Medical institutions, with their clinical practice foundation and abundant human use experience data, have become important carriers for the inheritance and innovation of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) and the "cradles" of the preparation of new TCM. To effectively promote the transformation of new TCM originating from the TCM clinical practice in medical institutions and establish an effective evaluation index system for the transformation of new TCM conforming to the characteristics of TCM, consensus experts adopted the literature research, questionnaire survey, Delphi method, etc. By focusing on the policy and technical evaluation of new TCM originating from the TCM clinical practice in medical institutions, a comprehensive evaluation from the dimensions of drug safety, efficacy, feasibility, and characteristic advantages was conducted, thus forming a comprehensive evaluation system with four primary indicators and 37 secondary indicators. The expert consensus reached aims to encourage medical institutions at all levels to continuously improve the high-quality research and development and transformation of new TCM originating from the TCM clinical practice in medical institutions and targeted at clinical needs, so as to provide a decision-making basis for the preparation, selection, cultivation, and transformation of new TCM for medical institutions, improve the development efficiency of new TCM, and precisely respond to the public medication needs.
Medicine, Chinese Traditional/standards* ; Humans ; Consensus ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Dipsaci Radix is a commonly used yang tonifying medicine in clinical practice.Ancient books record that its preparation methods are diverse,mainly concentrated in the Ming and Qing dynasties,including wine soaking,wine washing,wine baking,wine stir frying,stir frying,wine mixing,and salt water stir frying.Wine roasting can promote blood circulation,dispel cold stagnation,and has been used throughout history;salt roasting has been seen in modern times,which can induce Chinese materia medica to descend and enhance liver and kidney tonifying effects;at present,it is mainly used for slicing raw materials,but there are also processed products such as wine fried products,salt fried products,stir fried slices,and charcoal slices.This article reviewed the herbal monographs,TCM ancient books,processing standards and modern literature,and combed the related elaboration of the processing history and modern processing research of Dipsaci Radix in the literature,so as to provide references for the processing mechanism,method research,clinical application and resource development and utilization of Dipsaci Radix.

Gastric cancer is a common malignant tumor of the digestive tract and can be classified as “fullness of the stomach”， “epigastric pain”， “noise” and other categories in the field of traditional Chinese medicine. Sijunzi decoction is composed of Panax ginseng， Poria cocos， Atractylodes macrocephala， and honey-fried Glycyrrhiza uralensis， and it has the effect of tonifying qi and strengthening the spleen. This article summarizes the active ingredients， mechanism of action， and clinical application research progress of Sijunzi decoction in treating gastric cancer. The results show that the main active ingredients of Sijunzi decoction include ginsenosides， atractylenolide， pachymic acid， glycyrrhizic acid， etc.； Sijunzi decoction and its effective ingredients can play an anti-gastric cancer role by inhibiting the proliferation of gastric cancer cell， inducing apoptosis of gastric cancer cell， enhancing gastric cancer cell chemotherapy sensitivity， and inhibiting invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer cell. In addition， Sijunzi decoction can enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy drugs， strengthen the immune function of the body and lower serum cancer marker levels during the clinical treatment of gastric cancer.

Dipsaci Radix is a commonly used yang tonifying medicine in clinical practice.Ancient books record that its preparation methods are diverse,mainly concentrated in the Ming and Qing dynasties,including wine soaking,wine washing,wine baking,wine stir frying,stir frying,wine mixing,and salt water stir frying.Wine roasting can promote blood circulation,dispel cold stagnation,and has been used throughout history;salt roasting has been seen in modern times,which can induce Chinese materia medica to descend and enhance liver and kidney tonifying effects;at present,it is mainly used for slicing raw materials,but there are also processed products such as wine fried products,salt fried products,stir fried slices,and charcoal slices.This article reviewed the herbal monographs,TCM ancient books,processing standards and modern literature,and combed the related elaboration of the processing history and modern processing research of Dipsaci Radix in the literature,so as to provide references for the processing mechanism,method research,clinical application and resource development and utilization of Dipsaci Radix.

Diarrhea is the most common clinical symptom of the digestive system,its pathogenesis may be related to intestinal infection,intestinal microecological instability,intestinal barrier dysfunction and so on.Sijunzi decoction has the effect of invigorating spleen and nourishing stomach,and supplementing qi and blood.In modern clinical practice,modified Sijunzi decoction combining with other prescriptions,Chinese medicine massage,acupuncture and western medicine attenuates synergies,improves the patients'quality of life,and is widely used in the treatment of diarrhea,but its mechanism has not yet been systematically clarified.Therefore,this article reviews the research progress of the mechanism and clinical application of Sijunzi decoction and its modified formula in the treatment of diarrhea,and provides reference for the mechanism research and prevention of Sijunzi decoction and its modified formula in the treatment of diarrhea.

Objective To evaluate the key production process of Jiangshi Granules based on the new mode of combining fingerprint and quantity-value transfer relationship.Methods The fingerprints of Jiangshi Granules extract,extractum and granules were established by HPLC.The common peak transfer number of the fingerprint,the calculation of multi-component content transfer rate,and the paste rate were set as indicators to analyze the quantity and mass transfer law in the production process.The rationality of the preparation process design of Jiangshi Granules was evaluated.Results The fingerprints of 10 batches of Jiangshi Granules extract,extractum and granules were established.17 common peaks were calibrated and 8 peaks were identified.They were respectively tangshenoside I,liquiritin,lobetyolin,isoliquiritin apioside,isoliquiritin,liquiritigenin,glycyrrhizic acid,atractylenolide Ⅲ;the average transfer rates of 8 components from decoction pieces to extract were 29.42%,51.26%,23.81%,34.45%,28.29%,30.22%,42.67%,26.10%;the average transfer rates of extract to extractum were 50.05%,60.04%,51.04%,50.27%,47.60%,52.44%,53.44%,44.97%;the average transfer rates of extractum to granules were 64.83%,78.74%,70.16%,66.56%,70.62%,69.59%,76.97%,66.43%.Conclusion The established fingerprint of Jiangshi Granules extract,extractum and granules is stable and reliable,which emphasizes the integrity of the research process of TCM preparations and provides a basis for the quality control of Jiangshi Granules in the production process.

Objective To optimize the granularity and decocting process of Codonopsis Radix decoction.Methods Adding water,soaking time and decoction time were set as examine factors,and flavonoids,total polysaccharides,and extract yield were set as the indexes,AHP-entropy weight method combined with the Box-Behnken design-response surface method were used to determine the best particle size and the technological parameters of Codonopsis Radix decoction.Results The optimum size of precise Codonopsis Radix decoction was 4.00-4.75 mm(4-5 mesh);the optimum decocting process was 13 times the amount of water added;the soaking time was 15 min;the decocting time was 10 min.Conclusion The granularity of Codonopsis Radix decocting powder optimized in this study is scientific and reasonable,which is suitable for practical production.The established decocting process is convenient,reasonable and feasible,and provides a theoretical basis for the industrial production of decocting powder.

Steaming is one of the commonly used methods in the processing of Chinese materia medica,which can be used to change the medicinal properties,expand the scope of use,enhance the efficacy,reduce side effects and facilitate slicing.By reviewing ancient herbal texts and literature,this article summarized the historical development of TCM steaming:from the Spring and Autumn period to the Warring States period,it has mainly gone through the stages of germination,growth,maturity,and prosperity.It further sorted out the research progress of modern steaming from the aspects of steaming technology,chemical composition and drug effect changes before and after steaming,and analyzed and discussed the establishment of quality standards of steamed products and the development of traditional and modern processing techniques,with a view to clarifying the mechanism of steaming,and providing basis for standardizing steaming technology,improving the quality standards of steamed decoction pieces and rational clinical application.

Objective To observe the protective effect of schisandrin and deoxyschisandrin on acute liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride(CCl4) in mice and to study its mechanism. Methods Mice were randomly divided into five groups: normal group(0. 5％ carboxymethylcellulose sodium,0. 5％ CMC-Na) ,model group (0. 5％ CMC-Na) ,control group(bicyclol 300mg·kg-1·d-1) , schisandrin group(schisandrin 400 mg·kg-1·d-1) ,and deoxyschisandrin group(deoxyschisandrin 400 mg·kg-1·d-1) ,with 10 mice in each group, intragastrically twice a day for 7 d. One hour after the last administration,except for normal group,the mice of other groups were intraperitoneally injected with 0. 3％ CCl4 peanut oil solution for reproduction of acute liver injury model in mice. The serum and liver tissues of mice of each group were collected. The serum levels of alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were measured by automatic biochemical analyzer. The malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in liver tissue were measured by biochemical kits. Results The serum levels of ALT in normal group,model group,control group,schisandrin group,and deoxyschisandrin group were (30. 90 ± 3. 14) , (3986. 90 ± 78. 63) , (387. 00 ± 24. 39) , (1914. 70 ± 89. 35) , and(2142. 10 ± 98. 35) U·L-1,respectively; the serum levels of AST in the 5 groups were (191. 50 ± 18. 02) ,(2337. 70 ± 80. 34) ,(978. 10 ± 95. 65) ,(1525. 60 ± 96. 91) ,and (1405. 30 ± 92. 31) U·L-1,respectively; the MDA levels in liver tissue in the 5 groups were (3. 08 ± 0. 18) ,(8. 67 ± 0. 28) ,(5. 13 ± 0. 22) ,(6. 63 ± 0. 28) ,and (6. 18 ± 0. 34) μmol·g-1,respectively; the SOD levels in liver tissue in the 5 groups were (162. 42 ± 4. 03) ,(102. 86 ± 3. 55) ,(148. 78 ± 7. 57) ,(132. 83 ± 6. 42) ,and (138. 21 ± 4. 94) U·mg-1,respectively. Comparison between model group and normal group or between control group, schisandrin group,deoxyschisandrin group and model group, the differences of the factors were significant (all P < 0. 01). Conclusion Schisandrin and deoxyschisandrin have protective effects on acute liver injury induced by CCl4 in mice,and its mechanism is related to anti-oxidation.

Objective: To evaluate the predictive value of PARIS bleeding score on in-hospital bleeding of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients after drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation with dual-antiplatelet therapy (DAPT). Methods: There were 27 594 AMI patients enrolled in China acute myocardial infarction (CAMI) registry between 2013-01-01 to 2014-09-30 from 107 hospitals, and 14 625 of them had successful in-hospital DES implantation with DAPT were studied. Based on BARC (bleeding academic research consortium definition) criteria, the end point major bleeding (MB) events were defined by both BARC type 3, 5 and BARC type 2, 3, 5; the incidence of in-hospital bleeding, clinical features and predictive value of PARIS bleeding score according to different BARC type were evaluated. Results: Compared with non-MB patients, MB patients had the higher PARIS bleeding score, P<0.001. Based on PARIS score risk stratification, taking BARC type 3, 5 as endpoint, 77/14 625 (0.53%) patients had bleeding events, PARIS scores were different among high risk, mid risk and low risk patients, P<0.001; bleeding risk in mid risk patients was 2.38 times higher than low risk patients, P=0.006 and bleeding risk in high risk patients was 4.78 times higher than low risk patients, P<0.001.Taking BARC type 2,3,5 as endpoint,223(1.52%)patients had bleeding events,bleeding risk in mid risk patients was 1.64 times higher than low risk patients, P=0.002 and bleeding risk in high risk patients was 2.23 times higher than low risk patients, P=0.001. ROC analysis showed that PARIS score had predictive value on both BARC type 3, 5 and BARC type 2, 3, 5 bleeding, area under curve (AUC) of BARC type 3, 5 (AUC: 0.672) was higher than AUC of BARC type 2, 3, 5 (AUC:0.596) (z=2.079, P=0.038), which implied that PARIS score had better predictive value in severe bleeding events. Conclusion: PARIS bleeding score had predictive value on in-hospital bleeding in AMI patients after DES implantation with DAPT, it can also be used in bleeding risk stratification. PARIS bleeding score had better predictive value on severe bleeding.