Objective To evaluate the clinical outcome of neurosurgical robot-assisted stereotactic puncture and drainage for brain abscess.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 53 patients with brain abscess admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to December 2024.Among them,29 cases underwent craniotomy for abscess resection(craniotomy group),while 24 cases received neurosurgical robot-assisted stereotactic puncture and drainage(robot-assisted group).The operation time,intraoperative blood loss,decompressive craniectomy rate,proportion of postoperative antibiotic regimen adjustment,postoperative hospital stay,incidence of postoperative complications,mortality rate and Glasgow outcome scale(GOS)scores 6 months after surgery of patients were compared between the two groups.Results Compared with the craniotomy group,the robot-assisted group demonstrated significantly shorter operation time,less intraoperative blood loss,and lower incidence of postoperative complication,the differences were all statistically significant(P<0.05).However,there were no statistically significant differences in terms of decompressive craniectomy rate,postoperative hospital stay,mortality rate,GOS score,or proportion of the postoperative antibiotic regimen adjustment between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion As a precise and minimally invasive surgical method,neurosurgical robot-assisted stereotactic puncture and drainage for patients with brain abscess can effectively improve the operational efficiency,shorten the operation time,reduce intraoperative injury,and lower the risk of postoperative complications.It has high clinical application value and potential for widespread adoption.

Objective To evaluate the clinical outcome of neurosurgical robot-assisted stereotactic puncture and drainage for brain abscess.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 53 patients with brain abscess admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to December 2024.Among them,29 cases underwent craniotomy for abscess resection(craniotomy group),while 24 cases received neurosurgical robot-assisted stereotactic puncture and drainage(robot-assisted group).The operation time,intraoperative blood loss,decompressive craniectomy rate,proportion of postoperative antibiotic regimen adjustment,postoperative hospital stay,incidence of postoperative complications,mortality rate and Glasgow outcome scale(GOS)scores 6 months after surgery of patients were compared between the two groups.Results Compared with the craniotomy group,the robot-assisted group demonstrated significantly shorter operation time,less intraoperative blood loss,and lower incidence of postoperative complication,the differences were all statistically significant(P<0.05).However,there were no statistically significant differences in terms of decompressive craniectomy rate,postoperative hospital stay,mortality rate,GOS score,or proportion of the postoperative antibiotic regimen adjustment between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion As a precise and minimally invasive surgical method,neurosurgical robot-assisted stereotactic puncture and drainage for patients with brain abscess can effectively improve the operational efficiency,shorten the operation time,reduce intraoperative injury,and lower the risk of postoperative complications.It has high clinical application value and potential for widespread adoption.

Objective:To investigate the genetic causal relationship of leukocyte telomere length(LTL)with prostatitis,orchi-tis and epididymitis by two-sample Mendelian randomization(MR).Methods:Using LTL as the exposure factor and prostatitis,or-chitis and epididymitis as outcome factors,we mined the Database of Genome-Wide Association Studies(GWAS).Then,we analyzed the causal relationship of LTL with prostatitis,orchitis and epididymitis by Mendelian randomization using inverse variance weighting(IVW)as the main method and weighted median and MR-Egger regression as auxiliary methods,determined the horizontal multiplicity by MR-Egger intercept test,and conducted sensitivity analysis using the leaving-one-out method.Results:A total of 121 related sin-gle nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)were identified in this study.IVW showed LTL to be a risk factor for prostatitis(OR=1.383,95％CI:1.044-1.832,P=0.024),and for orchitis and epididymitis as well(OR=1.770,95％CI:1.275-2.456,P=0.000 6).Conclusion:Genetic evidence from Mendelian randomized analysis indicates that shortening of LTL reduces the risk of prostatitis,orchitis and epididymitis.

Objective To investigate the activated phenotype and the expression of the receptor of advanced glycation endproducts(RAGE)of astrocytes after hypoxic-ischemic brain damage(HIBD)in neonatal rats and the effects of gastrodin(GAS)intervention on them.Methods Totally 48 neonatal 3 days SD rats were used to construct HIBD model and randomly divided into sham group,HIBD group and HIBD+GAS group(100 mg/kg),and the expressions of Al type astrocyte marker C3,A2 type astrocyte marker S100A10,RAGE,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF),and insulin-like growth factor(IGF-1)in the corpus callosum of the ischemic side were detected by Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining on day 1 and day 3 after HIBD.TNC-1 cells were divided into control group,oxygen glucose deprivation(OGD)group,OGD+GAS(0.34 mmol/L)group and GAS group,and then the protein expressions of RAGE,TNF-α,BDNF and IGF-1 were detected by Western blotting and immunofluorescence.Results In vivo,Western blotting showed that compared with the sham group,the protein expression levels of C3,S100A10,RAGE,TNF-α and IGF-1 in the 1 day and 3 days groups after HIBD group in 1 day group were significantly higher than those in the sham group(P＜0.05),but the protein expression level of BDNF decreased in 1 day group and increased in 3 days group(P＜0.05).Compared with the HIBD group,the C3,RAGE and TNF-α protein expression levels were significantly attenuated in the HIBD+GAS group(P＜0.05),and the protein expression levels of BDNF and IGF-1 further increased(P＜0.05).The protein expression of S100A10 in the 3 days group was higher than that in the HIBD group after GAS treatment(P＜0.05).The immunohistochemical staining results of C3,S100A10,and RAGE in the 1 day and 3 days groups after HIBD were consistent with Western blotting results.Furthermore,the protein expressions of RAGE and TNF-α were significantly enhanced in OGD-stimulated astrocytes(P＜0.05).After GAS intervention,while the expressions of both RAGE and TNF-α decreased significantly(P＜0.05),the expressions of BDNF and IGF-1 increased significantly(P＜0.05).Conclusion With inhibiting the up-regulation of RAGE signal in astrocyte after HIBD and expressions of A1 astrocyte and neuroinflammatory factors,gastrodin can promot the expressions of A2 astrocyte and nutritional factors,which play an important role in neuro-protective effect.

Objective Tissue uptake and distribution of nano-/microplastics was studied at a single high dose by gavage in vivo.Methods Fluorescent microspheres (100 nm, 3 μm, and 10 μm) were given once at a dose of 200 mg/(kg·body weight). The fluorescence intensity (FI) in observed organs was measured using the IVIS Spectrum at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 h after administration. Histopathology was performed to corroborate these findings.Results In the 100 nm group, the FI of the stomach and small intestine were highest at 0.5 h, and the FI of the large intestine, excrement, lung, kidney, liver, and skeletal muscles were highest at 4 h compared with the control group (P < 0.05). In the 3 μm group, the FI only increased in the lung at 2 h (P < 0.05). In the 10 μm group, the FI increased in the large intestine and excrement at 2 h, and in the kidney at 4 h (P < 0.05). The presence of nano-/microplastics in tissues was further verified by histopathology. The peak time of nanoplastic absorption in blood was confirmed.Conclusion Nanoplastics translocated rapidly to observed organs/tissues through blood circulation;however, only small amounts of MPs could penetrate the organs.

Precancerous lesions of gastric cancer(PLGC)is a key pathological stage in the process of inflammation cancer transformation of the gastric mucosa.Early diagnosis and effective intervention in this stage have positive significance in preventing the occurrence of gastric cancer.Numerous studies have confirmed that traditional Chinese medicine can effectively intervene in PLGC by regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis,regulating inflammatory response,anti angiogenesis,inhibiting epithelial mesenchymal transition,inhibiting glycolysis,antioxidant stress,combating helicobacter pylori,regulating autophagy levels,and regulating gut microbiota through various pathways.The article systematically elaborates on the research status of the intervention mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine monomers or extracts,and traditional Chinese medicine formulas in PLGC,aiming to provide reference for the clinical treatment of this disease and related drug development.

Objective To explore the intervention effect and mechanism of Zhiwei Fuwei pills on precancerous lesions of gastric cancer(PLGC)model rats based on hypoxia-inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α)/vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)signaling pathway.Methods PLGC model rats were established by the combination of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine and ammonia drinking,hunger and satiation disorder,ethanol gavage and ranitidine feeding,and were randomly divided into model group,control group and experimental-H,-M,-L groups,with 8 rats in each group.Another 8 healthy rats were selected as blank group.Experimental-H,-M,-L groups were given 1.67,0.84 and 0.42 g·kg-1 Zhiwei Fuwei pills solution by intragastric administration,respectively;control group was given 2.00 × 10-3g·kg-1 folic acid solution by intragastric administration;blank group and model group were given 0.9％NaCl by intragastric administration,once a day for 4 weeks.The structural changes of gastric microvessels were detected by transmission electron microscopy,and the expression levels of HIF-1α,VEGF,vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2(VEGFR-2)and Angiopoietin-2(Ang-2)were detected by western blot.Results Compared with the model group,the abnormality of gastric microvascular structure in experimental-H,-M,-L groups was improved to some extent,and the effect of high dose experimental group was the most obvious.The relative expression levels of HIF-1 α protein in experimental-H,-M groups and control group,model group and blank group were 0.43±0.03,0.66±0.04,0.77±0.01,0.80±0.02 and 0.37±0.02;the relative expression levels of VEGF protein were 0.97±0.06,1.21±0.06,1.51±0.07,1.54±0.05 and 0.88±0.02;the relative expression levels of VEGFR-2 protein were 1.03±0.06,1.18±0.04,1.37±0.05,1.45±0.02 and 0.70±0.02;the relative expression levels of Ang-2 protein were 0.51±0.03,0.61±0.02,0.71±0.01,0.78±0.03 and 0.34±0.01,respectively.Compared with the model group,the above indexes in the experimental-H,-M groups were statistically significant(all P＜0.01).Conclusion Zhiwei Fuwei pills may inhibit the abnormal activation of HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway,improve hypoxia microenvironment,reduce angiogenesis,and then effectively interfere with the progression of PLGC.

Objective To explore the intervention effect and mechanism of Zhiwei Fuwei pills on precancerous lesions of gastric cancer(PLGC)model rats based on hypoxia-inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α)/vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)signaling pathway.Methods PLGC model rats were established by the combination of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine and ammonia drinking,hunger and satiation disorder,ethanol gavage and ranitidine feeding,and were randomly divided into model group,control group and experimental-H,-M,-L groups,with 8 rats in each group.Another 8 healthy rats were selected as blank group.Experimental-H,-M,-L groups were given 1.67,0.84 and 0.42 g·kg-1 Zhiwei Fuwei pills solution by intragastric administration,respectively;control group was given 2.00 × 10-3g·kg-1 folic acid solution by intragastric administration;blank group and model group were given 0.9％NaCl by intragastric administration,once a day for 4 weeks.The structural changes of gastric microvessels were detected by transmission electron microscopy,and the expression levels of HIF-1α,VEGF,vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2(VEGFR-2)and Angiopoietin-2(Ang-2)were detected by western blot.Results Compared with the model group,the abnormality of gastric microvascular structure in experimental-H,-M,-L groups was improved to some extent,and the effect of high dose experimental group was the most obvious.The relative expression levels of HIF-1 α protein in experimental-H,-M groups and control group,model group and blank group were 0.43±0.03,0.66±0.04,0.77±0.01,0.80±0.02 and 0.37±0.02;the relative expression levels of VEGF protein were 0.97±0.06,1.21±0.06,1.51±0.07,1.54±0.05 and 0.88±0.02;the relative expression levels of VEGFR-2 protein were 1.03±0.06,1.18±0.04,1.37±0.05,1.45±0.02 and 0.70±0.02;the relative expression levels of Ang-2 protein were 0.51±0.03,0.61±0.02,0.71±0.01,0.78±0.03 and 0.34±0.01,respectively.Compared with the model group,the above indexes in the experimental-H,-M groups were statistically significant(all P＜0.01).Conclusion Zhiwei Fuwei pills may inhibit the abnormal activation of HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway,improve hypoxia microenvironment,reduce angiogenesis,and then effectively interfere with the progression of PLGC.

Precancerous lesions of gastric cancer(PLGC)is a key pathological stage in the process of inflammation cancer transformation of the gastric mucosa.Early diagnosis and effective intervention in this stage have positive significance in preventing the occurrence of gastric cancer.Numerous studies have confirmed that traditional Chinese medicine can effectively intervene in PLGC by regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis,regulating inflammatory response,anti angiogenesis,inhibiting epithelial mesenchymal transition,inhibiting glycolysis,antioxidant stress,combating helicobacter pylori,regulating autophagy levels,and regulating gut microbiota through various pathways.The article systematically elaborates on the research status of the intervention mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine monomers or extracts,and traditional Chinese medicine formulas in PLGC,aiming to provide reference for the clinical treatment of this disease and related drug development.