ObjectiveTo elucidate the correlation between alterations in digestion and absorption functions and hepatic deficiency states in aging rats based on the R-spondin1/Wnt3a signaling pathway， and reveal the intervention mechanism of Bugansan. MethodsForty-eight SPF-grade male SD rats were randomly assigned to six groups： blank control， model， low-， medium-， and high-dose （7.03， 14.06， 28.12 g·kg^-1， respectively） Bugansan， and vitamin E （suspension， 27 mg·kg^-1）， with 8 rats in each group. The rat model of aging was established by intraperitoneal injection of D-galactose （400 mg·kg^-1）， while the blank control group was injected with normal saline. Since the day of modeling， rats in intervention groups received corresponding agents by gavage， and those in blank control and model groups received an equal volume of normal saline （10 mL·kg^-1）. General biological features such as fur color， activity， body mass， water intake， and food intake were observed. Meanwhile， the content of malondialdehyde （MDA） and the activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD） and glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） in the serum were measured to assess aging. Grip strength and the content of total bile acids （TBA） and the activity of α-amylase （AMY） in the serum were measured to evaluate hepatic deficiency states. The activity of β-galactosidase （β-gal） in the duodenum was measured to evaluate intestinal senescence. The levels of glucagon-like peptide-1 （GLP-1）， vasoactive intestinal peptide （VIP）， and D-xylose in the serum were determined to assess digestion and absorption functions of the small intestine. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was conducted to observe pathological changes of the duodenum to assess the small intestine damage. Immunohistochemical staining was employed to visualize the expression of B-cell-specific Moloney murine leukemia virus integration site 1 （Bmi1） and leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 （Lgr5） in the duodenal tissue. Moreover， Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was utilized to quantify the mRNA levels of Ki67， Bmi1， and Lgr5 to assess proliferation and regeneration of the small intestine. Additionally， the mRNA levels of R-spondin1， Wnt3a， β-catenin， and glycogen synthase kinase-3β （GSK-3β） and the protein levels of R-spondin1， Wnt3a， β-catenin， and phosphorylated GSK-3β （p-GSK-3β） in the duodenum were determined by Real-time PCR and Western blot， respectively， to analyze the mechanisms of intestinal digestion and absorption dysfunction in aging rats and the regulatory characteristics of Bugansan. ResultsCompared with blank control group， the model group showed decreases in body mass， water intake， food intake， grip strength， activities of SOD， GSH-Px， and AMY in the serum and content of GLP-1， VIP and D-xylose in the serum （P<0.05）， increases in the content of MDA and TBA in the serum and β-gal activity in the duodenum （P<0.05）， reductions in villus length， villus width， crypt depth， and villi/crypt （V/C） value， down-regulated mRNA and protein levels of Ki67， Lgr5， Bmi1， R-spondin1， Wnt3a， β-catenin， and up-regulated level of GSK-3β， phosphorylation （p）-GSK-3β （P<0.05）. Compared with the model group， Bugansan increased the body mass， water intake， food intake， grip strength， and activities of SOD， GSH-Px， and AMY and levels of GLP-1， VIP and D-xylose in the serum （P<0.05）， while decreasing the content of MDA and TBA in the serum and β-gal activity in the duodenum （P<0.05）. Furthermore， Bugansan increased the villus length， villus width， crypt depth， and V/C value， up-regulated the mRNA and protein levels of Ki67， Lgr5， Bmi1， R-spondin1， Wnt3a， β-catenin， and down-regulated the level of GSK-3β and p-GSK-3β （P<0.05）. ConclusionAging rats exhibit obvious impairments in digestion and absorption functions， accompanied by a state of hepatic deficiency. The traditional Chinese medicine approach of tonifying liver Qi effectively ameliorates aging-related changes by modulating the R-spondin1/Wnt3a signaling pathway to mitigate intestinal senescence and enhance digestion and absorption functions， ultimately contributing to the delay of aging.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical efficacy of Qihuang needle therapy for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) children with sleep disorder. METHODS: A total of 60 ASD children with sleep disorder were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 30 cases in each group. Both groups were treated with structured education intervention, 60 min each time, once a day, 6 times a week. Qihuang needle therapy was applied at Yintang (GV24⁺), Baihui (GV20) and bilateral Jueyinshu (BL14), Xinshu (BL15) in the observation group, multi-direction needling was delivered and without needle retaining. The treatment was given 2 times a week, each treatment was delivered at interval of 2 days at least. Behavioral intervention was adopted in the control group. Treatment for consecutive 12 weeks was required in both groups. Before and after treatment, the scores of children's sleep habits questionnaire (CSHQ), the autism behavior checklist (ABC), the childhood autism rating scale (CARS), and the childhood autism behavior scale (CABS) were observed in the two groups. RESULTS: After treatment, the scores of CSHQ, ABC, CARS and CABS were decreased compared with those before treatment (P<0.01), and the above scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Qihuang needle therapy can effectively treat ASD with sleep disorder, improve the core symptoms of ASD and the sleep quality.
Humans ; Autism Spectrum Disorder/physiopathology* ; Male ; Female ; Child ; Sleep Wake Disorders/physiopathology* ; Child, Preschool ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Acupuncture Points ; Treatment Outcome ; Sleep ; Needles

OBJECTIVE: To provide the experience and demonstration for the transformation of acupuncture-moxibustion techniques standards from Chinese national standards to international standards. METHODS: Questionnaire research, literature research, semi-structured interviews and expert consultation were used. RESULTS: The safety of acupuncture-moxibustion techniques was evaluated through literature research, and based on the results of the questionnaire survey, expert interviews, and expert consultation, 11 main bodies and structure of the former Chinese national standard, Technical Benchmark of Acupuncture and Moxibustion: General Rules for Drafting, were adjusted and optimized in accordance with the requirements of international standard (including the language, normative references, purpose, scope, applicable environment, target population, work team, terms and definitions, general principles and basic requirements, structural elements and text structure, and compilation process); and the first international standard, World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Societis (WFAS) Technical Benchmark of Acupuncture and Moxibustion: General Rules for Drafting was formulated to specify the general rules for drafting. CONCLUSION The 3 key questions, "international compatibility", "technical operability" and "safety" should be solved technically on the basis of explicit international requirements. It is the core technical issue during transforming the national standards of technical benchmark of acupuncture and moxibustion into international standards.
Moxibustion/methods* ; Acupuncture Therapy/methods* ; Humans ; Translational Research, Biomedical/standards* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; China ; Benchmarking/standards*

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of diabetic cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy(DCAN)secondary to type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods A total of 63 T2DM patients admitted to Department of Endocrinology in our hospital from Nov.1,2022 to Nov.30,2023 were enrolled.All patients were examined by cardiovascular autonomic nervous system.According to the results,they were assigned to DCAN group or non-DCAN group.Baseline data and laboratory parameters were recorded for each group.Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the influencing factors of DCAN secondary to T2DM,and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis was used to study the predictive value of the influencing factors on DCAN.Results There were 32(50.79％)patients in the DCAN group and 31(49.21％)patients in the non-DCAN group.The mean age of the patients was significantly older in the DCAN group than in the non-DCAN group(P=0.002).Logistic regression analysis showed that age was a risk factor for DCAN secondary to T2DM(odds ratio=1.095,95％confidence interval 1.029-1.166,P=0.04).The ROC curve showed that the area under curve value of age predicting DCAN was 0.718,and the best diagnostic value was 58.5 years old,with a sensitivity of 0.719 and a specificity of 0.645.Conclusion Age is a risk factor for DCAN secondary to T2DM,and an increase in age leads to a higher positive rate of DCAN.

Based on the target recognition ability of split aptamer and intelligent analytical capability of molecular logic gate,in this work,two split aptamers were integrated into"AND"logic gate to construct a novel ortho-nucleic acid fluorescence sensor for simultaneous detection of thrombin and myoglobin.When there was one target,the response of the signal was only a single fluorescence output signal,which was used as an evaluation standard for early low-risk judgment.When two targets coexisted,the split aptamer bound to the target to form a ternary complex and led to the head and tail ortho-nucleic acid effect respectively,and triggered the G4 chain to enhance the fluorescence signal of thioflavin T and the fluorescence signal quenching of Cyanine 3,which could be used as an evaluation criterion for early high-risk judgement.Under the optimal conditions,the linear range for detection of thrombin was 3-200 nmol/L,with a correlation coefficient of 0.9931 and a detection limit of 0.97 nmol/L,and the linear range for detection of myoglobin was 6-400 nmol/L,with a correlation coefficient of 0.9933,and a detection limit of 2.14 nmol/L.The method was applied to simultaneous determination of thrombin and myoglobin in clinical serum samples,and the recoveries were 85.4%-118.3%and 85.8%-119.9%,respectively,with relative standard deviations of less than 6.5%.Compared with the standard method,the relative error range was from-8.8%to 5.6%.In addition,the logical diagnosis results of 4 serum samples were high-risk of acute myocardial infarction in 2 cases and low-risk in 2 cases.The ″AND″ logic gate ortho-nucleic acid fluorescence sensing method showed many advantages such as high selectivity,rapidity,accuracy and simultaneous detection,which offered important reference for early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction,and also provided a general detection design strategy and platform for simultaneous detection of biomarkers.

Objective To investigate the association of digit ratio with single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)at three loci(rs17576,rs3918249,rs9509)of matrix metallopeptidase 9(MMP-9)gene.Methods A total of 804 Ningxia Han youths(399 males and 405 females)were used as the study subjects.A digital camera was used to take frontal photographs of the hands,and image analysis software was used to mark the anatomical points and measure the lengths of each finger of both hands(2D,3D,4D,5D);Multiplexed PCR was used to detect the three polymorphic sites of the MMP-9 gene,SPSS 25.0 and R Studio software were used for data analysis and plotting.Results The 2D/3D(P＜0.05)and 2D/4D(left,P＜0.01,right,P＜0.05)of both hands,2D/5D(P＜0.01),3D/5D,4D/5D(P＜0.05)of the right hand,and 3D/4D(P＜0.05)of the left hand in female youths of Ningxia Han were significantly higher than those in males,Differences in genotypes and allele frequencies at all 3 loci of the MMP-9 gene were not statistically significant between genders(P＞0.05).Right hand 2D/4D was significantly associated with genotypes at the rs17576 and rs3918249 loci in male youths(P＜0.05).Conclusion MMP-9 gene SNPs(rs17576 and rs3918249)may be associated with the formation of 2D/4D of Ningxia Han male youths.

Objective:To investigate the iodine nutritional status of pregnant women in Hangzhou City and analyze its influencing factors, in order to provide a basis for guiding pregnant women in Hangzhou City to supplement iodine scientifically.Methods:A stratified random sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 1 400 pregnant women in Hangzhou City from March to October 2018. Random urine samples and household salt samples from pregnant women were collected, and the levels of urine iodine and salt iodine were measured using arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry and direct titration, respectively. The iodine nutritional status of pregnant women with different basic characteristics and dietary levels were analyzed and compared (Kruskal-Wallis test), and the main influencing factors affecting the urinary iodine concentration level of pregnant women were identified (the ordinal multiple classification logistic regression analysis).Results:The median urinary iodine of pregnant women was 135.00 μg/L, and the qualified iodized salt consumption rate of pregnant women was 83.36% (1 167/1 400). In terms of basic characteristics, there were statistically significant differences in the distribution level of urine iodine among pregnant women with different pregnancy frequency, delivery frequency, and natural abortion frequency ( P < 0.05). In terms of diet, the frequency of consuming milk, yogurt, meat, and whether pregnant women consumed cabbage and cauliflower showed statistically significant differences in urinary iodine distribution levels ( P < 0.05). Ordinal multiple classification logistic regression analysis showed that the urine iodine levels of pregnant women who were pregnant twice were higher than those who were pregnant ≥3 times ( OR = 1.64, P = 0.003). Pregnant women who never or occasionally consumed yogurt had lower urine iodine levels than or equal to those who consumed 2 bottles of yogurt per day ( OR = 0.53, P = 0.044). Pregnant women who never or occasionally consumed meat and those who consumed meat once a week had higher urinary iodine levels than that who consumed meat ≥2 times per week ( OR = 1.40, 1.47, P < 0.05). Conclusions:The overall iodine nutrition of pregnant women in Hangzhou City is at an deficiency level. Pregnancy experience and dietary level are influencing factors on iodine nutrition of pregnant women. It is necessary to carry out in-depth health education for pregnant women, improve the dietary structure during pregnancy, and improve the abnormal iodine nutrition of pregnant women.

Fibromyalgia syndrome （FMS） is a refractory， chronic non-articular rheumatic disease characterized by widespread pain throughout the body， for which there are no satisfactory therapeutic drugs or options. There are rich Chinese medical therapies， and some non-drug therapies， such as acupuncture， Tai Chi， and Ba-Duan-Jin， have shown satisfactory efficacy and safety and definite advantages of simultaneously adjusting mind and body. FMS is taken as a disease responding specifically to traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） by the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine in 2018. In order to clarify the research progress in FMS and the clinical advantages of TCM/integrated Chinese and Western medicine， the China Academy of Chinese Medicine organized a seminar for nearly 20 experts in Chinese and Western medicine， including rheumatology， psychology， acupuncture and moxibustion， and encephalopathy， with the topic of difficulties in clinical diagnosis and treatment of FMS and advantages of TCM and Western medicine. The recommendations were reached on the difficulties in early diagnosis and solutions of FMS， mitigation of common non-specific symptoms， preferential analgesic therapy， TCM pathogenesis and treatment advantages， and direction of treatment with integrated Chinese and Western medicine. FMS is currently facing the triple dilemma of low early correct diagnosis， poor patient participation， and unsatisfactory benefit from pure Western medicine treatment. To solve the above problems， this paper suggests that rheumatologists should serve as the main diagnostic force of this disease， and they should improve patient participation in treatment decision-making， implement exercise therapy， and fully utilize the holistic and multidimensional features of TCM， which is effective in alleviating pain， improving mood， and decreasing adverse events. In addition， it is suggested that FMS treatment should rely on both TCM and Western medicine and adopt multidisciplinary joint treatment， which is expected to improve the standard of diagnosis and treatment of FMS in China.

This paper systematically analyzed the ancient monographs of acupuncture and moxibustion and comprehensive medical books from pre-Qin to 1911， and extracted the data according to the etiology and pathogenesis， treatment principles and methods， acupoint selection， needling and moxibustion， and taboos of needling and moxibustion. The pathogenesis of migraine in ancient books and documents is summarized as "the causes are diverse， and phlegm-dampness is the majority". For treatment， the features include "needling has a sequence， and the root and the branch should be treated separately" and "focusing on tonifying deficiency and drain excess". It is also obtained of the rich ideas of acupoints selection， extensive application records of moxibustion， unique application of bloodletting therapy and clear explanation of acupuncture and moxibustion taboos. All mentioned above is expected to enrich the ideas and methods of modern migraine treatment and improve the clinical effects.

The incidence of blood tumors is getting higher and higher. In addition to traditional chemoradiotherapy, in recent years, with the development of nuclear medicine technology and nuclide, nuclide therapy is playing an increasingly important role in the treatment of blood tumors. At present, the main research on the treatment of blood tumors focuses on acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but progress has also been made in other blood tumors. 213Bi and 225Ac-labeled monoclonal antibodies have achieved good results in blood tumors. 225Ac has overcome the short half-life of 213Bi and the problems of transportation and preservation. However, there are still many problems to be solved in the clinical use of α particles. This article reviews the progress of α-particle therapy in blood system, in order to provide a broader idea for the treatment of blood tumors.