Objective: To investigate the current status and influencing factors of overweight and obesity among adults in Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province, so as to provide a basis for developing targeted weight management measures. Methods: In 2024, a multistage stratified random cluster sampling method was employed to recruit permanent residents aged ≥18 years from Jiaxing City for questionnaire surveys. Data on basic information, lifestyle behaviors, and history of chronic diseases were collected. Height and body weight were measured, and overweight and obesity were determined based on body mass index (BMI). The influencing factors of overweight and obesity among adults were analyzed by a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: Totally 10 509 questionnaires were allocated, and 9 802 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 93.27%. Among the respondents, 4 808 (49.05%) were males and 4 994 (50.95%) were females, with a mean age of (51.27±17.26) years. A total of 4 884 overweight and obesity individuals were identified, with a detection rate of 49.83%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that gender (male, OR=1.719, 95%CI: 1.578-1.873), age (≥60 years, OR=0.802, 95%CI: 0.652-0.986), educational level (bachelor and above, OR=0.640, 95%CI: 0.518-0.791), marital status (being married/cohabiting, OR=1.224, 95%CI: 1.009-1.486), adequate nut intake (OR=0.910, 95%CI: 0.832-0.995), hypertension (OR=2.462, 95%CI: 2.219-2.732), and dyslipidemia (OR=1.629, 95%CI: 1.444-1.837) were statistically associated with overweight and obesity among adults. Conclusion The detected rate of overweight and obesity among adults in Jiaxing City was relatively high, and was mainly associated with gender, age, education level, marital status, nut intake, hypertension, and dyslipidemia.

Platycodonis Radix is the dry root of Platycodon grandiflorum of Campanulaceae, which has a variety of pharmacological effects and is a commonly used bulk Chinese medicine. In this study, the chloroplast genome sequences of six P. grandiflorum from different producing areas has been sequenced with Illumina HiSeq X Ten platform. The specific DNA barcodes were screened, and the germplasm resources and genetic diversity were analyzed according to the specific barcodes. The total length of the chloroplast genome of 6 P. grandiflorum samples was 172 260-172 275 bp, and all chloroplast genomes showed a typical circular tetrad structure and encoded 141 genes. The comparative genomics analysis and results of amplification efficiency demonstrated that trnG-UCC and ndhG_ndhF were the potential specific DNA barcodes for identification the germplasm resources of P. grandiflorum. A total of 305 P. grandiflorum samples were collected from 15 production areas in 9 provinces, for which the fragments of trnG-UCC and ndhG_ndhF were amplificated and the sequences were analyzed. The results showed that trnG-UCC and ndhG_ndhF have 5 and 11 mutation sites, respectively, and 5 and 7 haplotypes were identified, respectively. The combined analysis of the two sequences formed 13 haplotypes (named Hap1-Hap13), and Hap4 is the main genotype, followed by Hap1. The unique haplotypes possessed by the three producing areas can be used as DNA molecular tags in this area to distinguish from the germplasm resources of P. grandiflorum from other areas. The haplotype diversity, nucleotide diversity and genetic distance were 0.94, 4.79×10^-3 and 0.000 0-0.020 3, respectively, suggesting that the genetic diversity was abundant and intraspecific kinship was relatively close. This study laid a foundation for the identification of P. grandiflorum, the protection and utilization of germplasm resources, and molecular breeding.

Background Exposures to environmental pollution and specific occupational hazards exacerbate pulmonary fibrosis which has a complex pathogenesis and lacks effective therapeutic drugs. The extract from Dracocephalum moldavica L. can alleviate pulmonary fibrosis through anti-inflammatory and anti-pyroptosis pathways, but its mechanism of prevention and treatment for pulmonary fibrosis remains unclear. Objective To elucidate the targets and potential mechanism underlying the anti-pulmonary fibrosis efficacy of Dracocephalum moldavica L. extract by employing an amalgamation of network pharmacology and empirical verification. Methods The chemical composition of the extract of Dracocephalum moldavica L. was retrieved with the help of China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP). The disease targets related to pulmonary fibrosis were inquired using Gene Cards and DisGeNET. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) was constructed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) database and Cytoscape software. The predicted potential targets were analyzed by the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses through the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) and validated by molecular docking. Thirty-two rats were randomly divided into a control group, a model group, a low-dose group of Dracocephalum moldavica L. extract (100 mg·kg⁻¹), and a high-dose group of Dracocephalum moldavica L. extract (400 mg·kg⁻¹), with eight rats in each group. A rat model of pulmonary fibrosis was constructed using bleomycin (5 mg·kg⁻¹) intratracheal instillation, and an equal volume of saline was instilled into the control group. After modelling, 400 and 100 mg·kg⁻¹ of Dracocephalum moldavica L. extract were given the high-dose and low-dose groups by gavage, and an equal volume of saline was given by gavage to the control group and the model group, once per day, for consecutive 28 d. The animals were then neutralized, and lung tissues were collected. Structural changes in rat lung tissue were evaluated by observing stained pathological sections. Western blot (WB) was used to detect fibrosis-related proteins type I collagen (Col-I), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT) in lung tissues. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to detect α-SMA and Col-I mRNA levels in lung tissue. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in rats. Results A total of 378 key chemical components of the Dracocephalum moldavica L. extract and 1611 lung fibrosis-related targets were identified. Among them, 574 potential targets of Dracocephalum moldavica L. extract acting on lung fibrosis were obtained. The key targets determined by Degree value were albumin (ALB), tumour necrosis factor (TNF), AKT1, etc. The results of KEGG analysis suggested that the potential targets of Dracocephalum moldavica L. extract against pulmonary fibrosis mainly involved the PI3K-AKT, HIF-1 signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, and MAPK signaling pathway. The molecular docking results showed that the binding energy between the active components (quercetin, apigenin, aesculetin, quercitrin) of Dracocephalum moldavica L. extract and the core targets of pulmonary fibrosis (TNF, IL-6, ALB, AKT1) were all <-29.288 kJ·mol⁻¹, indicating good binding ability. The animal validation results showed that compared with the control group, the rats in the model group had disrupted alveolar structure, obvious inflammatory cell infiltration, positive blue-striped collagen fibre deposition, and increased Col-I and α-SMA protein expression and transcription levels (P<0.001), p-PI3K and p-AKT expression levels (P<0.001), and levels of inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β (P<0.001). Compared with the model group, the high- and low-dose groups of Dracocephalum moldavica L. extract alleviated the progression of pulmonary fibrosis, reduced inflammatory cell infiltration, and attenuated collagen fibre deposition in rats, with a decrease in the protein expression and transcription levels of Col-I and α-SMA (P<0.01), the expression levels of p-PI3K and p-AKT (P<0.001), and the levels of inflammatory factors IL-6 and TNF-α (P<0.05, P<0.001). Conclusion Dracocephalum moldavica L. extract manifests anti-pulmonary fibrotic properties through the modulation of the PI3K-AKT signaling cascade and the suppression of inflammatory reactions.

Objective:To understand the epidemiological characteristics of human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) among acute respiratory infection (ARI) cases in 16 provinces of China from 2009 to 2023.Methods:The data of this study were collected from the ARI surveillance data from 16 provinces in China from 2009 to 2023, with a total of 28 278 ARI cases included in the study. The clinical specimens from ARI cases were screened for HRSV nucleic acid from 2009 to 2023, and differences in virus detection rates among cases of different age groups, regions, and months were analyzed.Results:A total of 28 278 ARI cases were enrolled from January 2009 to September 2023. The age of the cases ranged from<1 month to 112 years, and the age M ( Q1, Q3) was 3 years (1 year, 9 years). Among them, 3 062 cases were positive for HRSV nucleic acid, with a total detection rate of 10.83%. From 2009 to 2019, the detection rate of HRSV was 9.33%, and the virus was mainly prevalent in winter and spring. During the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the detection rate of HRSV fluctuated between 6.32% and 18.67%. There was no traditional winter epidemic peak of HRSV from the end of 2022 to the beginning of 2023, and an anti-seasonal epidemic of HRSV occurred from April to May 2023. About 87.95% (2 693/3 062) of positive cases were children under 5 years old, and the difference in the detection rate of HRSV among different age groups was statistically significant ( P<0.001), showing a decreasing trend of HRSV detection rate with the increase of age ( P<0.001). Among them, the HRSV detection rate (25.69%) was highest in children under 6 months. Compared with 2009-2019, the ranking of HRSV detection rates in different age groups changed from high to low between 2020 and 2023, with the age M (Q1, Q3) of HRSV positive cases increasing from 1 year (6 months, 3 years) to 2 years (11 months, 3 years). Conclusion:Through 15 years of continuous HRSV surveillance analysis, children under 5 years old, especially infants under 6 months old, are the main high-risk population for HRSV infection. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the prevalence and patterns of HRSV in China have changed.

Objective:To explore the clinical outcome and applicability of the comb flap technique and stepwise design concept in plastic aesthetic and reconstructive surgery.Methods:The clinical data of patients who underwent plastic aesthetic and reconstructive surgery with the comb flap technique in Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2018 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The application of the comb flap technique follows the concept of stepwise design, that was, preoperative and intraoperative design and adjustment were carried out step by step and in sequence, and the design was combined with the surgical procedure. Its main operations included: an incision was designed along the edge of the target area, the tissue flap was widely separated at the base of the target area. The tissue flap was cut in sequence perpendicular to the cutting edge and temporarily sutured and fixed, the edge was cut and fixed. During the operation, the tension of the incision and the local appearance could be adjusted. The incisal edge was finely sutured, and the temporary suture was finally removed. The healing of surgical incision and complications were observed after the operation, and the facial recovery and surgical effect were followed up.Results:Six patients were enrolled, including 3 males and 3 females, aged from 2 to 58 years. One patient underwent upper eyelid tightening and lower eyelid blepharoplasty through subeyebrow incision. One patient underwent middle and lower face rhytidectomy. One patient underwent thick lip thinning and right facial liposuction. One patient underwent facial congenital melanocytic nevi resection. One patient underwent eyebrow congenital melanocytic nevus resection. One patient underwent facial flap repair. All patients had primary healing of incision, and no surgery-related complications occurred. All patients were followed up for 3 to 18 months, and all patients were satisfied with the surgical effect.Conclusion:The application of comb flap technique and stepwise design concept in plastic aesthetic and reconstructive surgery can delicately adjust the alignment of the incision margin, make the tension evenly distributed, and reduce the risk of scar formation and deformity after the operation. It has a wide range of clinical applications and good applicability.

Objective:To explore the clinical outcome and applicability of the comb flap technique and stepwise design concept in plastic aesthetic and reconstructive surgery.Methods:The clinical data of patients who underwent plastic aesthetic and reconstructive surgery with the comb flap technique in Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2018 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The application of the comb flap technique follows the concept of stepwise design, that was, preoperative and intraoperative design and adjustment were carried out step by step and in sequence, and the design was combined with the surgical procedure. Its main operations included: an incision was designed along the edge of the target area, the tissue flap was widely separated at the base of the target area. The tissue flap was cut in sequence perpendicular to the cutting edge and temporarily sutured and fixed, the edge was cut and fixed. During the operation, the tension of the incision and the local appearance could be adjusted. The incisal edge was finely sutured, and the temporary suture was finally removed. The healing of surgical incision and complications were observed after the operation, and the facial recovery and surgical effect were followed up.Results:Six patients were enrolled, including 3 males and 3 females, aged from 2 to 58 years. One patient underwent upper eyelid tightening and lower eyelid blepharoplasty through subeyebrow incision. One patient underwent middle and lower face rhytidectomy. One patient underwent thick lip thinning and right facial liposuction. One patient underwent facial congenital melanocytic nevi resection. One patient underwent eyebrow congenital melanocytic nevus resection. One patient underwent facial flap repair. All patients had primary healing of incision, and no surgery-related complications occurred. All patients were followed up for 3 to 18 months, and all patients were satisfied with the surgical effect.Conclusion:The application of comb flap technique and stepwise design concept in plastic aesthetic and reconstructive surgery can delicately adjust the alignment of the incision margin, make the tension evenly distributed, and reduce the risk of scar formation and deformity after the operation. It has a wide range of clinical applications and good applicability.

Objective:To understand the epidemiological characteristics of human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) among acute respiratory infection (ARI) cases in 16 provinces of China from 2009 to 2023.Methods:The data of this study were collected from the ARI surveillance data from 16 provinces in China from 2009 to 2023, with a total of 28 278 ARI cases included in the study. The clinical specimens from ARI cases were screened for HRSV nucleic acid from 2009 to 2023, and differences in virus detection rates among cases of different age groups, regions, and months were analyzed.Results:A total of 28 278 ARI cases were enrolled from January 2009 to September 2023. The age of the cases ranged from<1 month to 112 years, and the age M ( Q1, Q3) was 3 years (1 year, 9 years). Among them, 3 062 cases were positive for HRSV nucleic acid, with a total detection rate of 10.83%. From 2009 to 2019, the detection rate of HRSV was 9.33%, and the virus was mainly prevalent in winter and spring. During the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the detection rate of HRSV fluctuated between 6.32% and 18.67%. There was no traditional winter epidemic peak of HRSV from the end of 2022 to the beginning of 2023, and an anti-seasonal epidemic of HRSV occurred from April to May 2023. About 87.95% (2 693/3 062) of positive cases were children under 5 years old, and the difference in the detection rate of HRSV among different age groups was statistically significant ( P<0.001), showing a decreasing trend of HRSV detection rate with the increase of age ( P<0.001). Among them, the HRSV detection rate (25.69%) was highest in children under 6 months. Compared with 2009-2019, the ranking of HRSV detection rates in different age groups changed from high to low between 2020 and 2023, with the age M (Q1, Q3) of HRSV positive cases increasing from 1 year (6 months, 3 years) to 2 years (11 months, 3 years). Conclusion:Through 15 years of continuous HRSV surveillance analysis, children under 5 years old, especially infants under 6 months old, are the main high-risk population for HRSV infection. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the prevalence and patterns of HRSV in China have changed.

Molecular imprinting is a biomimetic technique that simulates the specific recognition of biological macromolecules such as antibody. Based on molecular imprinting and high-specificity affinity analysis,the biomimetic imprinting affinity analysis (BIA) possesses many advantages such as high sensitivity,strong tolerance,good specificity and low cost,and thus,it has shown excellent prospects in food safety detection,pharmaceutical analysis and environmental pollution monitoring. In this review,the construction methods of recognition interfaces for BIA were summarized,including bulk polymerization,electro-polymerization and surface molecular imprinting. The application of molecularly imprinted polymers in different analysis methods,such as radiolabeled affinity analysis,enzyme-labeled affinity analysis,fluorescence-labeled affinity analysis,chemiluminescence affinity analysis and electrochemical immunosensor was mainly discussed. Furthermore,the challenges and future development trends of BIA in practical application were elucidated. This review might provide new reference ideas and technical supports for the further development of BIA technique.

Objective To explore the relationship between community health follow-up management and the quality of life of residents receiving home care from long-term care insurance(LTCI),and provide a basis for the construction of an integrated community home care service model centered on disabled residents.Methods According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,and the principle of convenience,a sample was selected consisting of residents who participated in LTCI home care from Jan 1 to Dec 31,2021,in Meilong Community of Minhang District,Shanghai.After a year of participation,the subjects'quality of life was assessed face-to-face by trained community doctors using the 36-item short form health survey(SF-36).Based on the electronic health records of residents,the community chronic disease management system,the LTCI management system,and combined with on-site questionnaire survey,community doctors collected the demographic information,lifestyle,types of diseases,chronic disease comorbidity status,and health follow-up management provided by primary medical and health institutions.To assess the association between community health follow-up management and residents'quality of life with home care insurance for elderly care through cross-sectional analysis.Results The survey revealed that 230(57.64%)individuals had indeed received health follow-up management provided by the community health service center.The scores of the general health,physiological function,physical pain,mental health,vitality,and emotional function dimensions on the SF-36 scale were found to be higher compared to those of no follow-up population.The difference between the two groups exhibited statistical significance(all P＜0.05).Furthermore,individuals who actively engaged in the health follow-up management provided by community health service centers exhibited significantly higher scores in terms of health change(P=0.003),indicating a relatively favorable overall health status.After adjusting for demographic and confounding variables,further analysis revealed a significant positive association between health follow-up management provided by community health service centers and the overall health,physiological function,physical pain,mental health,and vitality dimensions of the SF-36 scale among LTCI beneficiaries(all P＜0.05).Conclusion The provision of health follow-up management by community health service centers exerts a significant positive impact on the quality of life among disabled residents covered by LTCI.It is an effective way to improve the quality of LTCI home care services.

Purpose::Internal iliac artery ligation (IIAL) has been used as a damage control procedure to treat hemodynamically unstable pelvic fracture for many years. However, there is ongoing debate regarding the effectiveness and safety of this hemostatic method. Therefore, we performed a systematic literature review to assess the efficacy and safety of IIAL for pelvic fracture hemostasis.Methods::Three major databases, PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar, were searched to screen eligible original studies published in English journals. Two reviewers independently read the titles, abstracts, and full texts of all literature. Articles were included if they reported the use and effects of IIAL.Results::A total of 171 articles were initially identified, with 22 fully meeting the inclusion criteria. Among the analyzed cases, up to 66.7% of patients had associated abdominal and pelvic organ injuries, with the urethra being the most frequently injured organ, followed by the bowel. The outcomes of IIAL for achieving hemostasis in pelvic fractures were found to be satisfactory, with an effective rate of 80%. Hemorrhagic shock was the leading cause of death, followed by craniocerebral injury. Notably, no reports of ischemic complications involving the pelvic organs due to IIAL were found.Conclusion::IIAL has a good effect in treating hemodynamically unstable pelvic fracture without the risk of pelvic organ ischemia. This procedure should be considered a priority for hemodynamically unstable pelvic fracture patients with abdominal organ injuries.