more comminuted posterior acetabulum wall or the fracture of the roof of the socket,improved the rate of fracture anatomical repositioning,provides a new idea for the clinical treatment of posterior acetabulum wall fractures,and allows patients to perform functional exercises at an early stage.

Objective To assess the clinical short-term outcomes of implanting D-shant atrial shunt device(aSD)in a single center for patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction(HFrEF).Methods From January 2022 to January 2023,a retrospective analysis was conducted on 12 patients with HFrEF who underwent percutaneous implantation of a D-shant aSD.We assessed cardiac chamber size and ventricular function using echocardiography,right heart catheterization measurements and patient clinical indicators were collected,follow up data of 12 months postoperative and pre-implantation D-shant were compared.The primary endpoint of the study was the cumulative occurrence of adverse cardiac,neurologic,or renal events during the follow-up period.Secondary endpoints were improvements in functional status included cardiac function,quality of life,and exercise capacity.Results All 12 patients underwent successful percutaneous inter-atrial shunting procedures using the D-shant.Postoperative immediately fluoroscopy and echocardiography confirmed accurate localization and patency of the atrial shunt devices in all cases.Postoperative hemodynamic assessment revealed a significant decrease in pulmonary capillary wedge pressure[(29.8±3.4)mmHg vs.(17.8±0.8)mmHg,P＜0.001].During 12 months follow-up,the cumulative adverse event rate was 8.3％(one patient received a heart transplant),a significant reduction in left atrial diameter from(65.8±6.5)mm to(48.0±4.5)mm(P＜0.001)was observed.Furthermore,there was notable improvement in clinical cardiac function indices quality of life,and exercise capacity of the patients.Conclusions This single-center retrospective study found that the use of a D-shant aSD to perform percutaneous interatrial shunting in patients with HFrEF is safe and effective.Short-term follow-up demonstrated sustained patency of the shunt and that the intervention was associated with improved functional status.

Objective To monitor the antifungal resistance of clinical isolates of Candida spp.in the East China region.Methods MALDI-TOF MS or molecular methods were used to re-identify the strains collected from January 2018 to December 2022.Antifungal susceptibility testing was performed using the broth microdilution method.The susceptibility test results were interpreted according to the breakpoints of 2022 Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI)documents M27 M44s-Ed3 and M57s-Ed4.Results A total of 3 026 strains of Candida were collected,65.33％of which were isolated from sterile body sites,mainly from blood(38.86％)and pleural effusion/ascites(10.21％).The predominant species of Candida were Candida albicans(44.51％),followed by Candida parapsilosis complex(19.46％),Candida tropicalis(13.98％),Candida glabrata(10.34％),and other Candida species(0.79％).Candida albicans showed overall high susceptibility rates to the 10 antifungal drugs tested(the lowest rate being 93.62％).Only 2.97％of the strains showed dose-dependent susceptibility(SDD)to fluconazole.Candida parapsilosis complex had a SDD rate of 2.61％and a resistance rate of 9.42％to fluconazole,and susceptibility rates above 90％to other drugs.Candida glabrata had a SDD rate of 92.01％and a resistance rate of 7.99％to fluconazole,resistance rates of 32.27％and 48.24％to posaconazole and voriconazole non-wild-type strains(NWT),respectively,and susceptibility rates above 90％to other drugs.Candida tropicalis had resistance rates of 29.55％and 26.24％to fluconazole and voriconazole,respectively,resistance rates of 76.60％and 21.99％to posaconazole and echinocandins non-wild-type strains(NWT),and a resistance rate of 2.36％to echinocandins.Conclusions The prevalence and species distribution of Candida spp.in the East China region are consistent with previous domestic and international reports.Candida glabrata exhibits certain degree of resistance to fluconazole,while Candida tropicalis demonstrates higher resistance to triazole drugs.Additionally,echinocandins resistance has emerged in Candida albicans,Candida glabrata,Candida tropicalis,and Candida parapsilosis.

This study was aimed at exploring the epidemiological characteristics of plague,and the evolutionary relation-ships among the isolated plague strains in the Yunnan border area,to provide clues for further studying epidemic causes and ep-idemiological patterns.Plague epidemic data in the border area during the second epidemic period(1982-2007)were collected and analyzed with descriptive epidemiological methods.Whole genome sequences of 262 strains of Yersinia pestis in the border area were obtained for phylogenetic analysis.Plague outbreaks occurred in 17 counties(cities)among 25 border counties(cit-ies);a total of 552 epidemic foci and 123 human cases were identified.The 1.ORI2,1.ORI3,1.IN3,2.ANT and 2.MED geno-types were identified among Yersinia pestis isolated from the Yunnan border area,among which the 1.ORI2 population was dominant.A total of 258 strains of Yersinia pestis from the 1.OR12 population belonged to four subclusters.The Myanmar and Vietnam clade was embedded within the Yunnan clade in the overall phylogeny.The above results indicated that during the sec-ond period of the epidemic,the intensity of plague epidemics in Yunnan's border areas was high,showing a trend of devel-opment from west to south and east.Our findings indicated a risk of cross-border transmission of plague between Yunnan and neighboring countries;therefore,the surveillance,pre-vention,and control of plague in border areas should be strengthened.

Coronavirus infection can cause serious respiratory and digestive system diseases in hu-mans and animals.In recent years,the frequent outbreaks and newly outbreaks of coronavirus in-fection have threatened global public health and the development of livestock and poultry.Howev-er,the development of anti-coronavirus drugs and vaccines was restricted due to the insufficient understanding of the mechanisms of coronavirus pathogenesis and cross species transmission.Re-verse genetic manipulation technology is a powerful tool in virological research,which can be used for the study of pathogenesis mechanisms,replication mechanisms and function analysis of protein.It is also be used in the development of attenuated or gene labeled vaccines,and antiviral drugs.Due to the large genome and complex structure of the coronavirus,the reverse genetic manipulation technology of coronavirus has been lagging for a long time.With the continuous updating of molec-ular biology methods,various new construction strategies have emerged.This article focuses on the construction strategy of the reverse genetic operating system for coronavirus,as well as its applica-tion in virus transmission and pathogenic mechanisms,and development of vaccines,which will provide favorable tools for the prevention and control of the coronavirus infection.

Objective:To investigate the effect of CD8+CD28-T cells on acute graft-versus-host disease(aGVHD)after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(haplo-HSCT).Methods:The relationship between absolute count of CD8+CD28-T cells and aGVHD in 60 patients with malignant hematological diseases was retrospectively analyzed after haplo-HSCT,and the differences in the incidence rate of chronic graft-versus host disease(cGVHD),infection and prognosis between different CD8+CD28-T absolute cells count groups were compared.Results:aGVHD occurred in 40 of 60 patients after haplo-HSCT,with an incidence rate of 66.67％.The median occurrence time of aGVHD was 32.5(20-100)days.At 30 days after the transplantation,the absolute count of CD8+CD28-T cells of aGVHD group was significantly lower than that of non-aGVHD group(P=0.03).Thus the absolute count of CD8+CD28-T cells at 30 days after transplantation can be used to predict the occurrence of aGVHD to some extent.At 30 days after transplantation,the incidence rate of aGVHD in the low cell count group(CD8+CD28-T cells absolute count＜0.06/μl)was significantly higher than that in the high cell count group(CD8+CD28-T cells absolute count ≥0.06/μl,P=0.011).Multivariate Cox regression analysis further confirmed that the absolute count of CD8+CD28-T cells at 30 days after transplantation was an independent risk factor for aGVHD,and the risk of aGVHD in the low cell count group was 2.222 times higher than that in the high cell count group(P=0.015).The incidence of cGVHD,fungal infection,EBV infection and CMV infection were not significantly different between the two groups with different CD8+CD28-T cells absolute count.The overall survival,non-recurrent mortality and relapse rates were not significantly different between different CD8+CD28-T cells absolute count groups.Conclusion:Patients with delayed CD8+CD28-T cells reconstitution after haplo-HSCT are more likely to develop aGVHD,and the absolute count of CD8+CD28-T cells can be used to predict the incidence of aGVHD to some extent.The absolute count of CD8+CD28-T cells after haplo-HSCT was not associated with cGVHD,fungal infection,EBV infection,and CMV infection,and was also not significantly associated with the prognosis after transplantation.

Objective To understand the proficiency level and sources of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)health education among hemodialysis patients,in order to provide the basis for promoting the application of TCM nursing in hemodialysis patients.Methods Utilizing a convenience sampling approach,we conducted a survey from April to May 2023 involving hemodialysis patients from 7 tertiary TCM hospitals across Beijing,Hebei Province,Sichuan Province,and other regions.Custom-made questionnaires were utilized,gathering general information,respons-es conceming the level of mastery on TCM health education,and their primary sources of such knowledge.Results A total of 413 questionnaires were disseminated,and 392 proved valid,yielding a valid response rate of 94.92％.The score of patient's knowledge on TCM health education averaged(8.25±3.73),and an average score rate of 48.53％was obtained.In the patients undergoing hemodialysis,a relatively larger number of people possess knowl-edge of TCM health knowledge about relieving symptoms(50.8％～55.9％)and traditional Chinese daily life routines(56.4％～90.1％).However,fewer people are aware of how to use the five-tone therapy method for emotional inter-vention(40.8％)and principle of taking restorative Traditional Chinese Medicine(24.5％～36.7％),the dietary prin-ciples of"nurturing yang in spring and summer,and nurturing yin in autumn and winter"(14.3％),and theories of TCM kidney functions(9.9％).Approximately 23.0％of the patients sourced their TCM health education knowledge from new media platforms.Compared with new media method alone,patients who utilized only traditional education-al platforms(P=0.020),and those who combined both new media and traditional methods(P=0.018)demonstrated higher proficiency in TCM health education.Conclusion Hemodialysis caregivers are urged to develop a TCM health education framework that emphasizes emotional well-being and traditional wellness concepts,thereby fostering patient-centric TCM health ideologies.Hemodialysis education personnel are encouraged to leverage new media whilst ensuring education quality and effective outcomes.